View source for αἶρα

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=αἶρα
|Medium diacritics=αἶρα
|Low diacritics=αίρα
|Capitals=ΑΙΡΑ
|Transliteration A=aîra
|Transliteration B=aira
|Transliteration C=aira
|Beta Code=ai)=ra
|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[hammer]], [[αἰράων ἔργα]] = [[smith's work]], <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>129</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἀξίνη]], Hsch. [[axehead]], [[axe head]], [[axe-head]]</span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[darnel]], [[poison darnel]], [[darnel ryegrass]], [[cockle]], [[Lolium temulentum]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span> 1.5.2</span>: in plural, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>412</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.188</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Somn.Vig.</span>456b30</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod. 6.100</span>, etc.</span>
}}
{{DGE
|dgtxt=-ας, ἡ<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [plu. gen. αἰράων Call.<i>Fr</i>.115.12; dat. αἴρῃσιν Euph.81.9]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[mazo]], [[martillo]] αἰράων ἔργα Call.l.c., cf. Euph.l.c.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[hacha]] Hsch.<br /><b class="num">II</b> bot. [[cizaña]], [[Lolium temulentum]] gener. en plu., Ar.<i>Fr</i>.428, Hp.<i>Nat.Mul</i>.32, Arist.<i>Somn.Vig</i>.456<sup>b</sup>30, <i>SEG</i> 48.96.25 (Atenas IV a.C.), Herod.6.100, <i>PCair.Zen</i>.292.22 (III a.C.), Apollon.enal.12.998, <i>Hippiatr.Cant</i>.29.1, <i>PHamb</i>.19.16 (III d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>sg. Thphr.<i>HP</i> 1.5.2, Gal.11.816.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Cf. quizás ai. <i>erakā</i> ‘[[una hierba]]’, let. <i>aĩres</i> ‘[[cizaña]]’.
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{{ls
|lstext='''αἶρα''': ἡ, [[σφῦρα]], αἰράων ἔργα, ἔργα σιδηρουργοῦ, Καλλ. Ἀποσπ. 129. ΙΙ. τὸ ἐν τῷ σίτῳ παράσιτον [[φυτόν]], ἡ κοινῶς «[[αἶρα]]» καλουμένη, ἐν Λακωνίᾳ δὲ καὶ Ζακύνθῳ καὶ [[πολλαχοῦ]] «ᾖρα», Λατ. lolium, Θεοφρ. Ἱ. Φ. 1. 5. 2· κατὰ πληθ. Ἀριστοφ. Ἀποσπ. 364. Φερεκρ. Ἄδηλ. 17: ― κατὰ Ἀριστ. περὶ Ἐνυπν. 3. 9 ἦτο ὑπνωτική, [[ὥστε]] βεβαίως [[εἶναι]] τὸ Λατ. lolium temulentum L.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''αἶρα:''' ἡ бот. плевел Arst., Plut.
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{{etym
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[hammer of a smith]] (Call. fr. 115, 12). = [[σφῦρα]], [[ἀξίνη]] H., [[σφῦρα]] Et. Gen.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unknown. An axe as hammer ? From [[αἴρω]] Schwyzer 474 (improbable).<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[darnel]], [[Lolium temulentum]] (Thphr).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Hardly to Skt. [[erakā]] f. [[ a kind of grass]], which Specht KZ 66, 12 assumes to be an oriental loanword in both languages; rejected by Thieme 1953 = Heimat 586 = 52. Berger thinks the Sanskrit word is of Austro-Asiatic origin, WZKS 3 (1959) 48. (On erakas. Klaus MSS 57 (1997) 49-64). - [[αἰρόπινον]] s.s.v.
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{{FriskDe
|ftr='''αἶρα''': 1.<br />{aĩra}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Schmiedehammer]] (Kall. ''Fr''. 129).<br />'''Etymology''': Von H. auch mit [[ἀξίνη]] erklärt. Dunkel. Nach Prellwitz, dem Schwyzer 474 zustimmt, von [[αἴρω]]. Andere Versuche bei Bq.<br />'''Page''' 1,43<br />2.<br />{aĩra}<br />'''Grammar''': f., oft Plur. αἶραι<br />'''Meaning''': [[Unkraut im Weizen]], [[Lolch]] (Kom., Arist., Thphr. u. a.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: αἴρινος [[aus Lolch bestehend]] (Dsk. usw.), [[αἰρώδης]] [[mit Lolch vermengt]] (Thphr.). Denominativum [[ἐξαιρόομαι]] [[sich in Lolch verwandeln]] (Thphr.). — Unklar der Bildung nach ist [[αἰρόπινον]] n. [[Sieb]] (Ar. ''Fr''. 480); nach Grimme Glotta 14, 17 orientalischer Herkunft.<br />'''Etymology''': Die Zusammenstellung von [[αἶρα]] mit aind. ''erakā'' f. [[eine Grasart]] hat Specht KZ 66, 12 in ein neues Licht bringen wollen, indem er annimmt, das Wort sei in beiden Sprachen aus einer orientalischen Quelle entlehnt.<br />'''Page''' 1,43
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==Translations (Lolium temulentum)== 
am: እንክርዳድ; ar: زوان مسكر; az: bihuşedici quramit; be: жыцік ап’яняючы; ca: zitzània; cy: efrau; da: giftig rajgræs; de: Taumel-lolch; eu: iraka; fa: چچم مسکر; fi: myrkkyraiheinä; gl: xoio; hr: pijani ljulj; hsb: jědojta motawa; hu: konkolyperje; hy: հարբեցնող որոմ; io: lolio; ja: ドクムギ; ko: 독보리; lt: nelaboji svidrė; mk: пијанец; pl: życica roczna; qu: khipa qachu; ru: плевел опьяняющий; sv: dårrepe; uk: пажитниця п'янка; wa: dårnale; zh: 毒麦