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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=lingua linguae N F :: tongue; speech, language; dialect
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>lingua</b>: ([[ante]]-[[class]]. form [[dingua]], [[like]] dagrima for [[lacrima]], Mar. Victorin. p. 2457 and 2470 P.; cf. the [[letter]] D), ae, f. Sanscr. jihvā; [[original]] Lat. form. [[dingua]]; A. -S. tunga; Germ. Zunge; Engl. [[tongue]]. Not from the [[root]] lih, lich, v. [[lingo]],<br /><b>I</b> the [[tongue]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: fac proserpentem bestiam me duplicem ut habeam linguam (of a [[kiss]] in [[which]] the tongues touched [[each]] [[other]]), Plaut. As. 3, 3, 105: [[lingua]] haeret metu, Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 7: in [[ore]] sita [[lingua]] est, finita dentibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149: linguā haesitantes, id. de Or. 1, 25, 115: linguā properanti legere, Ov. P. 3, 5, 9: linguā titubante loqui, id. Tr. 3, 1, 21: quo facilius verba [[ore]] [[libero]] exprimeret, calculos [[lingua]] volvens dicere domi solebat ([[Demosthenes]]), Quint. 11, 3, 54: linguam exserere, to [[thrust]] [[out]] the [[tongue]], in token of [[derision]] or [[contempt]], Liv. 7, 10: so, [[lingua]] ejecta, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266: [[lingua]] [[minor]], the epiglottis, Plin. 11, 37, 66, § 175.—Comically, as [[mock]] [[term]] of endearment: hujus [[voluptas]], te opsecro, hujus mel, hujus cor, hujus [[labellum]], hujus [[lingua]], Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 178; cf. v. 175.—In mal. [[part]].: [[homo]] malae linguae, a [[fellow]] [[with]] a [[bad]] [[tongue]], i. q. [[fellator]], Mart. 3, 80, 2; Min. Fel. Oct. 28.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Since the [[tongue]] is an [[organ]] of [[speech]], a [[tongue]], [[utterance]], [[speech]], [[language]]: [[largus]] opum, [[lingua]] [[melior]], Verg. A. 11, 338: facilem benevolumque [[lingua]] tua jam [[tibi]] me reddidit, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 35: non tu [[tibi]] istam praetruncari linguam largiloquam jubes? Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 47: [[Latium]] beare divite linguā, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120: [[lingua]] [[quasi]] [[flabello]] seditionis contionem ventilare, Cic. Fl. 23, 54: linguam continere, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: [[tenere]], Ov. F. 2, 602: moderari, Sall. J. 84: linguae [[solutio]], Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114: linguam solvere ad jurgia, Ov. M. 3, 261: [[quidam]] operarii linguā celeri et exercitatā, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 83: ut vitemus linguas hominum, id. Fam. 9, 2, 2: Aetolorum linguas retundere, to [[check]] [[their]] tongues, [[bring]] [[them]] to [[silence]], Liv. 33, 3; cf.: claudente noxarum conscientiā linguam, Amm. 16, 12, 61: si mihi [[lingua]] foret, Ov. H. 21, 205: ne vati noceat [[mala]] [[lingua]] futuro, Verg. E. 7, 28: favete linguis, i. e. [[give]] [[attention]], "be [[silent]] [[that]] [[you]] [[may]] [[hear]]," Hor. C. 3, 1, 2; Ov. F. 1, 71: linguis animisque faventes, Juv. 12, 83: nam [[lingua]] mali [[pars]] pessima servi, id. 9, 121: mercedem imponere linguae, i. e. to [[speak]] for [[pay]], id. 7, 149: usum linguae reciperare, Amm. 17, 12, 10: linguā debili esse, to [[stammer]], Gell. 1, 12, 2.—Comically: os habeat, linguam, perfidiam, [[tongue]], i. e. [[readiness]] in [[speech]], Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 33. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[tongue]] or [[language]] of a [[people]]: [[lingua]] Latina, Graeca, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10: Graeca et Latina [[lingua]], Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6: ([[Massilia]]) tam [[procul]] a Graecorum regionibus, disciplinis linguāque divisa, Cic. Fl. 26, 63: [[quod]] [[quidem]] Latina [[lingua]] sic observat, ut, etc., id. Or. 44, 150: Gallicae linguae scientiam habere, Caes. B. G. 1, 47: qui ipsorum [[lingua]] [[Celtae]], nostra [[Galli]], appellantur, id. ib. 1, 1: dissimili linguā, Sall. C. 6, 2: linguā utrāque, i. e. Greek and Latin, Hor. S. 1, 10, 23; so, auctores utriusque linguae, Quint. prooem. 1; 1, 1, 14: [[Mithridates]], cui duas et [[viginti]] linguas notas fuisse, id. 11, 2, 50: [[haud]] [[rudis]] Graecae linguae, Curt. 5, 11, 4; 5, 4, 4; Nep. Milt. 3, 2: [[Syrus]] in Tiberim [[Orontes]] et linguam et [[mores]] vexit, Juv. 3, 63.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Dialect, idiom, [[mode]] of [[speech]] ([[post]]-Aug.): illis non verborum [[modo]], sed. linguarum [[etiam]] se [[inter]] differentium [[copia]] est. Quint. 12, 10, 34: [[Crassus]] [[quinque]] [[Graeci]] sermonis differentias sic tenuit, ut, [[qua]] [[quisque]] [[apud]] eum linguā postulasset, [[eadem]] jus sibi redditum ferret, id. 11, 2, 50: utar [[enim]] historicā linguā, Sen. Q. N. 1, 13, 3: si philosophorum linguā uti voluissem, id. ib. 2, 2, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poet. of animals. the [[voice]], [[note]], [[song]], [[bark]], etc.: linguae volucrum, Verg. A. 3, 361; 10, 177: linguam praecludere ([[canis]]), Phaedr. 1, 22, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An [[utterance]], [[expression]]: [[lingua]] secretior, a [[dark]] [[saying]], Quint. 1, 1, 35.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of [[tongue]]-shaped things.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[plant]], also called [[lingulaca]], Plin. 24, 19, 108, § 170.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lingua bubula, a [[plant]], oxtongue, bugloss, [[Cato]], R. R. 40; Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 112.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lingua canina, Cels. 5, 27, 18 init.; and [[lingua]] [[canis]], App. Herb. 96, the [[plant]] [[hound]]'s-[[tongue]], also called [[cynoglossos]]; q. v.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[tongue]] of [[land]]: id promontorium, Cujus [[lingua]] in [[altum]] proicit, Pac. ap. Gell. 4, 17 fin.: [[lingua]] in [[altum]] [[mille]] passuum excurrens, Liv. 37, 31, 9; Weissenb. ad Liv. 25, 15, 12: eminet in [[altum]] [[lingua]], in [[qua]] [[urbs]] sita est, Liv. 44, 11: tenuem producit in aequora linguam, Luc. 2, 614; cf.: [[lingua]] dicitur promontorii [[genus]] non excellentis sed molliter in [[planum]] devexi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A spoonful, as a [[measure]], Plin. 26, 11, 73, § 119 (al. lingulis).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[tongue]] or [[reed]] of a [[flute]], Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 84.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>7</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[short]] [[arm]] of a [[lever]]: [[vectis]] [[lingua]] sub [[onus]] subdita, Vitr. 10, 8 (cf. [[ligula]], VII.).
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>lingua</b>,⁸ æ, f. (anc<sup>t</sup> [[dingua]] Mar. Vict. Ars Gramm. 1, 4, p. 26, 2 ; ),<br /><b>1</b> la langue : Cic. Nat. 2, 149 ; [[lingua]] hæsitare Cic. de Or. 1, 115, parler avec difficulté, avoir la langue embarrassée ; ejectā linguā Cic. de Or. 2, 266, tirant la langue<br /><b>2</b> langue, parole, langage : linguam continere Cic. Q. 1, 1, 38, tenir sa langue, se taire ; operarii [[lingua]] celeri et exercitata Cic. de Or. 1, 83, des manœuvres à la langue agile et exercée ; linguas hominum vitare Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 2, éviter les [[propos]] du monde<br /><b>3</b> langue d’un peuple : Latina, Græca Cic. Fin. 1, 10 ; utraque [[lingua]] Hor. S. 1, 10, 23, les deux langues [grec et latin] &#124;&#124; dialecte, idiome : Quint. 12, 10, 34, etc. ; Sen. Ep. 77, 14 ; [poét.] linguæ volucrum Virg. En. 3, 361, le langage des oiseaux<br /><b>4</b> façon de parler : [[interpretatio]] linguæ secretioris Quint. 1, 1, 36, interprétation des expressions un peu [[plus]] rares<br /><b>5</b> [métaph.] : <b> a)</b> plantes diverses : = [[lingulaca]] Plin. 24, 70 ; [[lingua]] bubula [[Cato]] Agr. 40, 4 ; Plin. 17, 112, buglosse ; [[canina]] Cels. Med. 5, 27, 18, cynoglosse ; <b> b)</b> langue de terre : Liv. 44, 11, 3 ; Luc. 2, 614 ; <b> c)</b> petit bout du levier : Vitr. Arch. 10, 3, 2 ; <b> d)</b> biseau d’une flûte : Plin. 10, 84.|
|dialecte, idiome : Quint. 12, 10, 34, etc. ; Sen. Ep. 77, 14 ; [poét.] linguæ volucrum Virg. En. 3, 361, le langage des oiseaux<br /><b>4</b> façon de parler : [[interpretatio]] linguæ secretioris Quint. 1, 1, 36, interprétation des expressions un peu [[plus]] rares<br /><b>5</b> [métaph.] : <b> a)</b> plantes diverses :=[[lingulaca]] Plin. 24, 70 ; [[lingua]] bubula [[Cato]] Agr. 40, 4 ; Plin. 17, 112, buglosse ; [[canina]] Cels. Med. 5, 27, 18, cynoglosse ; <b> b)</b> langue de terre : Liv. 44, 11, 3 ; Luc. 2, 614 ; <b> c)</b> petit bout du levier : Vitr. Arch. 10, 3, 2 ; <b> d)</b> biseau d’une flûte : Plin. 10, 84.
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{{Georges
|georg=lingua, ae, f. (altlat. [[dingua]], s. [[Mar]]. Victorin. 1, 4, 9. p. 9, 17 K. u. 1, 5, 109. p. 26, 2 K., gotisch tuggō, ahd. zunga), die [[Zunge]], I) eig. u. meton.: A) eig.: linguā carens, zungenlos, [[ohne]] Z., Amm.: [[prima]] [[lingua]], die [[Spitze]] der Z., Plin.: exserere linguas (v. Schlangen), Solin.: linguam ab irrisu exserere, Liv.: linguam exsertare, Cl. Quadrig. [[bei]] Gell.: linguam protendere, [[lang]] [[heraushängen]] [[lassen]] ([[wie]] die [[Hunde]]), [[Hieron]].: linguam eicere, Cic.: linguā lambere vulnera, Ov., pueros (v. [[einer]] [[Wölfin]]), Liv.: linguā pannorum suturas lambere (v. der Nähterin), Cael. Aur.: linguā properante legere, Ov.: [[lingua]] balbutit, [[Hieron]]. (u. so balbutiens [[lingua]], Cod. Iust.): linguā titubante alqd loqui, Ov.: abscīdere linguam, Suet.: dentibus abscīdere linguam, [[abbeißen]], Val. Max.: praecīdere linguam alci, Plaut., linguam alcis, Amm.: [[lingua]] est sermonis [[ministra]] et [[manus]], Lact.: si [[decem]] habeas linguas, mutum [[esse]] [[addecet]], Plaut. Bacch. 128: [[non]] [[ego]] cuncta meis amplecti versibus [[opto]], [[non]] [[mihi]] si linguae [[centum]] sint oraque [[centum]], Verg. georg. 2, 43 (u. so [[centum]] linguae [[bei]] Verg. Aen. 6, 625. Ov. [[met]]. 8, 533. Hostii fr. [[bei]] Macr. [[sat]]. 6, 3, 6): [[fama]] [[vero]], [[quae]] [[mille]], ut aiunt, linguis rerum [[mire]] exaggerat fidem, Amm. 21, 9, 3: [[non]] [[mihi]] dentur si [[mille]] linguae, Prisc. praef. laud. Anastas. – im obsz. Sinne, [[homo]] malae linguae = [[fellator]], Mart. 3, 80, 2. – B) meton.: 1) die [[Zunge]] = das [[Reden]], die [[Rede]], die [[Sprache]], die Worte, commercia linguae, Ov.: [[lingua]] astricta mercede, Cic.: [[lingua]] [[mala]], Behexung, [[Beschreiung]], Verg.: magica, Zauberworte, Ov.: historica, Sen.: philosophorum, Sen.: [[lingua]] secretior, dunklere [[Sprache]], Quint.: potentium vatum, [[Gesang]], Hor.: linguae usum recuperare, die [[Sprache]] [[wiedergewinnen]] ([[bekommen]]), Amm.: favete linguis, schweigt, Hor.: linguam [[tenere]], [[schweigen]], Ov.: linguam diligentissime continere (im Zaume [[halten]]), Cic. (u. so [[petulans]] [[non]] linguam, [[non]] manum continet, Sen.): linguam acuere et procudere, der Z. [[Bildung]] u. [[Form]] [[geben]], Cic.: vitemus linguas hominum, Cic.: est malae linguae, [[sie]] hat eine [[böse]] Z., Petron.: u. so malam habere linguam, Sen.: linguae acerbae et [[immodice]] liberae fuit, Liv.: u. so impigrae linguae (Genet.), Sall.: [[homo]] acidae linguae, Sen. rhet.: [[Cato]], [[vir]] promptiore ad vituperandum linguā, Liv. epit.: [[veteris]] comoediae maledica [[lingua]], Val. Max.: claudente noxarum conscientiā linguam, Amm. 16, 12, 61. – emphat. = der [[Mißbrauch]] der [[Zunge]], die [[böse]] [[Zunge]], [[Lästerzunge]], os (unverschämte [[Stirn]]) habeat, linguam, Plaut.: Aetolorum linguas retundere, Liv.: [[lingua]] gravius castigatur, [[quam]] ullum [[probrum]], Curt.: linguam [[vis]] meam praecludere (du willst mir den [[Mund]] [[stopfen]]), ne latrem [[pro]] re domini, Phaedr. 1, 25 (23), 5. – 2) [[wie]] [[γλῶσσα]], a) die [[Sprache]] in [[Beziehung]] [[auf]] ihre materielle [[Beschaffenheit]], Latina, [[Graeca]], Cic.: Punica, [[Hieron]].: [[utraque]], lateinische und griechische, Hor. u. Plin. ep.: linguae (pastorum) [[peritus]], Liv.: [[trium]] linguarum [[peritus]], Isid.: [[Latinae]] linguae [[gnarus]], Liv., [[sciens]], Tac.: Graecā linguā loquentes, [[qui]] Asiam incolebant, die asiatischen Griechen, Liv.: [[vocabulum]] Graecum [[velut]] traductum in linguam Romanam, Gell.: Romanae [[vindex]] clarissimae linguae, Laurea [[Tullus]] poët. [[bei]] Plin.: eiusdem [[esse]] linguae, [[einerlei]] Spr. [[haben]], Cic.: transferre in linguam Latinam, Plin.: utram [[tandem]] linguam [[nescio]]? Cic.: alcis linguam intellegere, Petron. – b) der [[Dialekt]], die [[Mundart]], das [[Idiom]], Dorica, Sen. ep. 77, 14: linguae [[inter]] se differentes, Quint. 12, 10, 34: [[Massilia]], [[quae]] [[tam]] [[procul]] a Graecorum omnium regionibus, disciplinis linguāque divisa, Cic. Flacc. 63. – 3) die Redegabe, [[Redefertigkeit]], [[Beredsamkeit]] (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 44, 7), [[non]] [[magis]] [[consilium]] [[vobis]] [[deest]] [[quam]] [[lingua]], Liv.: est [[animus]] [[tibi]], sunt [[mores]] et [[lingua]] fidesque, Hor. – im üblen Sinne = Geschwätzigkeit, poenam linguā commeruisse, Ov. [[met]]. 5, 551. – u. = Ruhmredigkeit, materna, Ov. [[met]]. 4, 670. – u. = [[Vermessenheit]], paterna, Ov. [[met]]. 6, 213. – 4) der [[Ton]] der [[Zunge]], der [[Schall]], [[Laut]], [[Gesang]], linguae volucrum, Verg. Aen. 3, 361 u. 10, 177. – II) übtr.: 1) v. [[Pflanzen]], a) = [[lingulaca]] (w. s.), Plin. 24, 170. – b) [[lingua]] bubula, die Ochsenzunge, [[Cato]] r. r. 40, 4. Plin. 17, 112. – c) [[lingua]] [[canina]], die Hundszunge (griech. [[κυνόγλωσσος]] od. -ον), wahrsch. Cynoglossum officinale (L.), Cels. 5, 27, 18: [[auch]] [[lingua]] [[canis]] u. [[lingua]] Macedonica [[gen]]., Ps. Apul. [[herb]]. 96. – 2) ([[wie]] [[γλῶσσα]]), die [[Erdzunge]], [[Landzunge]] (vgl. Paul. ex [[Fest]]. 121, 5), Pacuv. tr. 94. Liv. 44, 11, 3. Lucan. 2, 614: v. den [[drei]] Spitzen Siziliens, [[tribus]] [[haec]] excurrit in aequora linguis, Ov. [[met]]. 13, 724 R. ([[Korn]] u. Merkel pinnis). – 3) das kurze [[Ende]] [[des]] Hebels, Vitr. 10, 3, 2 (§ 3 [[lingula]] [[gen]].). – 4) das [[Zünglein]] an der [[Wage]], Schol. Pers. 1, 6. – 5) der Kehldeckel, Cels. 4, 1. p. 120, 18 D.
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