View source for τάφρος

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=τάφρος
|Medium diacritics=τάφρος
|Low diacritics=τάφρος
|Capitals=ΤΑΦΡΟΣ
|Transliteration A=táphros
|Transliteration B=taphros
|Transliteration C=tafros
|Beta Code=ta/fros
|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">ditch, trench</b>, freq. in Il. (once in <span class="bibl">Od., 21.120</span>); τάφρον ὀρύξομεν <span class="bibl">Il.7.341</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>12.94.21,34, <span class="bibl">Th.2.78</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν</b> drew a <b class="b2">trench</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.7.449</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Alcid.<span class="title">Od.</span>5</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τάφρων ὕπερ</b> over the <b class="b2">trenches</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1279</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.37.3</span>, al., <span class="title">OGI</span>90.24 (Rosetta, ii B.C.); <b class="b2">irrigation-ditch</b>, <span class="bibl">PHal.1.97</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>6.597.5</span> (both iii B.C.): it is sts. found as masc. in codd., e.g. <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span> 99.43</span> (cod. V), <span class="bibl">D.S.22.10.5</span>; but <b class="b3">βαθύν</b> is Ep. for <b class="b3">βαθεῖαν</b> in <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span> 37</span>: Dor. τράφος <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.130, 2.51.</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1075.png Seite 1075]] ἡ, der <b class="b2">Graben</b>, Hom. u. Folgde; τάφρον ὀρύσσειν, Il. 7, 341. 440; τάφρον ἤλασαν, 449. 9, 349; Soph. Ai. 1258; Eur. oft, auch τύμβου τάφρον ἐς κοίλην, Hec. 900; διαπηδᾶν τάφρον, Ar. Ach. 1141; u. in Prosa, Plat. Euthyphr. 4 c Critia. 118 c, u. Folgde überall; – Callim. soll das Wort auch als masc. gebraucht haben, wie es auch Alcidam. u. Apollod. 1, 8, 1 hat. – Es hängt mit [[θάπτω]], [[τάφος]], wie im Deutschen Grab u. Graben zusammen.
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{{ls
|lstext='''τάφρος''': ἡ, (ἴδε [[θάπτω]]), ὡς καὶ νῦν, χάνδαξ, [[ὄρυγμα]], κοινῶς «χανδάκι», [[συχν]]. παρ’ Ὁμήρ. ([[μάλιστα]] ἐν Ἰλ.)· τάφρον ὀρύσσειν Ἰλ. Η. 341, κτλ.· τ. ἐλαύνειν, ὀρύσσειν τάφρον εἰς [[μῆκος]], [[αὐτόθι]] 450· οὕτω παρ’ Ἡροδ. 4. 3, καὶ τοῖς Ἀττ.· τάφρων ὕπερ, [[ὑπεράνω]] τῶν τάφρων, Σοφ. Αἴ. 1279· - τινὲς ἐκ τῶν [[λίαν]] μεταγενεστέρων συγγραφέων ἔχουσι τὴν λέξιν ὡς ἀρσ. γένους καὶ [[οὕτως]] εὑρίσκεται ἔν τινι Ἀντιγράφῳ τοῦ Ἀλκιδάμ. 184. 28· ἀλλὰ παρὰ Καλλ. εἰς Δῆλ. 37, βαθύν ἥλαο τάφρον, τὸ βαθὺν κεῖται Ἐπικῶς ἀντὶ βαθεῖαν, ὡς γίνεται [[συχνάκις]] ἐπὶ τοιούτων λέξεων. Ὁ παρὰ τοῖς νεωτέροις Ἕλλησι [[τύπος]] [[τράφος]] ἀπαντᾷ ἐν τοῖς Ἡρακλεωτ. Πίναι (Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 5774. 130., 5775. 51).
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