κημός: Difference between revisions

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αἰθὴρ δ᾽ ἐλαφραῖς πτερύγων ῥιπαῖς ὑποσυρίζει (Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 126) → The bright air fanned | whistles and shrills with rapid beat of wings.

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|Transliteration C=kimos
|Transliteration C=kimos
|Beta Code=khmo/s
|Beta Code=khmo/s
|Definition=(Dor. κᾱμός, cf. [[εὐκᾱμία]]), ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[muzzle]], put on a led horse, to prevent it from biting, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>5.3</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>6.246 (Phld. or Marc. Arg.): pl., cj.in <span class="bibl">Ph.1.698</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">κημοὺς στόματος</b> [[muzzles]] or [[gags]], <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Fr.</span>125</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">nose-bag</b> for horses, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[cloth]] used by bakers [[to cover the nose and mouth]], <span class="bibl">Ath.12.548c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> = [[φορβειά]], Phot. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">wicker vessel like an eel-basket</b>, for fishing, [[weel]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>504</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">funnel-shaped top</b> of the voting-urn, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1150</span> (lyr., et ibi Sch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>99</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> a <b class="b2">female ornament</b>, Hsch., Phot.</span>
|Definition=(Dor. κᾱμός, cf. [[εὐκᾱμία]]), ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[muzzle]], put on a led horse, to prevent it from biting, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>5.3</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>6.246 (Phld. or Marc. Arg.): pl., cj.in <span class="bibl">Ph.1.698</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">κημοὺς στόματος</b> [[muzzles]] or [[gags]], <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Fr.</span>125</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">nose-bag</b> for horses, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[cloth]] used by bakers [[to cover the nose and mouth]], <span class="bibl">Ath.12.548c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> = [[φορβειά]], Phot. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">wicker vessel like an eel-basket</b>, for fishing, [[weel]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>504</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">funnel-shaped top</b> of the voting-urn, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1150</span> (lyr., et ibi Sch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>99</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> a [[female ornament]], Hsch., Phot.</span>
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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">muzzle, wicker top of the voting urn, vessel for fishing, cover for nose and mouth etc.</b> (A., S., Ar., X.; on the meaning Schenkl WuS 5, 172ff.).<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">καμός</b><br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">εὑκαμία ἡσυχία</b>, <b class="b3">ἤτοι εὑφημία</b> (EM, H.), as from <b class="b3">*εὔ-καμος</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κημόω</b> <b class="b2">put on a muzzle, tie up a mouth</b> (X., 1 Ep. Kor. 9, 9, sch.) with <b class="b3">κήμωσις φίμωσις</b> H.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. The formally possible connection with Arm. [[k]][[amem]] <b class="b2">press (out)</b> (Petersson KZ 47, 284) is hard to combine with the further prob. basic meaning [[wicker]]. The same holds for wods from a Balto-Slavic and Germanic group with the meaning <b class="b2">press (together) etc.</b>, which also differs in the vowel, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">kãmanos</b> pl. <b class="b2">harness with bit</b>, Russ. [[kom]] [[clump]], MHG [[hemmen]], [[hamen]] [[hold up]], [[bind]], [[hemmen]] etc. etc. (Pok. 555, Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">kãmanos</b>, Vasmer s. [[kom]]). Lat. [[quālum]] <b class="b2">wicker basket</b> (Prellwitz1) has a diff. initial, s. W.-Hofmann s. v. Specht Ursprung 263 n. 4 to <b class="b3">χάβος</b> [[muzzle]] (sch.Ar.Eq. 1147). Diff. Wood ClassPhil. 21, 341 (to OHG [[hamo]] [[cover]] etc.). - From Dor. <b class="b3">καμός</b> came Lat. [[cāmus]] [[muzzle]], from <b class="b3">κημός</b> Osman. Arab. <b class="b2">ǵem</b> <b class="b2">bit, mouth-piece of the harness, bridle</b>, from where NGr. <b class="b3">τὸ γέμι</b> [[bridle]] (Maidhof Glotta 10, 9). - The connection with <b class="b3">χάβος</b> is of course blameless; it points to <b class="b3">μ</b> \/ <b class="b3">β</b> in Pre-Greek (Fur. 203-227); Fur. 220 who cites <b class="b3">χαβός</b> - <b class="b3">χαμός</b> (s.v.) both adjectives; Furnée seems to suggest that these words are the same as our word (where he is clearly following Frisk's presentation), which is clearly wrong; also he is incomplete as he does not cite <b class="b3">κημός</b>.<br />See also: - S. auch [[κῶμος]], [[κώμυς]].
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">muzzle, wicker top of the voting urn, vessel for fishing, cover for nose and mouth etc.</b> (A., S., Ar., X.; on the meaning Schenkl WuS 5, 172ff.).<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">καμός</b><br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">εὑκαμία ἡσυχία</b>, <b class="b3">ἤτοι εὑφημία</b> (EM, H.), as from <b class="b3">*εὔ-καμος</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κημόω</b> <b class="b2">put on a muzzle, tie up a mouth</b> (X., 1 Ep. Kor. 9, 9, sch.) with <b class="b3">κήμωσις φίμωσις</b> H.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. The formally possible connection with Arm. [[k]][[amem]] <b class="b2">press (out)</b> (Petersson KZ 47, 284) is hard to combine with the further prob. basic meaning [[wicker]]. The same holds for wods from a Balto-Slavic and Germanic group with the meaning <b class="b2">press (together) etc.</b>, which also differs in the vowel, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">kãmanos</b> pl. <b class="b2">harness with bit</b>, Russ. [[kom]] [[clump]], MHG [[hemmen]], [[hamen]] [[hold up]], [[bind]], [[hemmen]] etc. etc. (Pok. 555, Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">kãmanos</b>, Vasmer s. [[kom]]). Lat. [[quālum]] [[wicker basket]] (Prellwitz1) has a diff. initial, s. W.-Hofmann s. v. Specht Ursprung 263 n. 4 to <b class="b3">χάβος</b> [[muzzle]] (sch.Ar.Eq. 1147). Diff. Wood ClassPhil. 21, 341 (to OHG [[hamo]] [[cover]] etc.). - From Dor. <b class="b3">καμός</b> came Lat. [[cāmus]] [[muzzle]], from <b class="b3">κημός</b> Osman. Arab. <b class="b2">ǵem</b> <b class="b2">bit, mouth-piece of the harness, bridle</b>, from where NGr. <b class="b3">τὸ γέμι</b> [[bridle]] (Maidhof Glotta 10, 9). - The connection with <b class="b3">χάβος</b> is of course blameless; it points to <b class="b3">μ</b> \/ <b class="b3">β</b> in Pre-Greek (Fur. 203-227); Fur. 220 who cites <b class="b3">χαβός</b> - <b class="b3">χαμός</b> (s.v.) both adjectives; Furnée seems to suggest that these words are the same as our word (where he is clearly following Frisk's presentation), which is clearly wrong; also he is incomplete as he does not cite <b class="b3">κημός</b>.<br />See also: - S. auch [[κῶμος]], [[κώμυς]].
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Revision as of 21:38, 30 June 2020

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: κημός Medium diacritics: κημός Low diacritics: κημός Capitals: ΚΗΜΟΣ
Transliteration A: kēmós Transliteration B: kēmos Transliteration C: kimos Beta Code: khmo/s

English (LSJ)

(Dor. κᾱμός, cf. εὐκᾱμία), ὁ,

   A muzzle, put on a led horse, to prevent it from biting, X.Eq.5.3, AP6.246 (Phld. or Marc. Arg.): pl., cj.in Ph.1.698: metaph., κημοὺς στόματος muzzles or gags, A. Fr.125.    2 nose-bag for horses, Hsch.    3 cloth used by bakers to cover the nose and mouth, Ath.12.548c.    4 = φορβειά, Phot.    II wicker vessel like an eel-basket, for fishing, weel, S.Fr.504.    2 funnel-shaped top of the voting-urn, Ar.Eq.1150 (lyr., et ibi Sch.), V.99, al.    III a female ornament, Hsch., Phot.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1431] ὁ (χαω), ein Maulkorb, der dem Pferde angelegt wird, wenn es am Zügel geführt wird, damit es nicht beißen kann, Xen. de re equ. 5, 3 (s. κημόω); φιλοῤῥώθων Philodem. 27 (VI, 246); ἱππαστήρ Antp. Sid. 87 (VII, 424); στόματος Aesch. fr. 108; auch bei Menschen, Ath. XII, 548 c, wo der Knetende beim Bereiten des Teiges einen solchen hat, ein Tuch, λινοῦν περάβλημα Eust. 1960, 4. – Ein geflochtenes Körbchen, nach Hesych. der Deckel der Urne, in welche die Stimmsteinchen geworfen wurden; Schol. Ar. Equ. 1147 u. B. A. 275; nach Phot. aber πλέγμα κωνοειδές, δι' οὗ καθιᾶσιν οἱ δικασταὶ τὴν ψῆφον εἰς τὸν κάδον; Ar. Vesp. 754. – Nach Hesych. auch eine Art Fischerreuse, ἐν ᾡ λαμβάνουσι τὰς πορφύρας, aus Soph. frg. 438. – Nach Hesych. ein Frauenschmuck. – Andere Bedeutungen s. noch Phot. lex.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κημός: ὁ, πλέγμαφίμωτρον τιθέμενον περὶ τὸ στόμα ἵππου ὅπως μὴ δάκνῃ, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 5, 3, Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 246· ὡσαύτως, σάκκος κρεμάμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐχένος τοῦ ἵππου εἰς ὃν τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ εἰσέρχεται ἵνα τρώγῃ ἐξ αὐτοῦ, Ἡσύχ.· μεταφ. κημοὺς στόματος, φίμωτρα, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀποσπ. 124. 2) ὕφασμά τι ἐν χρήσει παρὰ τοῖς ἀρτοποιοῖς καλύπτον ῥῖνα καὶ στόμα, Ἀθην. 548C. 3).= φορβειά, Φώτ. ΙΙ. «πλεκτὸν ἀγγεῖον, ἐν ᾧ λαμβάνουσι τὰς πορφύρας, ἔστιν δὲ ὅμοιον ἠθμῷ καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ τὸ δέλεαρ» Ἡσύχ., Λατ. nassa, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 449b. 2) τὸ ἐν εἴδει χωνίου ἀνώτατον μέρος τῆς κάλπης (κάδος, καδίσκος) ἐν τοῖς Ἀθηναϊκῆς δικαστηρίοις, δι’ οὗ αἱ ψῆφοι ἐρρίπτοντο (πρβλ. κηθίς), Ἀριστοφ. Ἱππ. 1147 (καὶ αυτόθι Σχολ.) Σφ. 99, 754, 1339· ἰδὲ Scott on the Athen. Ballot, σελ. 8, 10 (Ὀξφόρδ. 1838). ΙΙΙ. κόσμημά τι γυναικεῖον, Φώτ., Ἡσύχ.

French (Bailly abrégé)

οῦ (ὁ) :
1 muselière;
2 couvercle d’osier en forme d’entonnoir pour l’urne où les juges déposaient leurs suffrages.
Étymologie: DELG t. techn. sans explication.

Greek Monolingual

ο (ΑΜ κημός, Α δωρ. τ. καμός)
νεοελλ.
σιδερένιο ημικυκλικό έλασμα που εφαρμόζεται στη μύτη τών ατίθασων αλόγων κατά την εξάσκηση τους
μσν.
καπίστρι
αρχ.
1. φίμωτρο που τοποθετούσαν γύρω από το στόμα του αλόγου για να μη δαγκώνει («εἰδέναι δὲ χρὴ τὸν ἱπποκόμον καὶ τὸν κημόν περιτιθέναι τῷ ἵππῳ», Ξεν.)
2. σάκος με τροφή που κρέμεται από τον αυχένα του αλόγου και στον οποίο είναι χωμένο το ρύγχος του για να τρώγει
3. ψάθινο ή πλεκτό σκεύος χρήσιμο για το ψάρεμα της πορφύρας
4. το ανώτατο μέρος της κάλπης, που είχε σχήμα χωνιού και μέσα από το οποίο ρίχνονταν οι ψήφοι τών δικαστών
5. γυναικείο κόσμημα
6. ύφασμα που χρησιμοποιούσαν οι αρτοποιοί για να καλύπτουν τη μύτη και το στόμα κατά την εργασία τους.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Αβέβαιης ετυμολ. Συνδέεται πιθ. με αρμεν. k'amem «πιέζω» καθώς και με λιθουαν. kāmanos «χαλινάρια», μέσ. άνω γερμ. hemmen, hamen «σταματώ, αναστέλλω, δένω». Τη λ. δανείστηκε η λατ. με τη μορφή cāmus (πρβλ. δωρ. τ. κᾱμός), όπως και η αραβ. με τη μορφή ǵem (πρβλ. γκέμι)].

Greek Monotonic

κημός: ὁ, φίμωτρο, που βάζεται σε άλογο, σε Ξεν., Ανθ.
II. το ανώτατο μέρος της κάλπης στα Αθηναϊκά δικαστήρια που έμοιαζε με χωνί (κάδος, καδίσκος), μέσω του οποίου ρίχνονταν οι ψήφοι (ψῆφοι), σε Αριστοφ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

κημός:
1) (тж. κ. στόματος Aesch.) (конский) намордник Xen., Anth.;
2) рыболовная верша Soph.;
3) (конический) верх урны (для опускания судейских голосов) Arph., Arst.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

κημός -οῦ, ὁ muilband. deksel (van stemurn).

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: muzzle, wicker top of the voting urn, vessel for fishing, cover for nose and mouth etc. (A., S., Ar., X.; on the meaning Schenkl WuS 5, 172ff.).
Dialectal forms: Dor. καμός
Compounds: As 2. member in εὑκαμία ἡσυχία, ἤτοι εὑφημία (EM, H.), as from *εὔ-καμος.
Derivatives: κημόω put on a muzzle, tie up a mouth (X., 1 Ep. Kor. 9, 9, sch.) with κήμωσις φίμωσις H.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Unexplained. The formally possible connection with Arm. kamem press (out) (Petersson KZ 47, 284) is hard to combine with the further prob. basic meaning wicker. The same holds for wods from a Balto-Slavic and Germanic group with the meaning press (together) etc., which also differs in the vowel, e. g. Lith. kãmanos pl. harness with bit, Russ. kom clump, MHG hemmen, hamen hold up, bind, hemmen etc. etc. (Pok. 555, Fraenkel s. kãmanos, Vasmer s. kom). Lat. quālum wicker basket (Prellwitz1) has a diff. initial, s. W.-Hofmann s. v. Specht Ursprung 263 n. 4 to χάβος muzzle (sch.Ar.Eq. 1147). Diff. Wood ClassPhil. 21, 341 (to OHG hamo cover etc.). - From Dor. καμός came Lat. cāmus muzzle, from κημός Osman. Arab. ǵem bit, mouth-piece of the harness, bridle, from where NGr. τὸ γέμι bridle (Maidhof Glotta 10, 9). - The connection with χάβος is of course blameless; it points to μ \/ β in Pre-Greek (Fur. 203-227); Fur. 220 who cites χαβός - χαμός (s.v.) both adjectives; Furnée seems to suggest that these words are the same as our word (where he is clearly following Frisk's presentation), which is clearly wrong; also he is incomplete as he does not cite κημός.
See also: - S. auch κῶμος, κώμυς.

Middle Liddell

κημός, οῦ,
I. a muzzle, put on a led horse, Xen., Anth.
II. the funnel-shaped top to the voting urn (κάδος, καδίσκοσ) in the Athen. law-courts, through which the ballots (ψῆφοἰ were dropt, Ar.

Frisk Etymology German

κημός: {kēmós}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Maulkorb, geflochtener Deckel der Stimmurne, Fischreuse, Mundbinde (A., S., Ar., X. u. a.; zur Bedeutung Schenkl WuS 5, 172ff.).
Derivative: Davon κημόω einen Maulkorb anlegen, das Maul verbinden (X., 1 Ep. Kor. 9, 9, Sch.) mit κήμωσις· φίμωσις H. Als Hinterglied in εὐκαμία· ἡσυχία, ἤτοι εὐφημία (EM, H.), wie von *εὔκαμος.
Etymology : Unerklärt. Die formal gewiß mögliche Anknüpfung an arm. kamem drücken, pressen, auspressen (Petersson KZ 47, 284) ist mit der sonst naheliegenden Grundbedeutung Flechtwerk schwer vereinbar. Dasselbe gilt von der Heranziehung einer im Baltisch-Slavischen und Germanischen stark vertretenen, z.T. ziemlich bunten Wortsippe der Bedeutung zusammendrücken, pressen, zusammenballen, die außerdem im Vokal abweicht, z. B. lit. kãmanos pl. Zaumzeug mit Gebiß, russ. kom Klumpen, mhd. hemmen, hamen ‘aufhalten, binden, hemmen’ usw. usw. (WP. 1, 388f., Pok. 555, Fraenkel s. kãmanos, Vasmer s. kom). Lat. quālum geflochtener Korb (Prellwitz1) weicht anderseits im Anlaut ab, s. WP. 1, 507, W.-Hofmann s. v. Nicht mit Specht Ursprung 263 A. 4 zu χάβος Maulkorb (Sch.). Noch anders Wood ClassPhil. 21, 341 (zu ahd. hamo Hülle usw.). — Aus dor. *καμός stammt lat. cāmus Maulkorb, Beißkorb, aus κημός osman. arab. ĝem Gebiß, Mundstück des Zaumes, Zaum, Zügel, wovon ngr. τὸ γέμι Zügel, Zaum (Maidhof Glotta 10, 9). — S. auch κῶμος, κώμυς.
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