ταράσσω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.63</span>, etc.; Att. ταράττω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>902</span>; also θράσσω (q.v.): fut. [[ταράξω]] ib.<span class="bibl">358</span>, etc.: aor. <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐτάραξα <span class="bibl">Od.5.291</span>, (συν-) <span class="bibl">Il.1.579</span>, <span class="bibl">8.86</span>: plpf. συν-ετεταράχει <span class="bibl">D.C.42.36</span>: Ep. pf. in pass. sense [[τέτρηχα]] (v. infr. ''III''):—Pass., fut. ταραχθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Men.858</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Epict.<span class="title">Ench.</span>3</span>, etc.; Med. [[ταράξομαι]] in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">Th.7.36</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.43</span>: aor. ἐταράχθην <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>386</span> (anap.), etc.: pf. [[τετάραγμαι]] ib.<span class="bibl">388</span> (anap.), etc.:—[[stir]], [[trouble]], in a physical sense, <b class="b3">σύναγεν νεφέλας ἐτάραξε δὲ πόντον [Ποσειδῶν</b>] <span class="bibl">Od.5.291</span>; κύμασιν ταράσσεται πόντος <span class="bibl">Archil.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sol.54</span>; τ. πέλαγος ἁλός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>88</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">692</span>; ὁμοῦ τ. τήν τε γῆν καὶ τὴν θάλατταν εἰκῇ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>431</span>; τ. καὶ κυκᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>688</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span>251</span> (troch.); <b class="b3">οὐ χθόνα ταράσσοντες</b> [[troubling]] not the earth (by ploughing), Pi. l.c.; βροντήμασι . . κυκάτω πάντα καὶ ταρασσέτω <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>994</span>; <b class="b3">τ. φάρμακον</b> perh. [[mix]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Lex.</span>4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Amips. 18</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">φωνὰν ταρασσέμεν</b> [[to wag]] the tongue, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.42</span>; <b class="b3">πάντα τ</b>., of a speaker, [[jumble up]], <span class="bibl">D.19.93</span>; τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων διδασκαλίαν Gal.15.185. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[trouble]] the mind, [[agitate]], [[disturb]], με δεινὸς ὀρθομαντείας πόνος στροβεῖ ταράσσων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1216</span>; [[δεινὰ]] (adverbial) <b class="b3">τ. [με</b>] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>483</span> (lyr.); ὅταν ταράξῃ Κύπρις ἡβῶσαν φρένα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>969</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>1079.4</span>; Νικίαν ταράξω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>358</span> (troch.); τ. καρδίαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1321</span>; esp. of fear, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>289</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>66</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἄν τις φόβος τ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.4.6</span>; τὸ σῶμα τ. τὴν ψυχήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span> 66a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">103c</span>; so τ. γλῶσσαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1542</span>: abs., [[cause confusion]], <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>564b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hp.Mi.</span>373b</span>:—Pass., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100d</span>, etc.; περί τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sph.</span> 242c</span>; διά τι <span class="bibl">D.4.3</span>; ταράσσομαι φρένας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1095</span>; <b class="b3">ὄμμα σὸν τ</b>. <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Or.</span>253</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of an army, etc., [[throw into disorder]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.125</span>, <span class="bibl">9.51</span>, etc.; ἐτάρασσον τοὺς ταρσοὺς τῶν κωπέων <span class="bibl">Id.8.12</span>:—Pass., to [[be in disorder]], <span class="bibl">Id.4.125</span>,<span class="bibl">129</span>, <span class="bibl">8.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.27</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[rout]] or [[upset]], <b class="b3">κριτήριον τ</b>. Demetr.Lac.<span class="title">Herc.</span>1012.38 (perh. variant of <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.</span> 24</span>):—Pass., λόγου ταραχθέντος Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.136 S.; εἰ τὰ σημεῖα ταραχθείη Gal.6.262. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τ. τὴν γαστέρα</b> [[cause relaxation of]] the bowels, of purges, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Mul.</span>12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Acut.</span>56</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 864b23</span>, Gal.15.667:—Pass., ἐταράχθης τὴν γαστέρα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>386</span> (anap.); τὸ πνεῦμα Gal.15.903; more generally, τεταραγμένον σῶμα <span class="bibl">Sor.1.105</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> freq. of political agitation, τ. τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 867</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ πράγματα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">214</span>:—Pass., to [[be in a state of disorder]] or [[anarchy]], <b class="b3">ἐν ἀλλήλοις τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.2.65</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.2.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>164</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">ταράττεσθαι ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων</b> <b class="b2">to be shaken in one's seat</b> on horseback, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> Math., <b class="b3">τεταραγμένη ἀναλογία</b> [[disturbed]] proportion, <span class="bibl">Euc.5</span><span class="title">Def.</span>18, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>2.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[stir up]], metaph., <b class="b3">τ. νεῖκος, πόλεμον</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>794</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>567a</span>; φόνον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span> 797</span>; ἡλίκα πράγματα ταράξασα <span class="bibl">D.18.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.10.9</span>; τ. δίκας τινὶ πρός τινας <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Them.</span>5</span>:—Pass., πόλεμος ἐταράχθη <span class="bibl">D.18.151</span>; γόος . . ταραχθείς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>331</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> exc. in the places mentioned, Hom. uses only intr. pf. [[τέτρηχα]], to [[be in disorder]] or [[confusion]], [[be in an uproar]], τετρήχει δ' ἀγορή <span class="bibl">Il.2.95</span>; ἀγορὴ τετρηχυῖα <span class="bibl">7.346</span>; so τετρηχυῖα θάλασσα <span class="title">AP</span>7.283 (Leon.); τετρηχότος οἴδματος <span class="bibl">A.R.1.1167</span>; τετρηχότα βῶλον <span class="bibl">Id.3.1393</span>; τετρηχότι νώτῳ <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>267</span>; but <b class="b3">ἐκ σέθεν . . ἄλγεα . . τετρήχασι</b> [[cruel]] woes [[arise]], <span class="bibl">A.R. 4.447</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.276</span>, Philet.7; in <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>72</span> <b class="b3">τετρήχοντα κλήματα</b> is f.l. for [[δὲ τρήχοντα]]. (Alexandrine and later Poets seem to have thought erroneously that [[τέτρηχα]] = to [[be rough]] (cf. [[τραχύς]]).) ([[ταράχψω]] from <b class="b3">ταραχ-ή, τάραχ-ος</b> and these from <b class="b3">*θᾰρᾰχ-</b>: cogn. with [[θράσσω]] from <b class="b3">θρᾱχ-yω</b> of which the Ion. pf. is [[τέτρηχα]].)</span>