λαιός: Difference between revisions

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ἀλεξίκακε τρισέληνε, μηδέποθ' ἡττηθείς, σήμερον ἐξετάθης → averter of woes, offspring of three nights, thou, who never didst suffer defeat, art to-day laid low

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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[left]], <b class="b3">ἡ λαιά</b> <b class="b2">the left (hand)</b> (Tyrt., A.);<br />Derivatives: Diminut. (context unknown) <b class="b3">λαίδιον ἀριστερόν</b>, [[εὑώνυμον]] H.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [652] <b class="b2">*leh₂iu̯o-</b> [[left]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[left]], identical with Lat. [[laevus]], Slav., e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lěvъ</b>, Russ. <b class="b2">lévyj</b> ; IE. <b class="b2">*lai̯u̯os = *leh₂i-uo-?</b>; on the phonetics Schwyzer 266 a. 314, on the <b class="b2">u̯o-</b>suffix ibd. 472 and Chantraine Form. 122f. Substantivized is [[λαίβα]] (= [[λαίϜα]]) [[ἀσπίς]], [[πέλτη]] H.; prop. "what is worn in the left"(?). Here also Illyr. PN [[Laevicus]], [[Levo]] (Krahe Spr. d. Illyr. 1, 55). - Hypothesis on a basic meaning [[crooked]] and further suggestions for connections, all quite hypothetic or arbitrary, in WP. 2, 378 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[laevus]]; also Huisman KZ 71, 104 (to [[λαιμός]], [[λαῖτμα]]; IE. <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [[towards below]], [[askew]], but this is phonetically impossible). On spread and use of [[λαιός]], [[σκαιός]], [[ἀριστερός]] Chantraine <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 61 ff. - Fur. 339 compares <b class="b3">λαφός ὁ ἀριστερᾳ̃ χειρὶ χρώμενος Η</b>.; but Lat. laevus can hardly be separated from the word.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">a kind of thrush, `Petrocichla (cyanus, saxatilis)</b>.<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Perh. from [[λᾶας]] [[stone]], cf. NGr. <b class="b3">πετρο-κόσσυφος</b> [[thrush]]; see Thompson Birds s. v. -
|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[left]], <b class="b3">ἡ λαιά</b> <b class="b2">the left (hand)</b> (Tyrt., A.);<br />Derivatives: Diminut. (context unknown) <b class="b3">λαίδιον ἀριστερόν</b>, [[εὑώνυμον]] H.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [652] <b class="b2">*leh₂iu̯o-</b> [[left]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[left]], identical with Lat. [[laevus]], Slav., e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lěvъ</b>, Russ. <b class="b2">lévyj</b>; IE. <b class="b2">*lai̯u̯os = *leh₂i-uo-?</b>; on the phonetics Schwyzer 266 a. 314, on the <b class="b2">u̯o-</b>suffix ibd. 472 and Chantraine Form. 122f. Substantivized is [[λαίβα]] (= [[λαίϜα]]) [[ἀσπίς]], [[πέλτη]] H.; prop. "what is worn in the left"(?). Here also Illyr. PN [[Laevicus]], [[Levo]] (Krahe Spr. d. Illyr. 1, 55). - Hypothesis on a basic meaning [[crooked]] and further suggestions for connections, all quite hypothetic or arbitrary, in WP. 2, 378 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[laevus]]; also Huisman KZ 71, 104 (to [[λαιμός]], [[λαῖτμα]]; IE. <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [[towards below]], [[askew]], but this is phonetically impossible). On spread and use of [[λαιός]], [[σκαιός]], [[ἀριστερός]] Chantraine <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 61 ff. - Fur. 339 compares <b class="b3">λαφός ὁ ἀριστερᾳ̃ χειρὶ χρώμενος Η</b>.; but Lat. laevus can hardly be separated from the word.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">a kind of thrush, `Petrocichla (cyanus, saxatilis)</b>.<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Perh. from [[λᾶας]] [[stone]], cf. NGr. <b class="b3">πετρο-κόσσυφος</b> [[thrush]]; see Thompson Birds s. v. -
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{{mdlsj
{{mdlsj

Revision as of 08:45, 23 May 2021

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: λαιός Medium diacritics: λαιός Low diacritics: λαιός Capitals: ΛΑΙΟΣ
Transliteration A: laiós Transliteration B: laios Transliteration C: laios Beta Code: laio/s

English (LSJ)

(A), ὁ, a kind of thrush, prob. the A blue thrush, Petrocichla cyanus, Arist.HA617a15, Ant.Lib.19.3.
λαιός (B), ά, όν, A left, λαιᾷ μὲν ἴτυν προβάλεσθε (sc. χειρί) Tyrt.15.3; λαιᾶς χειρός on the left hand, A.Pr.714; πρὸς λαιᾷ χερί E.HF159; λαιοῖσι on the left, Parm.17; ἐπὶ λαιὰ κεκλιμένον Arat.160, cf. Heliod. ap.Stob.4.36.8; οἱ τὸ λ. ἔχοντες (sc. μέρος) D.S.13.99; ἐς λαιὰν ἐσιόντων χῆρα (Dor.) IG14.1721.3; τῇ λαιᾷ τοῦ δεξιοῦ λαβόμενος κέρως Philostr.Jun.Im.4. (Poet., but not in Hom., who uses ἀριστερός: also in later Prose, τὰ διδόμενα τῇ δεξιᾷ δέχεσθαι τῇ λαιᾷ χειρί Prov. ap.Plb.38.10.9, cf. Jul.Or.2.57d, etc.) (Orig. λαιϝός, cf. Lat.laevus, Slav. lèvǔ: in Hsch. we have λαίβα, i.e. λαίϝα, = ἀσπίς, because borne on the left arm; cf. λαῖφα, λαῖτα, λαφός.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 7] laevus, links, λαιᾶς δὲ χειρός, linker Hand, Aesch. Prom. 716; λαιᾷ χερί, Eur. Herc. Fur. 159; κέρας, Suppl. 705; sp. D. In Prosa erst bei Sp., wie Hdn. 4, 2, 5. Vgl. ἀριστερός u. εὐώνυμος.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

λαιός: ὁ, εἶδος κίχλης, ἴσως ἡ Turdus torquatus, Ἀριστ. π. Ζ. Ἱστ. 9. 19, Ἀντ. Λιβερ. 19.

French (Bailly abrégé)

1ά, όν :
gauche, situé à gauche.
Étymologie: p. λαιϜός, cf. lat. laevus.
2οῦ (ὁ) :
grive oiseau, ou sorte de merle vivant dans les pierres.
Étymologie: λᾶας.

Greek Monolingual

(I)
λαιός, ὁ (Α)
το πουλί πετροκότσυφας («τούτων ὅμοιος τῷ μέλανι κοττύφῳ ἐστὶ λαιός», Αριστοτ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. συνδέεται πιθ. με τη λ. λᾶας «λίθος», πρβλ. πετρο-κόσσυφος.
(II)
λαιός, -ά, -όν (Α)
αριστερός, ζερβός («τὰ. διδόμενα τῇ δεξιᾷ δέχεσθαι τῇ λαιᾷ χειρί» — όσα δίνεις με το δεξί να τά παίρνεις με το αριστερό χέρι, Πολ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Ο τ. lai-fos ανάγεται στην ΙΕ ρίζα lai-wo- «αριστερός» και συνδέεται με λατ. laevus «αριστερός», αρχ. σλαβ. lě, ρωσ. levyj].

Greek Monotonic

λαιός: -ά, -όν, Λατ. laevus, αριστερός, λαῖας χειρός, στο αριστερό χέρι, σε Αισχύλ.· πρὸς λαιᾷ χερί, σε Ευρ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

λαιός: (= ἀριστερὁς и εὐώνυμος) левый (χείρ Aesch.; κερας Eur.).
I ὁ Arst. v. l. = λάϊος.

Frisk Etymological English

1.
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: left, ἡ λαιά the left (hand) (Tyrt., A.);
Derivatives: Diminut. (context unknown) λαίδιον ἀριστερόν, εὑώνυμον H.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [652] *leh₂iu̯o- left
Etymology: Old word for left, identical with Lat. laevus, Slav., e. g. OCS lěvъ, Russ. lévyj; IE. *lai̯u̯os = *leh₂i-uo-?; on the phonetics Schwyzer 266 a. 314, on the u̯o-suffix ibd. 472 and Chantraine Form. 122f. Substantivized is λαίβα (= λαίϜα) ἀσπίς, πέλτη H.; prop. "what is worn in the left"(?). Here also Illyr. PN Laevicus, Levo (Krahe Spr. d. Illyr. 1, 55). - Hypothesis on a basic meaning crooked and further suggestions for connections, all quite hypothetic or arbitrary, in WP. 2, 378 f., W.-Hofmann s. laevus; also Huisman KZ 71, 104 (to λαιμός, λαῖτμα; IE. *lei- towards below, askew, but this is phonetically impossible). On spread and use of λαιός, σκαιός, ἀριστερός Chantraine Μνήμης χάριν 1, 61 ff. - Fur. 339 compares λαφός ὁ ἀριστερᾳ̃ χειρὶ χρώμενος Η.; but Lat. laevus can hardly be separated from the word.
2.
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: a kind of thrush, `Petrocichla (cyanus, saxatilis).
Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]X [probably]
Etymology: Perh. from λᾶας stone, cf. NGr. πετρο-κόσσυφος thrush; see Thompson Birds s. v. -

Middle Liddell

λαιός, ή, όν
Lat. laevus, left, λαιᾶς χειρός on the left hand, Aesch.; πρὸς λαιᾷ χερί Eur.

Frisk Etymology German

λαιός: 1.
{laiós}
Forms: ἡ λαιά die Linke (poet. seit Tyrt., A., sp. Prosa);
Meaning: link,
Derivative: Deminutivum (aus unbekanntem Zusammenhang) λαίδιον· ἀριστερόν, εὐώνυμον H.
Etymology : Altes Wort für link, mit lat. laevus, slav., z. B. aksl. levъ, russ. lévyj identisch; idg. *lai̯u̯os; zum Lautlichen Schwyzer 266 u. 314, zum u̯o- Suffix ebd. 472 und Chantraine Form. 122f. Eine Substantivierung ist λαίβα (= λαίϝα)· ἀσπίς, πέλτη H.; eig. "die in der Linken getragene". Hierher noch illyr. PN wie Laevicus, Levo (Krahe Spr. d. Illyr. 1, 55). — Vermutungen über eine Grundbedeutung gekrümmt und weitere Anknüpfungsversuche, alle ganz hypothetisch oder willkürlich, bei WP. 2, 378 f., W.-Hofmann s. laevus; dazu noch Huisman KZ 71, 104 (zu λαιμός, λαῖτμα; idg. lei- nach unten, schief). Über Verbreitung und Gebrauch von λαιός, σκαιός, ἀριστερός Chantraine Μνήμης χάριν 1, 61 ff.
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2.
{laiós}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: N. einer Drosselart, ‘Petrocichla (cyanus, saxatilis)’.
Etymology : Wohl von λᾶας Stein, vgl. ngr. πετροκόσσυφος Drossel; dazu Thompson Birds s. v.
Page 2,74