ἑταίρα: Difference between revisions
αἰτήσεις ἀκοὐεις σῶν ἱκετῶν· ταχἐως συνδραμεῖς ἀναπαὐων εὐεργετῶν· ἰάματα παρἐχεις, Ἱερἀρχα, τῇ πρὀς Θεὀν παρρησἰᾳ κοσμοὐμενος → You hear the prayers of your suppliants; quickly you come to their assistance, bringing relief and benefits; you provide the remedies, Archbishop, since you are endowed with free access to God.
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|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">1.</b> a [[companion]], Il.; [[φόρμιγξ]], ἣν δαιτὶ θεοὶ ποίησαν ἑταίρην Od.; [[πενία]] [[σφιν]] [[ἑταίρα]] Theocr.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> opp. to a [[lawful]] [[wife]], a [[concubine]], a [[courtesan]], Hdt., [[attic]] | |mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">1.</b> a [[companion]], Il.; [[φόρμιγξ]], ἣν δαιτὶ θεοὶ ποίησαν ἑταίρην Od.; [[πενία]] [[σφιν]] [[ἑταίρα]] Theocr.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> opp. to a [[lawful]] [[wife]], a [[concubine]], a [[courtesan]], Hdt., [[attic]] | ||
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Hetaira /hɪˈtaɪrə/ (plural hetairai (/hɪˈtaɪraɪ/), also hetaera /hɪˈtɪrə/ (plural hetaerae /hɪˈtɪriː/), (Ancient Greek: ἑταίρα, "companion", pl. ἑταῖραι) was a type of prostitute in ancient Greece. | |wketx=Hetaira /hɪˈtaɪrə/ (plural hetairai (/hɪˈtaɪraɪ/), also hetaera /hɪˈtɪrə/ (plural hetaerae /hɪˈtɪriː/), (Ancient Greek: ἑταίρα, "companion", pl. ἑταῖραι) was a type of prostitute in ancient Greece. | ||
Traditionally, historians of ancient Greece have distinguished between hetairai and pornai, another class of prostitute in ancient Greece. In contrast to pornai, who provided sex for a large number of clients in brothels or on the street, hetairai were thought to have had only a few men as clients at any one time, to have had long-term relationships with them, and to have provided companionship and intellectual stimulation as well as sex. For instance, Charles Seltman wrote in 1953 that "hetaeras were certainly in a very different class, often highly educated women". | Traditionally, historians of ancient Greece have distinguished between hetairai and pornai, another class of prostitute in ancient Greece. In contrast to pornai, who provided sex for a large number of clients in brothels or on the street, hetairai were thought to have had only a few men as clients at any one time, to have had long-term relationships with them, and to have provided companionship and intellectual stimulation as well as sex. For instance, Charles Seltman wrote in 1953 that "hetaeras were certainly in a very different class, often highly educated women". | ||
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A third position, advanced by Rebecca Futo Kennedy, suggests that hetairai "were not prostitutes or even courtesans". Instead, she argues, hetairai were "elite women... who participated in sympotic and luxury culture", just as hetairoi – the masculine form of the word – was used to refer to groups of elite men at symposia. | A third position, advanced by Rebecca Futo Kennedy, suggests that hetairai "were not prostitutes or even courtesans". Instead, she argues, hetairai were "elite women... who participated in sympotic and luxury culture", just as hetairoi – the masculine form of the word – was used to refer to groups of elite men at symposia. | ||
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==Wikipedia IT== | ==Wikipedia IT== | ||
Le etère (in greco antico: ἑταίραι), nella società dell'antica Grecia, erano particolari donne di compagnia, per alcuni aspetti assimilabili a cortigiane e prostitute. Si trattava, tuttavia, di sofisticate figure che, oltre a prestazioni sessuali, offrivano compagnia e spesso intrattenevano con i clienti relazioni prolungate. | Le etère (in greco antico: ἑταίραι), nella società dell'antica Grecia, erano particolari donne di compagnia, per alcuni aspetti assimilabili a cortigiane e prostitute. Si trattava, tuttavia, di sofisticate figure che, oltre a prestazioni sessuali, offrivano compagnia e spesso intrattenevano con i clienti relazioni prolungate. |
Revision as of 17:40, 11 October 2022
English (LSJ)
Ion. ἑταίρη, ἡ, v. sub ἑταῖρος II.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1046] ἡ, fem. von ἑταῖρος, ep. auch ἑτάρη, Il. 4, 441, die Genossinn, Freundinn, Il. u. sonst; auch übertr., φόβου ἑταίρη, der Flucht, Il. 9, 2; die Leier heißt δαιτὶ ἑτ., Od. 17, 271. – Bei den Attikern = die Geliebte, Beischläferinn, Ar. u. A.; an sich drückt es keinen Vorwurf aus u. beschimpft nicht, dah. es für die so ganz andern griechischen Verhältnisse am besten durch Hetäre wiedergegeben wird. Vgl. z. B. Antiphan. bei Ath..XIII, 572 e.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ας (ἡ) :
1 compagne, amie de, gén. : fig. φύζα φόβου ἑταίρη (ion.) IL la fuite, compagne de la peur ; φόρμιγξ δαιτὶ ἑταίρη OD la lyre, compagne des festins;
2 maîtresse, courtisane.
Étymologie: fém. de ἑταῖρος.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἑταίρα: эп. тж. ἑτάρη, ион. ἑταίρη ἡ
1) подруга, спутница (Ἔρις, Ἄρεος κασιγνήτη ἑτάρη τε и φόρμιγξ, δαιτὶ ἑ. Hom.; ἑταῖροι καὶ ἑταῖραι Plat.): φύζα φόβου ἑ. Hom. бегство, сопутствующее страху;
2) гетера, любовница Her., Arph., Arst.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἑταίρα: Ἰων. -ρη, ἡ, ἴδε ἑταῖρος ΙΙ.
English (Slater)
ἑταίρα companion ὑμεναίων, ἅλικες οἷα παρθένοι φιλέοισιν ἑταῖραι ἑσπερίαις ὑποκουρίζεσθ' ἀοιδαῖς companions of the bride (P. 3.18) ἐφίλησεν οὔτε δείπνων οἰκουριᾶν μεθ' ἑταιρᾶν τέρψιας (P. 9.19)
Spanish
Greek Monolingual
η
βλ. εταίρος.
Greek Monotonic
ἑταίρα: Ιων. -ρη, ἡ, βλ. ἑταῖρος II.
Middle Liddell
1. a companion, Il.; φόρμιγξ, ἣν δαιτὶ θεοὶ ποίησαν ἑταίρην Od.; πενία σφιν ἑταίρα Theocr.
2. opp. to a lawful wife, a concubine, a courtesan, Hdt., attic
Wikipedia EN
Hetaira /hɪˈtaɪrə/ (plural hetairai (/hɪˈtaɪraɪ/), also hetaera /hɪˈtɪrə/ (plural hetaerae /hɪˈtɪriː/), (Ancient Greek: ἑταίρα, "companion", pl. ἑταῖραι) was a type of prostitute in ancient Greece.
Traditionally, historians of ancient Greece have distinguished between hetairai and pornai, another class of prostitute in ancient Greece. In contrast to pornai, who provided sex for a large number of clients in brothels or on the street, hetairai were thought to have had only a few men as clients at any one time, to have had long-term relationships with them, and to have provided companionship and intellectual stimulation as well as sex. For instance, Charles Seltman wrote in 1953 that "hetaeras were certainly in a very different class, often highly educated women".
More recently, however, historians have questioned the extent to which there was really a distinction between hetairai and pornai. The second edition of the Oxford Classical Dictionary, for instance, held that hetaira was a euphemism for any kind of prostitute. This position is supported by Konstantinos Kapparis, who holds that Apollodorus' famous tripartite division of the types of women in the speech Against Neaera ("We have courtesans for pleasure, concubines for the daily tending of the body, and wives in order to beget legitimate children and have a trustworthy guardian of what is at home.") classes all prostitutes together, under the term hetairai.
A third position, advanced by Rebecca Futo Kennedy, suggests that hetairai "were not prostitutes or even courtesans". Instead, she argues, hetairai were "elite women... who participated in sympotic and luxury culture", just as hetairoi – the masculine form of the word – was used to refer to groups of elite men at symposia.
Wikipedia IT
Le etère (in greco antico: ἑταίραι), nella società dell'antica Grecia, erano particolari donne di compagnia, per alcuni aspetti assimilabili a cortigiane e prostitute. Si trattava, tuttavia, di sofisticate figure che, oltre a prestazioni sessuali, offrivano compagnia e spesso intrattenevano con i clienti relazioni prolungate.
Wikipedia DE
Hetären (griechisch ἑταῖραι hetairai „Gefährtinnen“, Sing. ἑταῖρα) waren weibliche Prostituierte im Altertum. Im Gegensatz zu Huren (griechisch πόρναι pornai, Sing.: πόρνη porne) waren sie sozial anerkannt. Die antiken Hetären waren gebildet und betrieben gewerbsmäßig Musik. Sie beherrschten die Kunst des Tanzes und des Gesangs, sie spielten Aulos und Kithara. Musikalisch besonders berühmt als Aulosbläserinnen wurden die Hetären Lamia von Athen und Aphrodite Belestiche.
Wikipedia FR
Les hétaïres ne se contentent pas d'offrir des services sexuels et leurs prestations ne sont pas ponctuelles: de manière littérale, ἑταίρα / hetaíra signifie « compagne ». Elles possèdent généralement une éducation soignée et sont capables de prendre part à des conversations entre gens cultivés, par exemple lors des banquets. Seules entre toutes les femmes de Grèce, Spartiates exceptées, elles sont indépendantes et peuvent gérer leurs biens. La concubine reçoit des dons de quelques « compagnons » (hetairoi) ou « amis » (philoi), qui assurent son entretien, et à qui elle accorde ses faveurs. Il s'agit le plus souvent de métèques, comme Aspasie, originaire de Milet, ou Nééra, originaire de Corinthe.
Wikipedia ES
Heteras o hetairas (en griego, ἑταῖραι, hetairai) era el nombre que recibían en la antigua Grecia las cortesanas. Se sostiene que, según las distintas fuentes, tenían diversas funciones, como Aspasia, maestra de retórica y logógrafa, y otras eran damas de compañía (o prostituta refinada).
Eran mujeres independientes y, en ciertos casos, de gran prestigio social; estaban obligadas a pagar impuestos. El colectivo estaba formado principalmente por antiguas esclavas y extranjeras, y eran célebres por su preparación para la danza y la música, así como por su aspecto físico. Existen evidencias de que, al contrario que la mayoría de las mujeres de la época, recibían educación. Hay que resaltar también que eran las únicas que podían participar en los simposios (συμπόσιον), siendo sus opiniones y creencias muy respetadas por los hombres.
Wikipedia PT
As heteras ou hetairas (do grego ἑταίραι, transl. hetaírai: 'companheiras', 'amigas'), na sociedade da Grécia Antiga, eram prostitutas refinadas, que, além da prestação de serviços sexuais, ofereciam companhia e sabedoria, frequentemente tinham relacionamentos duradouros com seus clientes, diferenciavam-se das prostitutas comuns (pornoi) da época, pois além do prazer carnal, ofereciam prazer cultural para seus companheiros, tendo casos com os homens que as procuravam. O nome Hetaira, significa companheira, e foi utilizado em alusão a Afrodite Hetera, um dos epítetos da deusa Afrodite.
Wikipedia RU
Гете́ра (от греч. ἑταίρα — подруга, спутница) — в Древней Греции женщина, ведущая свободный, независимый образ жизни, публичная женщина, куртизанка.
Первоначально главным образом из рабынь, позже также свободные женщины. Известные гетеры были, как правило, хорошо образованы. Первоначально термин относился к древнегреческому социальному явлению, позже в переносном смысле распространился на другие культуры. В Древней Греции термин применяли к образованной незамужней женщине, ведущей свободный и независимый образ жизни. Некоторые из них играли значительную роль в общественной жизни. В своих домах гетеры устраивали встречи многим выдающимся древнегреческим политическим деятелям, поэтам, скульпторам и т. д. Как правило, гетера находилась на содержании у богатого покровителя. За их благосклонность платили большие деньги. Сохранились каменные плиты, на которых мужчины высекали цену, предлагаемую той или иной. Но это не было проституцией в традиционном понимании, так как гетеры жили половой жизнью только с теми покровителями, которых любили, параллельно с ними существовали и проститутки. Древнегреческий оратор и политический деятель Демосфен говорил, что уважающий себя грек имеет трёх женщин: жену — для продолжения рода, рабыню — для чувственных утех и гетеру — для душевного комфорта. Гетера могла выходить замуж. Так, знаменитая гетера Аспасия, известная умом, образованностью и красотой, стала женой известного военачальника Перикла. Гетеру, как правило, воспитывала хозяйка из своей рабыни, она обучала её и отпускала на волю или отдавала достойному покровителю.
Wikipedia TR
Hetairai (hetaira ya da hetaera, çoğul olarak hetaerae; Yunanca: ἑταίρα); Antik Yunanda, iyi eğitimli ve kültürlü kadın arkadaşlara verilen isimdir. Çoğunlukla hamileriyle cinsel ilişki içerisinde olsalar da, hetairailer basit seks işçileri değillerdir.