ala: Difference between revisions
νύμφην τ' ἄνυμφον παρθένον τ' ἀπάρθενον → wife unwed and virgin that is no virgin | bride that is no bride, virgin that is virgin no more | virgin wife and widowed maid | unwed bride and ravished virgin
(1) |
m (Text replacement - "(?s)({{trml.*}}\n)({{.*}}$)" to "$2 $1") |
||
(6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=ala alae N F :: wing; upper arm/foreleg/fin; armpit; squadron (cavalry), flank, army's wing | |||
}} | |||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>āla</b>: ae, f. for axla, contr. from [[axilla]], Cic. Or. 45, 153; cf. ἄγχος = [[ὦμος]] (Hesych.) = [[shoulder]] = O. H. Germ. Ahsala; Germ. Achsel.<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a [[wing]], as of a [[bird]]: galli plausu premunt [[alas]], Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 26; Verg. A. 3, 226 al.: Me. Vox mihi ad aurīs advolavit. So. Ne ego [[homo]] [[infelix]] fui, qui non [[alas]] intervelli, [[that]] I did not [[pluck]] [[off]] its wings, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 170.—Poet., of the gods: Mors atris circumvolat [[alis]], Hor. S. 2, 1, 58: [[volucris]] Fati Tardavit [[alas]], id. C. 2, 17, 25: bibulae Cupidinis alae, Ov. A. A. 1, 233: furvis circumdatus [[alis]] Somnus, Tib. 2, 1, 89: me jocundis Sopor impulit [[alis]], Prop. 1, 3, 45: Madidis [[Notus]] evolat [[alis]], Ov. M. 1, 264.—Of sails: velorum pandimus [[alas]], Verg. A. 3, 520.—Of oars: [[classis]] centenis remiget [[alis]], Prop. 4, 6, 47: [[remigium]] alarum, Verg. A. 1, 301 (cf. Hom. Od. 11, 125); so [[inversely]] remi is used of wings: [[super]] [[fluctus]] alarum insistere remis, Ov. M. 5, 558 (cf. πτεροῖς ἐρέσσει, Eur. Iphig. Taur. 289; Aeschyl. Agam. 52; and cf. Lucr. 6, 743). —Of [[wind]] and [[lightning]]: [[Nisus]] Emicat et ventis et fulminis [[ocior]] [[alis]], Verg. A. 5, 319 al.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[man]], the [[upper]] and under [[part]] of the [[arm]], [[where]] it unites [[with]] the [[shoulder]]; the armpit, Liv. 9, 41; 30, 34: aliquid sub alā portare, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 12: hirquinae, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51: hirsutae, Hor. Epod. 12, 5: [[halitus]] oris et alarum vitia, Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142: [[virus]] alarum et sudores, id. 35, 15, 52, § 185: [[sudor]] alarum, Petr. 128 ([[many]] Romans were [[accustomed]] to [[pluck]] [[out]] the [[hair]] from the armpits, Sen. Ep. 114; Juv. 11, 157; v. [[alipilus]]).—<br /> <b>B</b> In animals, the [[hollow]] [[where]] the foreleg is joined to the [[shoulder]]; the [[shoulder]] - [[blade]].—Of elephants, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 324.—Of frogs, Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 159.—<br /> <b>C</b> In trees and plants, the [[hollow]] [[where]] the [[branch]] unites [[with]] the [[stem]], Plin. 16, 7, 10, § 29; so id. 22, 18, 21, § 45; 25, 5, 18, § 38 al.—<br /> <b>D</b> In buildings, the wings, the [[side]] apartments on the [[right]] and [[left]] of the [[court]], the [[side]] halls or porches, the colonnades; called also in Gr. πτερά, Vitr. 6, 4, 137; 4, 7, 92.—<br /> <b>E</b> In milit. lang., the [[wing]] of an [[army]] ([[thus]] conceived of as a [[bird]] of [[prey]]), [[commonly]] [[composed]] of the Roman [[cavalry]] and the [[troops]] of the allies, esp. [[their]] horsemen; [[hence]], alarii in [[contrast]] [[with]] legionarii, and separated from [[them]] in [[enumeration]], also having a [[leader]], called [[praefectus]] alae, Tac. H. 2, 59 al.; cf. [[Lips]]. de Milit. Rom. 1, 10 Manut.; Cic. Fam. 2, 17 fin.; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Smith, Dict. Antiq.; [[Cincius]] ap. Gell. 16, 4, 6; cf. Gell. 10, 9, 1: Alae, equites: ob hoc alae dicti, [[quia]] pedites tegunt alarum [[vice]], Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 121: peditatu, equitibus [[atque]] [[alis]] cum hostium legionibus pugnavit, [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: [[dextera]] ala (in [[alas]] divisum socialem exercitum habebat) in primā acie locata est, Liv. 31, 21; Vell. 2, 117 al.—An ala, as a [[military]] [[division]], usu. consisted of [[about]] 500 men, Liv. 10, 29.!*? Such alae gave names to [[several]] towns, [[since]] [[they]] were [[either]] levied from [[them]], quartered in [[them]], or, [[after]] the [[expiration]] of [[their]] [[time]] of [[service]], [[received]] the lands of [[such]] towns.—So, Ala Flaviana, Ala Nova, et saep. (cf. [[castrum]], II. 1. fin.). | |lshtext=<b>āla</b>: ae, f. for axla, contr. from [[axilla]], Cic. Or. 45, 153; cf. ἄγχος = [[ὦμος]] (Hesych.) = [[shoulder]] = O. H. Germ. Ahsala; Germ. Achsel.<br /><b>I</b> Lit., a [[wing]], as of a [[bird]]: galli plausu premunt [[alas]], Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 26; Verg. A. 3, 226 al.: Me. Vox mihi ad aurīs advolavit. So. Ne ego [[homo]] [[infelix]] fui, qui non [[alas]] intervelli, [[that]] I did not [[pluck]] [[off]] its wings, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 170.—Poet., of the gods: Mors atris circumvolat [[alis]], Hor. S. 2, 1, 58: [[volucris]] Fati Tardavit [[alas]], id. C. 2, 17, 25: bibulae Cupidinis alae, Ov. A. A. 1, 233: furvis circumdatus [[alis]] Somnus, Tib. 2, 1, 89: me jocundis Sopor impulit [[alis]], Prop. 1, 3, 45: Madidis [[Notus]] evolat [[alis]], Ov. M. 1, 264.—Of sails: velorum pandimus [[alas]], Verg. A. 3, 520.—Of oars: [[classis]] centenis remiget [[alis]], Prop. 4, 6, 47: [[remigium]] alarum, Verg. A. 1, 301 (cf. Hom. Od. 11, 125); so [[inversely]] remi is used of wings: [[super]] [[fluctus]] alarum insistere remis, Ov. M. 5, 558 (cf. πτεροῖς ἐρέσσει, Eur. Iphig. Taur. 289; Aeschyl. Agam. 52; and cf. Lucr. 6, 743). —Of [[wind]] and [[lightning]]: [[Nisus]] Emicat et ventis et fulminis [[ocior]] [[alis]], Verg. A. 5, 319 al.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> In [[man]], the [[upper]] and under [[part]] of the [[arm]], [[where]] it unites [[with]] the [[shoulder]]; the armpit, Liv. 9, 41; 30, 34: aliquid sub alā portare, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 12: hirquinae, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51: hirsutae, Hor. Epod. 12, 5: [[halitus]] oris et alarum vitia, Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142: [[virus]] alarum et sudores, id. 35, 15, 52, § 185: [[sudor]] alarum, Petr. 128 ([[many]] Romans were [[accustomed]] to [[pluck]] [[out]] the [[hair]] from the armpits, Sen. Ep. 114; Juv. 11, 157; v. [[alipilus]]).—<br /> <b>B</b> In animals, the [[hollow]] [[where]] the foreleg is joined to the [[shoulder]]; the [[shoulder]] - [[blade]].—Of elephants, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 324.—Of frogs, Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 159.—<br /> <b>C</b> In trees and plants, the [[hollow]] [[where]] the [[branch]] unites [[with]] the [[stem]], Plin. 16, 7, 10, § 29; so id. 22, 18, 21, § 45; 25, 5, 18, § 38 al.—<br /> <b>D</b> In buildings, the wings, the [[side]] apartments on the [[right]] and [[left]] of the [[court]], the [[side]] halls or porches, the colonnades; called also in Gr. πτερά, Vitr. 6, 4, 137; 4, 7, 92.—<br /> <b>E</b> In milit. lang., the [[wing]] of an [[army]] ([[thus]] conceived of as a [[bird]] of [[prey]]), [[commonly]] [[composed]] of the Roman [[cavalry]] and the [[troops]] of the allies, esp. [[their]] horsemen; [[hence]], alarii in [[contrast]] [[with]] legionarii, and separated from [[them]] in [[enumeration]], also having a [[leader]], called [[praefectus]] alae, Tac. H. 2, 59 al.; cf. [[Lips]]. de Milit. Rom. 1, 10 Manut.; Cic. Fam. 2, 17 fin.; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Smith, Dict. Antiq.; [[Cincius]] ap. Gell. 16, 4, 6; cf. Gell. 10, 9, 1: Alae, equites: ob hoc alae dicti, [[quia]] pedites tegunt alarum [[vice]], Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 121: peditatu, equitibus [[atque]] [[alis]] cum hostium legionibus pugnavit, [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: [[dextera]] ala (in [[alas]] divisum socialem exercitum habebat) in primā acie locata est, Liv. 31, 21; Vell. 2, 117 al.—An ala, as a [[military]] [[division]], usu. consisted of [[about]] 500 men, Liv. 10, 29.!*? Such alae gave names to [[several]] towns, [[since]] [[they]] were [[either]] levied from [[them]], quartered in [[them]], or, [[after]] the [[expiration]] of [[their]] [[time]] of [[service]], [[received]] the lands of [[such]] towns.—So, Ala Flaviana, Ala Nova, et saep. (cf. [[castrum]], II. 1. fin.). | ||
Line 11: | Line 14: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{esel | {{esel | ||
|sltx=[[ἀκωκή]] | |sltx=[[ἀκωκή]], [[ἄλα]] | ||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=ala, ae. f. :: 翼。腋下。Alae praefectus 馬將軍。— equitum — 翼馬兵。Alae velorum 舟帆。Alae fulminis 雷之疾快。 | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[armpit]]=== | |||
Acehnese: geutiëk; Ainu: ハトポㇰ; Albanian: sqetull; Amharic: ብብት; Arabic: إِبْط; Egyptian Arabic: باط; Bahrani Arabic: دلدوغ; Hijazi Arabic: باط; Armenian: անութ, թեւատակ; Assamese: কাষলতি; Asturian: sobacu; Azerbaijani: qoltuq; Balinese: sipah; Bashkir: ҡултыҡ; Basque: besape, galtzarbe; Bau Bidayuh: kropa; Belarusian: падпаха; Bengali: বগল; Bikol Central: yukyok; Bulgarian: подмишница; Burmese: ချိုင်း; Catalan: aixella, axil·la; Central Dusun: pokilok; Central Melanau: awiek; Chakma: 𑄦𑄉𑄧𑄖𑄴𑄧𑄣𑄨; Chinese Cantonese: 胳肋底, 腋下, 腋窩, 腋窝; Mandarin: 夾肢窩, 夹肢窝, 腋窩, 腋窝, 腋下; Coptic: ⲁϭⲟ; Cornish: kasel; Czech: podpaží, podpažní jamka; Dalmatian: scul, skul; Danish: armhule; Dupaningan Agta: alipep; Dutch: [[oksel]]; Esperanto: akselo, subbrako; Estonian: kaenlaauk, kaenal; Faroese: armhola; Finnish: kainalo, kainalokuoppa; French: [[aisselle]]; Friulian: lesine; Galician: axila, sobaco, sobrazo, colexo; Gallurese: suilcu; Georgian: იღლია; German: [[Achselhöhle]]; Gorontalo: huwange'e; Greek: [[μασχάλη]]; Ancient Greek: [[μασχάλη]], [[μάλη]]; Guaraní: jyvaguy; Haitian Creole: anba bra; Hebrew: שחי, בֵּית הַשֶּׁחִי; Hindi: बग़ल; Hungarian: hónalj; Icelandic: handarkriki, holhönd; Ido: axelo; Ilocano: kilikili; Indonesian: ketiak; Ingrian: kainalo; Iranun: irek; Irish: ascaill; Italian: [[ascella]]; Japanese: 脇の下, 腋下, 腋窩; Javanese: ketek, kelek; Kapampangan: kilikili; Karelian: kainalo; Kashmiri: کَژھ; Kazakh: қолтық; Khmer: ក្លៀក; Kikuyu: njegeeke; Kimaragang: pokilok; Korean: 겨드랑이, 액와; Kriol: ngarlmarr; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: binçeng; Latin: [[axilla]], [[ala]]; Latvian: paduse; Lithuanian: pažastis; Livonian: kāinal; Livvi: kainalo; Lotud: pokilok; Ludian: kainal; Macedonian: пазува; Malay: ketiak, kelek; Malayalam: കക്ഷം; Maltese: abt; Manchu: ᠣᡥᠣ; Maori: kēkē; Maranao: irek, kedekede; Marathi: काख; Navajo: achʼáayah, achʼáháyah; Ngazidja Comorian: kapwa; Norwegian Bokmål: armhule, armhole; Nynorsk: armhole; Occitan: aissèla; Ojibwe: nining; Old English: ocusta, oxn; Oromo: bobaa; Ottoman Turkish: قولتق, ابط, بغل; Persian: زیر بغل, کش; Polish: pacha; Portuguese: [[axila]], [[sovaco]]; Rapa Nui: ha'iga; Romani: thak; Romanian: subraț, subsuoară; Rungus: pokillok; Russian: [[подмышечная впадина]], [[подмышка]], [[пазуха]]; Sabah Bisaya: palikoyok; Sardinian Campidanese: suércu; Logudorese: surbíccu, suircu; Sassarese: suircu; Scottish Gaelic: achlais; Sebop: itek; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: па̏зухо, па̏зух; Roman: pȁzuho, pȁzuh; Sicilian: scidda; Slovak: podpazušie, pazucha; Slovene: pazduha, podpazduha; Spanish: [[axila]], [[sobaco]]; Sudovian: valtas; Sundanese: kelek, dehe; Swahili: kwapa; Swedish: armhåla; Sylheti: ꠛꠉꠟ; Tagal Murut: pakilok; Tagalog: kilikili; Tamil: அக்குள்; Tausug: iluk; Telugu: చంక; Thai: รักแร้; Timugon Murut: pakilok; Turkish: aksilla, koltuk altı; Turkmen: goltuk; Ukrainian: пахва, паха; Urdu: بغل; Uzbek: qoʻltiq; Venetian: asela, scajo, lexena; Veps: kaimol; Vietnamese: nách; Voro: kainal; Votic: kainalo; Waray-Waray: kedekede; Welsh: cesail; West Coast Bajau: kape; West Frisian: earmsholte; Yakan: ilek; Yiddish: פּאַכווע; Yucatec Maya: xiikʼ; Zulu: ikhwapha | |||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 08:50, 13 June 2024
Latin > English
ala alae N F :: wing; upper arm/foreleg/fin; armpit; squadron (cavalry), flank, army's wing
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
āla: ae, f. for axla, contr. from axilla, Cic. Or. 45, 153; cf. ἄγχος = ὦμος (Hesych.) = shoulder = O. H. Germ. Ahsala; Germ. Achsel.
I Lit., a wing, as of a bird: galli plausu premunt alas, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 26; Verg. A. 3, 226 al.: Me. Vox mihi ad aurīs advolavit. So. Ne ego homo infelix fui, qui non alas intervelli, that I did not pluck off its wings, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 170.—Poet., of the gods: Mors atris circumvolat alis, Hor. S. 2, 1, 58: volucris Fati Tardavit alas, id. C. 2, 17, 25: bibulae Cupidinis alae, Ov. A. A. 1, 233: furvis circumdatus alis Somnus, Tib. 2, 1, 89: me jocundis Sopor impulit alis, Prop. 1, 3, 45: Madidis Notus evolat alis, Ov. M. 1, 264.—Of sails: velorum pandimus alas, Verg. A. 3, 520.—Of oars: classis centenis remiget alis, Prop. 4, 6, 47: remigium alarum, Verg. A. 1, 301 (cf. Hom. Od. 11, 125); so inversely remi is used of wings: super fluctus alarum insistere remis, Ov. M. 5, 558 (cf. πτεροῖς ἐρέσσει, Eur. Iphig. Taur. 289; Aeschyl. Agam. 52; and cf. Lucr. 6, 743). —Of wind and lightning: Nisus Emicat et ventis et fulminis ocior alis, Verg. A. 5, 319 al.—
II Transf.
A In man, the upper and under part of the arm, where it unites with the shoulder; the armpit, Liv. 9, 41; 30, 34: aliquid sub alā portare, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 12: hirquinae, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51: hirsutae, Hor. Epod. 12, 5: halitus oris et alarum vitia, Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142: virus alarum et sudores, id. 35, 15, 52, § 185: sudor alarum, Petr. 128 (many Romans were accustomed to pluck out the hair from the armpits, Sen. Ep. 114; Juv. 11, 157; v. alipilus).—
B In animals, the hollow where the foreleg is joined to the shoulder; the shoulder - blade.—Of elephants, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 324.—Of frogs, Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 159.—
C In trees and plants, the hollow where the branch unites with the stem, Plin. 16, 7, 10, § 29; so id. 22, 18, 21, § 45; 25, 5, 18, § 38 al.—
D In buildings, the wings, the side apartments on the right and left of the court, the side halls or porches, the colonnades; called also in Gr. πτερά, Vitr. 6, 4, 137; 4, 7, 92.—
E In milit. lang., the wing of an army (thus conceived of as a bird of prey), commonly composed of the Roman cavalry and the troops of the allies, esp. their horsemen; hence, alarii in contrast with legionarii, and separated from them in enumeration, also having a leader, called praefectus alae, Tac. H. 2, 59 al.; cf. Lips. de Milit. Rom. 1, 10 Manut.; Cic. Fam. 2, 17 fin.; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Smith, Dict. Antiq.; Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 6; cf. Gell. 10, 9, 1: Alae, equites: ob hoc alae dicti, quia pedites tegunt alarum vice, Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 121: peditatu, equitibus atque alis cum hostium legionibus pugnavit, Cato ap. Gell. 15, 9, 5; Cic. Off. 2, 13, 45: dextera ala (in alas divisum socialem exercitum habebat) in primā acie locata est, Liv. 31, 21; Vell. 2, 117 al.—An ala, as a military division, usu. consisted of about 500 men, Liv. 10, 29.!*? Such alae gave names to several towns, since they were either levied from them, quartered in them, or, after the expiration of their time of service, received the lands of such towns.—So, Ala Flaviana, Ala Nova, et saep. (cf. castrum, II. 1. fin.).
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
āla,⁸ æ, f. (axla, cf. dimin. axilla),
1 aile [en tant que membre formant en qq. sorte l’aisselle, l’épaule de l’oiseau, tandis que pennæ est l’aile en tant que plumage]: meæ alæ pennas non habent Pl. Pœn. 871 mes ailes n’ont point de plumes ; alis se levare Liv. 7, 26, 5, se soulever sur ses ailes || seu mors atris circumvolat alis Hor. S. 2, 1, 58, soit que la mort me frôle de ses noires ailes ; fulminis alæ Virg. En. 5, 319, les ailes de la foudre
2 aisselle : sub ala fasciculum librorum portare Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 12, porter un paquet de livres sous le bras
3 sens métaph. divers par ex. en parlant de la partie creuse formée à l’emboîtement du rameau, de la feuille sur une tige] : Plin. 16, 22 ; 16, 29 ; 22, 45, etc. || ailes de bâtiment : Vitr. Arch. 4, 7, 2 ; 6, 3, 4
4 [le plus usuel] aile d’une armée : ala dextra Liv. 27, 2, 6 ; sinistra Liv. 27, 1, 8, aile droite, aile gauche ; [avant la guerre sociale les ailes étaient occupées par les troupes alliées, infanterie et cavalerie] : Liv. 26, 14, 6 ; 31, 21, 7 ; Cato Orig. Inc. lib. rel., 2 ; [duæ alæ, les deux ailes de la légion = le contingent allié] Liv. 27, 1, 7 ; 27, 2, 6, etc.; [mais ala a fini par s’appliquer plus spécialement à la cavalerie] : ala equitum Liv. 26, 38, 14, etc., corps de cavalerie alliée ; [chaque ala comportait cinq turmæ, escadrons, de 60 cavaliers] || [après la guerre sociale, la cavalerie auxiliaire fournie par les pays étrangers occupe les ailes ; ala désigne alors un corps de cavalerie auxiliaire] : Cic. Off. 2, 45 ; Tac. H. 1, 54 ; [cohortes, cohortes = infanterie, alæ = cavalerie, le tout formant les auxilia, troupes auxiliaires] Tac. H. 1, 60, etc. || en dehors de Rome : ala Numidarum Liv. 21, 45, 2, corps de cavaliers Numides, cf. 22, 47, 7 ; 26, 38, 14, etc. || [poét.] alæ, escadrons : Virg. En. 11, 604, etc.; [en gén.] troupe à cheval [chasseurs] : Virg. En. 4, 121.
Latin > German (Georges)
āla, ae, f. (v. ago, also = agla, u. davon Demin. axilla, deutsch ›Achsel‹, wie mala v. mando u. davon Demin. maxilla, palus v. pango, also = paglus u. dav. Demin. paxillus), der Flügel des Vogels usw. als das In-Bewegung-Setzende (während pennae = der Flügel des Vogels als Gefieder), I) eig.: alae pennae, Plaut.: galli plausu premunt alas, Cic.: levare se alis, v. Raben, Liv.: alis plaudens columba, Verg.: movere alas, Ov.: alas explicare, Mart., expandere, Plin.: alas quatere, Verg.: alis everberabat os oculosque Galli corvus, Quint.: alam frangere, Plin.: alarum articulos insecare, Plin. – der Bienen, pandere alas ad solem aestivum, Verg.: alas eripere regibus apum, Verg. – des Ikarus, alas accommodare od. assumere umeris, Ov. – an Göttern, hic paribus nitens Cyllenius alis constitit, Verg.: alius illi (Iovi) alas imposuit, alius cornua, Sen.: der Harpyien, der Fama, des Amor, der Iris, Verg. – poet. des (als Vogel gedachten) Schiffes, das Ruder, classis centenis remiget alis, Prop. (vgl. alarum remi od. remigium, v. den Flügeln, Verg. u.a.); od. das Segel, velorum pandimus alas, Verg. – u. poet. als Bild der raschen od. der sanften, unmerklichen Bewegung, v. Winden, madidis notus evolat alis, Ov.: u.v. Blitz, emicat et ventis et fulminis ocior alis, Verg. – v. der Zeit, Sen.: des Todes, Hor.: des Schlafes, Tibull. – u. als Bild der Schnelligkeit übh., sibi fecerat alas concitus equus, Sil. – vgl. das Wortspiel: Me. Vox mihi ad aures advolavit. So. Ne ego homo infelix fui, qui non alas intervelli, Plaut. Amph. 325 sq.
II) übtr.: A) der dem Flügel entsprechende Teil am tierischen Körper u. am Baume: 1) beim Menschen, die Achsel, der obere u. untere Teil des Arms, wo er an die Schultern grenzt, alae grandes, Iuven.: umbonibus incussāque alā sternere hostes, Liv.: sub ala fasciculum portare librorum, Hor.: tu viperam sub ala nutricas, Petron. 77, 1 (sprichw., s. vīpera). – bes. die mit Haaren bewachsene, einen unangenehmen, schweißigen Bocksgeruch ausströmende Achselgrube, -höhle, graveolentia alarum, Plin.: alarum neglegens sudor, Petr.: gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis, Hor. – Die Achselhaare pflegten die Alten sich auszureißen, alas vellere, Sen. u. Iuven.: dah. das Wortspiel: Sy. Sine pinnis volare hau facilest; meae alae pinnas non habent. Mi. Nolito edepol devellisse; iam his duobus mensibus volucres alae tibi erunt hirquinae, Plaut. Poen. 872 sqq. – meton., alae, die Arme, Itala Luc. 2, 28 u. Esth. 4, 11. – 2) bei den Tieren, die »Höhlung« wo die vordern Schenkel an den Bug anschließen, die Achsel, Plin. 9, 159 u.s. – 3) der durch Anfügung eines Astes, Zweiges od. Blattes gebildete Winkel, auch wir (als botan. t.t.) die Achsel, Plin. 16, 29 u.ö.
B) als t.t. der Baukunst, Plur. alae = die rechts u. links im Atrium u. im einzelligen Tempel hinlaufenden Seitenräume, die die Tiefe der Zimmer haben, aber nach dem Atrium zu offen sind, Seitenhallen, Säulengänge, Vitr. 6, 3, 4; 4, 7, 2. Vgl. Beckers Gallus Bd. 2. S. 213 ff. (Ausg. 3).
C) als milit. t.t. der Flügel des Heeres, die Flügeltruppen, zunächst die Scharen der röm. Reiterei, die, regelmäßig 300 Mann bei einer Legion, die Linie des Fußvolks auf beiden Seiten deckten, s. Cinc. b. Gell. 16, 4, 6. Serv. Verg. Aen. 4, 121. – später eine Abteilung der Bundesgenossen, bes. ihre Reiterei, die eig. die Flanken der röm. Legionen decken sollten, aber auch oft in die erste Linie gestellt wurden, die Schwadron, Schar, Abteilung, gew. 500 Mann; als die Bundesgenossen das röm. Bürgerrecht erhalten hatten, die im röm. Heere dienenden »Hilfstruppen (Reiterei u. Fußvolk)« übh. (gew. alarii equites, alariae cohortes od. bl. alarii gen., s. ālārius), cum te Pompeius alae alteri praefecisset, Cic.: Campanorum alam, quingentos ferme equites, excedere acie iubet, Liv.: peditatu, equitibus atque alis cum hostium legionibus pugnavit, Liv. Vgl. Ruhnk. Suet. Aug. 38. Heine Cic. de off. 2, 45. – endlich zur Kaiserzeit diejenigen Reiterabteilungen des röm. Heeres, die nicht ausdrücklich zu einer Legion gehörten, gew. Fremde, 500, auch 1000 Mann (dah. ala miliaria) stark, Inscr. – zuw. auch für eine »Schar« Reiterei von 500 od. 1000 Mann bei andern Völkern, zB. der »Leibschar« der mazed. Könige b. Nep. Eum. 1, 7. Liv. 37, 40, 5: u. bei Dichtern für »Reiterschar« übh., wie Verg. Aen. 11, 730, u. für »berittene Jäger« insbes., Verg. Aen. 4, 121 (Vgl. Sil. 2, 419).