κνίζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. κνίσω [ῐ] Ar.''Ra.''1198: aor.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἔκνῐσα Pi.''P.''8.32, Herod.4.59, etc.; Dor. [[ἔκνιξα]] Pi.''I.''6(5).50:—Pass., aor. ἐκνίσθην [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]'' 209, Theoc.4.59: [[scratch]], [[gash]], <b class="b3">παῖδα… γυμνὸν ἢν κνίσω… οὐχ ἕλκος ἕξει</b>; Herod.l.c.; <b class="b3">κνίζων συκάμινα</b> (to make them ripen) [[LXX]] ''Am.''7.14, cf. Ath.2.51b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[pound]], [[chop up]], or [[grate]], dub. in [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 9.20.4 (fort. [[κνησθεῖσα]]).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[tickle]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''587b7 (Pass.), Phld. ''Lib.''p.58 O. (Pass.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> usually metaph., of love, [[chafe]], [[tease]], τὸν Ἀρίστωνα ἔκνιζε τῆς γυναικὸς ταύτης ἔρως [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.62, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Medea|Med.]]'' 568; κἠγὼ μὰν κνίζω τινά Theoc.5.122; of other feelings, as satiety, κόρος κνίζει Pi.''P.''l.c.; anxiety, Ξέρξην ἔκνιζε ἡ γνώμη [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.12; <b class="b3">τὰ σμικρὰ οὐδέν μιν κνίζει</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὸν θεόν</b>) ib.10.<b class="b3">έ; ἔκνιζέ μ' αἰεὶ τοῦθ</b>' [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''786; τὸ βούλεσθαί μ' ἔκνιζε E.''IA''330 (troch.); [[provoke]], [[tease]], Ar.''V.''1286; <b class="b3">οὐ κατ' ἔπος κνίσω τὸ ῥῆμ' ἕκαστον</b> [[will]] not [[attack]] every word, Id.''Ra.''l.c.; [[provoke to jealousy]], Alciphr.1.32; in good sense, ἁδεῖά νιν ἔκνιξε χάρις Pi.''I.''6(5).50:—Pass., [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Medea|Med.]]'' 555, ''Andr.''l.c.; ἐρωτίδα τᾶς ποκ' ἐκνίσθη Theoc.4.59, cf. Luc.''DMeretr.''10.4; κνιζόμενος ὑπ' ἔρωτος ἐπὶ τῇ παιδί App.''Pun.''10; [[ἐκνίσθης]]; [[does that touch you]]? Men.''Per.'' 16.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[provoke]], ὀργὰν κνίζον αἰπεινοὶ λόγοι Pi.''N.''5.32, cf. ''P.''11.23.

|sltr=[[κνίζω]] (impf. κνίζον: aor. ἔκνιξ, ἔκνιξεν, ἔκνισεν, ἔκνιξαν; κνίσῃ. [[pass]]. κνιζομένα.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> [[prick]] met.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> c. inf. πότερόν νιν ἄρ' Ἰφιγένεἰ ἐπ Ἐὐρίπῳ σφαχθεῖσα [[τῆλε]] πάτρας ἔκνισεν βαρυπάλαμον ὄρσαι χόλον; (ἔκνιξεν coni. Schr.: goaded) (P. 11.23) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[irritate]] [[οὔτοι]] τετύφλωται μακρὸς [[μόχθος]] [[ἀνδρῶν]] οὐδ' ὁπόσαι δαπάναι ἐλπίδων ἔκνιξ ὄπιν.† (ἔκνιζ [[varia lectio|v.l.]]: ἔκνισ' ὀπί [[Aristarchus]]: ἐλπίδ' ἔκνιξ ὄπιν Wil.) (I. 5.58) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> [[distress]] τὸν μὲν κνιζομένα λεῖπε [[χαμαί]] (''[[sc.]]'' Εὐάδνα) (O. 6.44) μὴ [[κόρος]] ἐλθὼν κνίσῃ (κνίξῃ coni. Schr.) (P. 8.32) καὶ γὰρ ἑτέροις ἑτέρων ἔρωτες ἔκνιξαν φρένας (A. W. Mair: [[ἔρως]] ἔκνιξε codd.: [[ἔρως]] ὑπέκνισε Boeckh) (P. 10.60) [[τοῖο]] δ' ὀργὰν κνίζον αἰπεινοὶ λόγοι (N. 5.32) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> [[thrill]] ἁδεῖα δ' [[ἔνδον]] μιν ἔκνιξεν [[χάρις]] (I. 6.50)

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[scratch]], [[pound]], [[chop up]], [[provoke]] (Pi., IA.).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[κνίσαι]], pass. [[κνισθῆναι]], fut. [[κνίσω]], perf. pass. [[κέκνισμαι]].<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. aor. [[κνίξαι]] (Pi.)<br />Compounds: also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>,<br />Derivatives: [[κνισμός]], [[κνίσμα]] [[scratching]], [[provoke etc.]] (Ar.), [[ἀπόκνισμα]]piece (Ar.), <b class="b3">ἀπό-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-κνισις</b> [[scratching]] (Thphr.). As backformation <b class="b3">*κνίς</b>, acc. [[κνίδα]] (Opp.), pl. [[κνίδες]] (LXX) [[nettle]], [[κνίζα]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Gloss.). Comp. with verbal (aoristic) 2. member <b class="b3">φιλό-κνισος</b> [[desirous]] (AP), also [[κνισότερος]] (Ath. 12, 549a).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [??] <b class="b2">*knid-</b>? ?<br />Etymology: The basis is <b class="b3">κνιδ-</b> or <b class="b3">κνιτ-</b> (Schwyzer 716), and also <b class="b3">κνι(σ</b>)-. In the first case connection is possible (except with longvocalic [[κνίδη]], [[κνῖσα]]) with Baltic and Germanic forms, e. g. Latv. [[knidêt]] [[itch]], [[geminate]], [[creep]], OWNo. [[hnīta]] (pret. [[hneit]]) [[push against]]; note also MIr. [[cned]] [[wound]] (< <b class="b2">*knidā</b>); further with [[-t-]], e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">kni-n-tù</b> (pret. <b class="b2">knit-aũ</b>), <b class="b2">knìs-ti</b> [[scratch]], [[itch]], [[tickle]]. In the the last case one could at best compare Lith. <b class="b2">knis-ù</b> [[grub up]]. Further Baltic forms in Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">knìsti</b>; cf. also de Vries IF 62, 142f.