σοφίζω: Difference between revisions
τούτων γάρ ἑκάτερον κοινῷ ὀνόματι προσαγορεύεται ζῷον, καί ὁ λόγος δέ τῆς οὐσίας ὁ αὐτός → and these are univocally so named, inasmuch as not only the name, but also the definition, is the same in both cases (Aristotle, Categoriae 1a8-10)
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|Definition=<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">make wise, instruct</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>18(19).8</span>; τινὰ εἰς σωτηρίαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Ti.</span>3.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Pass., <b class="b2">become</b> or <b class="b2">be clever</b> or <b class="b2">skilled in</b> a thing, c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος</b> <b class="b2">skilled in</b> seamanship, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>649</span>; Μοίσαι σεσοφισμέναι <span class="bibl">Ibyc.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1790.23</span>; so <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖς ὀνόμασι σ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span> 13.6</span>: abs., <b class="b2">to become</b> or <b class="b2">be wise</b>, freq. in <span class="bibl">LXX, <span class="title">Ec.</span>7.24(23)</span>, al.; βέλτερος ἀλκήεντος ἔφυ σεσοφισμένος ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Ps.-Phoc.130</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> Med., <b class="b2">teach oneself, learn</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσοφίσατο ὅτι . .</b>he <b class="b2">became aware</b> that... <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>3.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Med. σοφίζομαι, with aor. Med. and pf. Pass. (v. infr.), <b class="b2">practise an art</b>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.19</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.678; <b class="b2">play subtle tricks, deal subtly</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>744</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.227</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν σοφιζόμεσθα τοῖσι δαίμοσι</b> <b class="b2">we use</b> no <b class="b2">subtleties</b> in dealing with the gods, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>200</span>; <b class="b2">to be scientific, speculate</b>, περὶ τὸ ὄνομα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>509d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>299b</span>, Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>3p.12H., etc.; <b class="b3">σοφιζόμενος φάναι</b> to say <b class="b2">rationalistically</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>229c</span>; <b class="b3">καίπερ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου</b> though he <b class="b2">has dealt</b> thus <b class="b2">craftily</b>, <span class="bibl">D.29.28</span>; <b class="b3">σοφίσασθαι πρός τι</b> <b class="b2">to use fraud</b> for an end, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.58.12</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἰητροὶ σοφιζόμενοι ἔστιν οἳ ἁμαρτάνουσι</b> <b class="b2">when they deal in subtleties</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span> 1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μυθικῶς σοφ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1000a18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>582a35</span>, <span class="bibl">D.35.56</span>; <b class="b3">σ. πρὸς τὸν νόμον</b> <b class="b2">evade</b> it, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>27</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">devise cleverly</b> or <b class="b2">skilfully</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.66</span>, <span class="bibl">8.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.80</span>; καινὰς ἰδέας σοφίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>547</span>; χαρίεντα καὶ σοφά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>1401</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλλότρια σ</b>. <b class="b2">meddle with</b> other men's <b class="b2">craft</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>299</span>; with internal acc., <b class="b3">ἀνόητα σ</b>. <b class="b2">exercise one's skill</b> without <b class="b3">νοῦς</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>283a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.46</span>; ὅσα . . σοφίζονται πρὸς τὸν δῆμον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a14</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι</b> this is the very thing one must <b class="b2">gain by craft</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>77</span>; <b class="b3">οἶνον ἀπὸ τῶν φοινίκων σ</b>. <b class="b2">make spurious</b> wine, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.6</span>; πορφύραν παρὰ τῆς κόχλου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Her.</span>19.15</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">σεσοφισμένοι μῦθοι</b> <b class="b2">craftily devised</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Pet.</span>1.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">σ. νόμον</b> <b class="b2">evade</b> it, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>2.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Palaeph.50</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>383.208 (Commagene, i B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">deceive</b>, τὸν Τίτον <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>4.2.3</span>; μή με σοφίζου <span class="title">AP</span>12.25 (Stat. Flacc.); τὸν δῆμον <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.10.7</span>; also σ. τὴν αἴσθησιν <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SD</span> 1.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> '<b class="b2">counter</b>' by a device, σοφίζεται τὴν βίαν τοῦ μηχανήματος <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>3.7.20</span>.</span> | |Definition=<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">make wise, instruct</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>18(19).8</span>; τινὰ εἰς σωτηρίαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Ti.</span>3.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Pass., <b class="b2">become</b> or <b class="b2">be clever</b> or <b class="b2">skilled in</b> a thing, c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος</b> <b class="b2">skilled in</b> seamanship, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>649</span>; Μοίσαι σεσοφισμέναι <span class="bibl">Ibyc.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1790.23</span>; so <b class="b3">ἐν τοῖς ὀνόμασι σ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span> 13.6</span>: abs., <b class="b2">to become</b> or <b class="b2">be wise</b>, freq. in <span class="bibl">LXX, <span class="title">Ec.</span>7.24(23)</span>, al.; βέλτερος ἀλκήεντος ἔφυ σεσοφισμένος ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Ps.-Phoc.130</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> Med., <b class="b2">teach oneself, learn</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσοφίσατο ὅτι . .</b>he <b class="b2">became aware</b> that... <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>3.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Med. σοφίζομαι, with aor. Med. and pf. Pass. (v. infr.), <b class="b2">practise an art</b>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.19</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.678; <b class="b2">play subtle tricks, deal subtly</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>744</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.227</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν σοφιζόμεσθα τοῖσι δαίμοσι</b> <b class="b2">we use</b> no <b class="b2">subtleties</b> in dealing with the gods, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>200</span>; <b class="b2">to be scientific, speculate</b>, περὶ τὸ ὄνομα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>509d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>299b</span>, Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>3p.12H., etc.; <b class="b3">σοφιζόμενος φάναι</b> to say <b class="b2">rationalistically</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>229c</span>; <b class="b3">καίπερ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου</b> though he <b class="b2">has dealt</b> thus <b class="b2">craftily</b>, <span class="bibl">D.29.28</span>; <b class="b3">σοφίσασθαι πρός τι</b> <b class="b2">to use fraud</b> for an end, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.58.12</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἰητροὶ σοφιζόμενοι ἔστιν οἳ ἁμαρτάνουσι</b> <b class="b2">when they deal in subtleties</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span> 1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μυθικῶς σοφ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1000a18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>582a35</span>, <span class="bibl">D.35.56</span>; <b class="b3">σ. πρὸς τὸν νόμον</b> <b class="b2">evade</b> it, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>27</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">devise cleverly</b> or <b class="b2">skilfully</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.66</span>, <span class="bibl">8.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.80</span>; καινὰς ἰδέας σοφίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>547</span>; χαρίεντα καὶ σοφά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>1401</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλλότρια σ</b>. <b class="b2">meddle with</b> other men's <b class="b2">craft</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>299</span>; with internal acc., <b class="b3">ἀνόητα σ</b>. <b class="b2">exercise one's skill</b> without <b class="b3">νοῦς</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>283a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.46</span>; ὅσα . . σοφίζονται πρὸς τὸν δῆμον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a14</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι</b> this is the very thing one must <b class="b2">gain by craft</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>77</span>; <b class="b3">οἶνον ἀπὸ τῶν φοινίκων σ</b>. <b class="b2">make spurious</b> wine, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.6</span>; πορφύραν παρὰ τῆς κόχλου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Her.</span>19.15</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">σεσοφισμένοι μῦθοι</b> <b class="b2">craftily devised</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Pet.</span>1.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">σ. νόμον</b> <b class="b2">evade</b> it, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>2.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>2.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Palaeph.50</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>383.208 (Commagene, i B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">deceive</b>, τὸν Τίτον <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>4.2.3</span>; μή με σοφίζου <span class="title">AP</span>12.25 (Stat. Flacc.); τὸν δῆμον <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.10.7</span>; also σ. τὴν αἴσθησιν <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SD</span> 1.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> '<b class="b2">counter</b>' by a device, σοφίζεται τὴν βίαν τοῦ μηχανήματος <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>3.7.20</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0914.png Seite 914]] Einen geschickt machen, unterrichten, ihn klug und weise machen; im act. selten u. nur bei Sp., wie 2 Timoth. 3, 15, LXX.; – pass., [[οὔτε]] τι ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος, [[οὔτε]] τι [[νηῶν]], Hes. O. 649, der Schifffahrt nicht kundig; ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι, klug erwägen, Soph. Phil. 77, kann aktivisch und passivisch genommen werden; in andern Stellen zweifellos dep., = klug, verständig sein, reden und handeln, u. mit dem acc. der Sache, Etwas geschickt, künstlich ersinnen, verständig machen u. einrichten; aor. med. Aristoph. Av. 1401 χαρίεντα ἐσοφίσω καὶ σοφά; Eur. I. A. 744 Bacch. 200, wie Ar. Equ. 718; ἀλλότρια, 299; Her. 2, 66. 8, 27; σεσόφισμαι mit aktiv. Sinne 1, 80; οὐκ οἶδ', ἅττα σοφίζει, Plat. Gorg. 497 a; [[περί]] τι, Rep. VI, 509 d Polit. 299 b; im entschieden guten Sinne, τοιαῦτα καὶ ἐμελετῶμεν καὶ ἐσοφιζόμεθα, Xen. Mem. 1, 2, 46; [[καί]] περ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου, Dem. 29, 28, u. öfter; aor. med., ὁ σοφισάμενος πρὸς τὸ λῦσαι τὸν ὅρκον, Pol. 6, 58, 12, wie ein Sophist, listig sprechen und handeln; πρὸς τὸν νόμον, gegen das Gesetz listig handeln, es schlau umgehen, Plut. Dem. 27; a. Sp., μή με σοφίζου, täusche, überliste mich nicht, Flacc. 2 (XII, 25). | |||
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Revision as of 19:30, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
A make wise, instruct, LXX Ps.18(19).8; τινὰ εἰς σωτηρίαν 2 Ep.Ti.3.15. 2 Pass., become or be clever or skilled in a thing, c. gen. rei, ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος skilled in seamanship, Hes.Op.649; Μοίσαι σεσοφισμέναι Ibyc.Oxy.1790.23; so ἐν τοῖς ὀνόμασι σ. X.Cyn. 13.6: abs., to become or be wise, freq. in LXX, Ec.7.24(23), al.; βέλτερος ἀλκήεντος ἔφυ σεσοφισμένος ἀνήρ Ps.-Phoc.130. 3 Med., teach oneself, learn, ἐσοφίσατο ὅτι . .he became aware that... LXX 1 Ki.3.8. II Med. σοφίζομαι, with aor. Med. and pf. Pass. (v. infr.), practise an art, Thgn.19, IG12.678; play subtle tricks, deal subtly, E.IA744, D.18.227, etc.; οὐδὲν σοφιζόμεσθα τοῖσι δαίμοσι we use no subtleties in dealing with the gods, E.Ba.200; to be scientific, speculate, περὶ τὸ ὄνομα Pl.R.509d, cf. Plt.299b, Muson.Fr.3p.12H., etc.; σοφιζόμενος φάναι to say rationalistically, Pl.Phdr.229c; καίπερ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου though he has dealt thus craftily, D.29.28; σοφίσασθαι πρός τι to use fraud for an end, Plb.6.58.12; οἱ ἰητροὶ σοφιζόμενοι ἔστιν οἳ ἁμαρτάνουσι when they deal in subtleties, Hp.Fract. 1; οἱ μυθικῶς σοφ. Arist.Metaph.1000a18, cf. HA582a35, D.35.56; σ. πρὸς τὸν νόμον evade it, Plu.Dem.27. 2 c. acc. rei, devise cleverly or skilfully, Hdt.2.66, 8.27, cf. 1.80; καινὰς ἰδέας σοφίζεσθαι Ar.Nu.547; χαρίεντα καὶ σοφά Id.Av.1401; ἀλλότρια σ. meddle with other men's craft, Id.Eq.299; with internal acc., ἀνόητα σ. exercise one's skill without νοῦς, Pl.Hp.Ma.283a, cf. X.Mem.1.2.46; ὅσα . . σοφίζονται πρὸς τὸν δῆμον Arist.Pol.1297a14; ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι this is the very thing one must gain by craft, S.Ph.77; οἶνον ἀπὸ τῶν φοινίκων σ. make spurious wine, Philostr.VA2.6; πορφύραν παρὰ τῆς κόχλου Id.Her.19.15:—Pass., σεσοφισμένοι μῦθοι craftily devised, 2 Ep.Pet.1.16. b σ. νόμον evade it, Philostr.VA2.40, cf. Ael.VH2.41, Palaeph.50, OGI383.208 (Commagene, i B.C.). 3 c. acc. pers., deceive, τὸν Τίτον J.BJ4.2.3; μή με σοφίζου AP12.25 (Stat. Flacc.); τὸν δῆμον Hdn.7.10.7; also σ. τὴν αἴσθησιν Aret.SD 1.15. 4 'counter' by a device, σοφίζεται τὴν βίαν τοῦ μηχανήματος J.BJ3.7.20.
German (Pape)
[Seite 914] Einen geschickt machen, unterrichten, ihn klug und weise machen; im act. selten u. nur bei Sp., wie 2 Timoth. 3, 15, LXX.; – pass., οὔτε τι ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος, οὔτε τι νηῶν, Hes. O. 649, der Schifffahrt nicht kundig; ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι, klug erwägen, Soph. Phil. 77, kann aktivisch und passivisch genommen werden; in andern Stellen zweifellos dep., = klug, verständig sein, reden und handeln, u. mit dem acc. der Sache, Etwas geschickt, künstlich ersinnen, verständig machen u. einrichten; aor. med. Aristoph. Av. 1401 χαρίεντα ἐσοφίσω καὶ σοφά; Eur. I. A. 744 Bacch. 200, wie Ar. Equ. 718; ἀλλότρια, 299; Her. 2, 66. 8, 27; σεσόφισμαι mit aktiv. Sinne 1, 80; οὐκ οἶδ', ἅττα σοφίζει, Plat. Gorg. 497 a; περί τι, Rep. VI, 509 d Polit. 299 b; im entschieden guten Sinne, τοιαῦτα καὶ ἐμελετῶμεν καὶ ἐσοφιζόμεθα, Xen. Mem. 1, 2, 46; καί περ οὕτω τούτου σεσοφισμένου, Dem. 29, 28, u. öfter; aor. med., ὁ σοφισάμενος πρὸς τὸ λῦσαι τὸν ὅρκον, Pol. 6, 58, 12, wie ein Sophist, listig sprechen und handeln; πρὸς τὸν νόμον, gegen das Gesetz listig handeln, es schlau umgehen, Plut. Dem. 27; a. Sp., μή με σοφίζου, täusche, überliste mich nicht, Flacc. 2 (XII, 25).
