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|lshtext=<b>gĕnus</b>: ĕris, n. = [[γένος]], [[root]] GEN, [[gigno]], [[gens]],<br /><b>I</b> [[birth]], [[descent]], [[origin]]; and concr., a [[race]], [[stock]], etc. (cf.: [[familia]], [[gens]], [[stirps]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: bono genere gnati, [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17; cf.: ii, qui nobili genere nati sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180: amplissimo genere [[natus]], Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 4: genere [[regio]] [[natus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 33: C. [[Laelius]], cum ei [[quidam]] [[malo]] genere [[natus]] diceret, indignum esse suis majoribus, at [[hercule]], inquit, tu tuis [[dignus]], id. de Or. 2, 71, 286: genere et nobilitate et [[pecunia]] sui municipii [[facile]] [[primus]], id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: esse genere [[divino]], id. Rep. 2, 2: contempsisti L. Murenae [[genus]], extulisti tuum, id. Mur. 7, 15: hic sacra, hic [[genus]], hic majorum [[multa]] vestigia, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3; cf. id. Brut. 58, 212; id. Rep. 1, 18: [[adulescens]], cujus spei [[nihil]] [[praeter]] [[genus]] patricium deesset, Liv. 6, 34, 11: in famam generis ac familiae, Quint. 3, 11, 12; 5, 10, 24: [[genus]] Lentulorum, id. 6, 3, 67: [[Atys]], [[genus]] [[unde]] Atii duxere Latini, Verg. A. 5, 568: [[fortuna]] non mutat [[genus]], Hor. Epod. 4, 6: virginem plebei generis petiere juvenes, [[alter]] virgini genere [[par]], [[alter]], etc., Liv. 4, 9, 4: qui sibi falsum [[nomen]] imposuerit, [[genus]] parentesve finxerit, etc., Plaut. Sent. 5, 25, 11.—Plur.: summis gnati generibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 20.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., [[birth]], for [[high]] or [[noble]] [[birth]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]].): cum certi [[propter]] divitias aut [[genus]] aut aliquas [[opes]] rem publicam tenent, est [[factio]], Cic. Rep. 3, 14: pol mihi [[fortuna]] [[magis]] [[nunc]] defit [[quam]] [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 394 Vahl.): et [[genus]] et [[virtus]], [[nisi]] cum re vilior [[alga]] est, Hor. S. 2, 5, 8; cf.: et [[genus]] et formam [[regina]] [[pecunia]] donat, id. Ep. 1, 6, 37: non, Torquate, [[genus]], non te [[facundia]], non te Restituet [[pietas]], id. C. 4, 7, 23: jactes et [[genus]] et [[nomen]] inutile, id. ib. 1, 14, 13; cf.: cui [[genus]] et [[quondam]] [[nomen]] natique fuissent, Verg. A. 5, 621: [[nunc]] jam nobis patribus vobisque plebei [[promiscuus]] [[consulatus]] patet, nec generis, ut [[ante]], sed virtutis est [[praemium]], Liv. 7, 32, 14; cf. id. 4, 4, 7.<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> Like [[gens]] and [[stirps]], a [[descendant]], [[offspring]], [[child]]; and [[collect]]., descendants, [[posterity]], [[race]] ([[poet]].): [[neve]] tu [[umquam]] in [[gremium]] extollas liberorum ex te [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): [[credo]] [[equidem]], [[genus]] esse deorum, Verg. A. 4, 12: Uraniae [[genus]], [[Hymen]], i. e. her [[son]], Cat. 61, 2: [[audax]] Iapeti, i. e. his [[son]] [[Prometheus]], Hor. C. 1, 3, 27: Jovis, i. e. [[Perseus]], Ov. M. 4, 609; cf. also Prop. 2, 2, 9; Hor. C. 2, 14, 18: [[genus]] Adrasti, i. e. Diomede, [[grandson]] of [[Adrastus]], Ov. F. 6, 433; so of a [[grandson]], id. M. 2, 743; cf. nepotum, Hor. C. 3, 17, 4: Tantali [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 18, 37: [[Danai]], id. ib. 2, 14, 18: Messi clarum [[genus]] [[Osci]], id. S. 1, 5, 54: ab [[alto]] Demissum [[genus]] [[Aenea]], i. e. [[Octavianus]], as the [[adopted]] [[son]] of [[Julius]] Cœsar, id. ib. 2, 5, 63: [[sive]] neglectum [[genus]] et nepotes Respicis [[auctor]], i. e. the Romans, id. C. 1, 2, 35; cf. ib. 3, 6, 18: regium [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 4, 15. —<br /> <b>B</b> Of an [[assemblage]] of objects (persons, animals, plants, [[inanimate]] or [[abstract]] things) [[which]] are [[related]] or belong [[together]] in [[consequence]] of a [[resemblance]] in [[natural]] qualities; a [[race]], [[stock]], [[class]], [[sort]], [[species]], [[kind]] (in this signif. [[most]] freq. in all periods and kinds of [[writing]]).<br /> <b>1</b> In gen.<br /> <b>a</b> Of [[living]] things: ne [[genus]] humanum temporis longinquitate occideret, [[propter]] hoc marem cum [[femina]] esse coniunctum, Cic. ap. Col. 12, 1 (Fragm. Cic. 1, 5 Baiter): [[quod]] ex infinita societate generis humani ita contracta res est, etc., of the [[human]] [[race]], Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 2 fin.: o deorum [[quicquid]] in [[caelo]] regit Terras et humanum [[genus]], Hor. Epod. 5, 2; for [[which]]: consulere generi hominum, Cic. Rep. 3, 12; cf.: cum omni hominum genere, id. ib. 2, 26; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7: solivagum [[genus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 25: [[potens]] vir cum [[inter]] sui corporis homines tum [[etiam]] ad plebem, [[quod]] haudquaquam [[inter]] id [[genus]] [[contemptor]] ejus habebatur, i. e. [[among]] the Plebeians, Liv. 6, 34, 5: Graium [[genus]], the Grecian [[race]], Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 149 Vahl.): [[virtus]] est propria Romani generis [[atque]] seminis, Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 13; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 86: [[Ubii]], [[paulo]] [[quam]] sunt ejusdem generis et ceteris humaniores, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 3; cf. also: impellit alios (Aeduos) [[iracundia]] et [[temeritas]], quae [[maxime]] [[illi]] hominum generi est innata, [[race]] of men, id. ib. 7, 42, 2; so, [[like]] [[gens]], of nations, peoples, tribes: [[ferox]], Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. s. v. [[insolens]], p. 241 Lind. (Hist. 1, 14 Gerl.); Liv. 34, 7, 6: implacidum ([[Genauni]]), Hor. C. 4, 14, 10: durum ac [[velox]] ([[Ligures]]), Flor. 2, 3, 4: omne in paludes diffugerat, id. 3, 10, 14: Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 4, 9: Numidarum, Liv. 30, 12, 18: [[genus]] omne nomenque Macedonum, id. 13, 44, 6; Nep. Reg. 2: Italici generis multi mortales, Sall. J. 47, 1: Illyriorum, Liv. 27, 32, 4; 27, 48, 10; 42, 47 fin.: Scytharum, Just. 2, 3, 16; Tac. H. 2, 4; Suet. Ner. 37; Vell. 2, 118, 1.—In plur.: [[conventus]] is, qui ex variis generibus constaret, Caes. B. C. 2, 36, 1: [[olim]] [[isti]] fuit generi [[quondam]] [[quaestus]] [[apud]] [[saeclum]] [[prius]] ... est [[genus]] hominum, qui se primos esse omnium rerum volunt, [[class]] of men, [[profession]], Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 15 and 17: firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici), cujus generis est magna [[penuria]], Cic. Lael. 17, 62: saepius [[genus]] ejus hominis (sc. procuratoris rei publicae) erit in reliqua nobis oratione tractandum, id. Rep. 2, 29 fin.; cf.: [[genus]] aliud tyrannorum, id. ib. 1, 44: judicum [[genus]] et [[forma]], id. Phil. 5, 5, 13: istius generis asoti, id. Fin. 2, 8, 23; cf.: omnium ejus generis poëtarum [[haud]] [[dubie]] [[proximus]], Quint. 10, 1, 85: liberrimum hominum, id. 10, 12, 2, § 22: irritabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102: hoc omne (ambubajarum, etc.), id. S. 1, 2, 2: hominum [[virile]], muliebre, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: [[equidem]] fabulam et fictam rem ducebam esse, virorum omne [[genus]] in [[aliqua]] [[insula]] conjuratione muliebri ab stirpe sublatum esse, Liv. 34, 2, 3: cedat consulari generi [[praetorium]], Cic. Planc. 6, 15: ad militare [[genus]] = ad milites, Liv. 24, 32, 2: [[alia]] [[militaris]] generis [[turba]], id. 44, 45, 13: castellani, agreste [[genus]], id. 34, 27, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.—Sing. [[with]] plur. [[predicate]]: Ministrantibus sibi omni genere turpium personarum, [[Capitol]]. Ver. 4.—In plur.: eorum hominum ... genera sunt duo, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 1: tria auditorum, Quint. 3, 4, 6.— Repeated in the [[relative]]-[[clause]]: duo genera [[semper]] in hac civitate fuerunt ... quibus ex generibus, Cic. Sest. 45, 96.—In the acc., of [[description]] (v. Roby's Gram. 2, p. 42 sq.): [[quot]] et [[quod]] [[genus]] pastores habendi, of [[what]] [[kind]], Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1: [[quod]] [[genus]] ii sunt, etc., Auct. Her. 2, 30, 48; cf. in the foll.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Of animals, plants, etc.: [[genus]] altivolantum, the [[race]] of birds, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 84 Vahl.); cf.: [[genu]]' pennis condecoratum, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59: lanigerum, id. Fragm. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Cyprio, p. 59 Müll.: squamigerum, Lucr. 1, 162; cf. piscium, Hor. C. 1, 2, 9: silvestre, Lucr. 5, 1411: omne ferarum, id. 5, 1338: [[acre]] leonum, id. 5, 862: malefici generis plurima animalia, Sall. J. 17, 6: diversum confusa [[genus]] [[panthera]] camelo, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: animantūm propagare [[genus]], to [[propagate]] the [[race]], Lucr. 1, 195: ad [[genus]] faciendum, Just. 2, 9 fin.: juxta [[genus]] suum, Vulg. Gen. 1, 11 saep.— Plur.: quae [[vero]] et [[quam]] [[varia]] genera bestiarum vel cicurum vel ferarum! Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99: piscium genera, Quint. 5, 10, 21.—In the acc., of [[description]]: [[porticus]] avibus omne [[genus]] oppletae, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 11: pascuntur omne [[genus]] objecto frumento, id. ib. 3, 6: boves et id [[genus]] pecua, App. M. 2, p. 115, 4; id. Flor. p. 37. —<br /> <b>b</b> Of inanim. and abstr. things, [[kind]], [[sort]], [[description]], [[class]], [[order]], [[character]]: [[genus]] ullum materiaï, Lucr. 2, 304: cum is (sol) [[quoque]] efficiat, ut omnia floreant et in suo quaeque genere pubescant, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41: naves omni genere armorum ornatissimae, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 2: cibi [[genus]], id. ib. 4, 1, 9: cum omni genere [[commeatus]], Liv. 30, 36, 2: frugum, id. 38, 15, 9: hoc sphaerae [[genus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 14: hoc [[triplex]] rerum publicarum [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 23: [[regale]] civitatis, id. ib.; cf.: totum regiae civitatis, id. ib. 2, 29: novum imperii, id. ib. 2, 32: ipsum istud [[genus]] orationis [[exspecto]], id. ib. 1, 24 fin.; cf.: [[dulce]] orationis, id. Or. 13, 42: [[qua]] re esset hoc [[bellum]] genere ipso necessarium, id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; cf.: [[genus]] hoc erat pugnae, quo, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 4: [[potestas]] annua (consulum) genere ipso ac jure [[regia]], Cic. Rep. 2, 32: [[genus]] vitae ... [[genus]] aetatis, id. Off. 1, 32, 117: optimum emendandi, Quint. 10, 4, 2: dicendi, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3; Quint. 8, 3, 56; 12, 10, 69: [[simplex]] rectumque loquendi, id. 9, 3, 3: [[omnis]] generis tormenta, Liv. 32, 16, 10: [[praeda]] [[ingens]] [[omnis]] generis, id. 27, 5, 9; so, [[omnis]] generis, [[with]] [[tela]], id. 38, 26, 4; [[with]] naves, id. 34, 8, 5; [[with]] [[eloquentia]], id. 39, 40, 7, etc.—Repeated in the [[relative]]-[[clause]]: erat haec ([[ratio]]) ex [[eodem]] genere, [[quod]] ego [[maxime]] [[genus]] ex sociorum litteris reperire cupiebam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183.—In plur.: [[Caesar]] haec genera munitionis instituit, Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 1: disserere de generibus et de rationibus civitatum, Cic. Rep. 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 26; 28: genera juris institutorum, [[morum]] consuetudinumque describere, id. ib. 3, 10: genera furandi, id. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 18.—In the acc., of [[description]]: omne, hoc, id, [[quod]] [[genus]], for [[omnis]], ejus, hujus, cujus generis, of [[every]], of this, of [[which]] [[kind]]: sub urbe hortum omne [[genus]], coronamenta omne [[genus]], [[Cato]], R. R. 8, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 1: omne [[genus]] simulacra feruntur, Lucr. 4, 735: si hoc [[genus]] rebus non proficitur, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23; id. L. L. 9, § 110 Müll.; Lucr. 6, 917 and Hor. S. 2, 6, 44: in id [[genus]] verbis, Varr. L. L. 10, § 79; 8, 7, 108, § 17: in id [[genus]] libris, Gell. 3, 8, 1: scis me [[ante]] orationes aut aliquid id [[genus]] solitum scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: vitanda sunt [[illa]], quae propinqua videntur: [[quod]] [[genus]], fidentiae contrarium est [[diffidentia]], etc., for [[example]], id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; so ib. 2, 52, 157; 2, 54, 162; 2, 57, 172; Lucr. 4, 271; 6, 1058: lege jus est id [[quod]] populi jussu sanctum est, [[quod]] [[genus]]: ut in jus eas cum voceris, Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; cf. ib. sqq.— In gen.: i. q. res or aliquid: ut in omni genere hujus populi ([[Graeci]]) consuetudinem videretur [[imitatus]], in all respects, in [[everything]], Cic. Rep. 2, 20; cf.: innumerabiles res sunt, in quibus te [[quotidie]] in omni genere desiderem, id. Q. Fr. 2, 2 fin.: incredibile est, [[quam]] me in omni genere delectarit, id. Att. 16, 5, 2: medici [[assiduitas]] et tota [[domus]] in omni genere [[diligens]], id. ib. 12, 33, 2; 7, 1, 2: qui in [[aliquo]] genere aut [[inconcinnus]] aut [[multus]] est, is [[ineptus]] dicitur, in [[any]] [[respect]] [[whatever]], id. de Or. 2, 4, 17: [[qua]] de re et de hoc genere toto pauca cognosce, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Adverb.: in [[genus]], in [[general]], [[generally]]: sermones in [[genus]] communes, Gell. 4, 1 fin.—<br /> <b>2</b> In partic.<br /> <b>a</b> In philos. lang., opp. partes, and comprising [[them]] [[within]] itself, a [[general]] [[term]], [[logical]] [[genus]]: [[genus]] est id, [[quod]] sui similes communione quadam, specie [[autem]] differentes, duas aut [[plures]] complectitur partes, Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189; cf.: [[genus]] est, [[quod]] [[plures]] partes amplectitur, ut [[animal]]; [[pars]] est, quae subest generi, ut [[equus]]. Sed [[saepe]] [[eadem]] res alii [[genus]], alii [[pars]] est: nam [[homo]] [[animalis]] [[pars]] est, Thebani aut Trojani [[genus]], id. de Inv. 1, 22, 32: [[genus]] est, [[quod]] partes aliquas amplectitur, ut [[cupiditas]]; [[pars]] est, quae subest generi, ut cupiditati [[amor]], [[avaritia]], id. ib. 1, 28, 42; cf. also: [[genus]] est [[notio]] ad [[plures]] differentias pertinens, id. Top. 7, 31: nec [[vero]] [[sine]] philosophorum [[disciplina]] [[genus]] et speciem cujusque rei cernere [[neque]] eam definiendo explicare nec tribuere in partes possumus, etc., id. Or. 4, 16; cf. ib. 33, 117: formae dicendi specie dispares, genere laudabiles, id. de Or. 3, 9, 34: perturbationes sunt genere quatuor, partibus [[plures]], id. Tusc. 3, 11, 24; cf. ib. 5, 25, 71: et conjuncta quaeremus, et genera et partes generibus subjectas, et similitudines, etc., id. de Or. 2, 39, 166; opp. [[species]] and [[pars]], Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3.—<br /> <b>b</b> In gram., [[gender]]: transversi sunt (ordines) qui ab [[recto]] casu obliqui declinantur, ut [[albus]], albi, [[albo]]; directi sunt, qui ab [[recto]] casu in rectos declinantur, ut [[albus]], [[alba]], [[album]]. Transversorum ordinum partes appellantur [[casus]], directorum genera: utrisque [[inter]] se implicatis [[forma]], Varr. L. L. 10, § 22 Müll.: [[quod]] ad verborum temporalium rationem attinet, cum partes sint quatuor: temporum, personarum, generum, divisionum, etc., ib. 9, § 95: in nominibus tria genera, Quint. 1, 4, 23: barbarismum fieri per numeros aut genera, id. 1, 5, 16; 9, 3, 6: in verbis [[quoque]] [[quis]] est [[adeo]] [[imperitus]], ut ignoret genera et qualitates, etc., id. 1, 4, 27.<br /><b>gĕnus</b>: ūs, v. [[genu]]. | |lshtext=<b>gĕnus</b>: ĕris, n. = [[γένος]], [[root]] GEN, [[gigno]], [[gens]],<br /><b>I</b> [[birth]], [[descent]], [[origin]]; and concr., a [[race]], [[stock]], etc. (cf.: [[familia]], [[gens]], [[stirps]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: bono genere gnati, [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17; cf.: ii, qui nobili genere nati sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180: amplissimo genere [[natus]], Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 4: genere [[regio]] [[natus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 33: C. [[Laelius]], cum ei [[quidam]] [[malo]] genere [[natus]] diceret, indignum esse suis majoribus, at [[hercule]], inquit, tu tuis [[dignus]], id. de Or. 2, 71, 286: genere et nobilitate et [[pecunia]] sui municipii [[facile]] [[primus]], id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: esse genere [[divino]], id. Rep. 2, 2: contempsisti L. Murenae [[genus]], extulisti tuum, id. Mur. 7, 15: hic sacra, hic [[genus]], hic majorum [[multa]] vestigia, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3; cf. id. Brut. 58, 212; id. Rep. 1, 18: [[adulescens]], cujus spei [[nihil]] [[praeter]] [[genus]] patricium deesset, Liv. 6, 34, 11: in famam generis ac familiae, Quint. 3, 11, 12; 5, 10, 24: [[genus]] Lentulorum, id. 6, 3, 67: [[Atys]], [[genus]] [[unde]] Atii duxere Latini, Verg. A. 5, 568: [[fortuna]] non mutat [[genus]], Hor. Epod. 4, 6: virginem plebei generis petiere juvenes, [[alter]] virgini genere [[par]], [[alter]], etc., Liv. 4, 9, 4: qui sibi falsum [[nomen]] imposuerit, [[genus]] parentesve finxerit, etc., Plaut. Sent. 5, 25, 11.—Plur.: summis gnati generibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 20.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., [[birth]], for [[high]] or [[noble]] [[birth]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]].): cum certi [[propter]] divitias aut [[genus]] aut aliquas [[opes]] rem publicam tenent, est [[factio]], Cic. Rep. 3, 14: pol mihi [[fortuna]] [[magis]] [[nunc]] defit [[quam]] [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 394 Vahl.): et [[genus]] et [[virtus]], [[nisi]] cum re vilior [[alga]] est, Hor. S. 2, 5, 8; cf.: et [[genus]] et formam [[regina]] [[pecunia]] donat, id. Ep. 1, 6, 37: non, Torquate, [[genus]], non te [[facundia]], non te Restituet [[pietas]], id. C. 4, 7, 23: jactes et [[genus]] et [[nomen]] inutile, id. ib. 1, 14, 13; cf.: cui [[genus]] et [[quondam]] [[nomen]] natique fuissent, Verg. A. 5, 621: [[nunc]] jam nobis patribus vobisque plebei [[promiscuus]] [[consulatus]] patet, nec generis, ut [[ante]], sed virtutis est [[praemium]], Liv. 7, 32, 14; cf. id. 4, 4, 7.<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br /> <b>A</b> Like [[gens]] and [[stirps]], a [[descendant]], [[offspring]], [[child]]; and [[collect]]., descendants, [[posterity]], [[race]] ([[poet]].): [[neve]] tu [[umquam]] in [[gremium]] extollas liberorum ex te [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): [[credo]] [[equidem]], [[genus]] esse deorum, Verg. A. 4, 12: Uraniae [[genus]], [[Hymen]], i. e. her [[son]], Cat. 61, 2: [[audax]] Iapeti, i. e. his [[son]] [[Prometheus]], Hor. C. 1, 3, 27: Jovis, i. e. [[Perseus]], Ov. M. 4, 609; cf. also Prop. 2, 2, 9; Hor. C. 2, 14, 18: [[genus]] Adrasti, i. e. Diomede, [[grandson]] of [[Adrastus]], Ov. F. 6, 433; so of a [[grandson]], id. M. 2, 743; cf. nepotum, Hor. C. 3, 17, 4: Tantali [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 18, 37: [[Danai]], id. ib. 2, 14, 18: Messi clarum [[genus]] [[Osci]], id. S. 1, 5, 54: ab [[alto]] Demissum [[genus]] [[Aenea]], i. e. [[Octavianus]], as the [[adopted]] [[son]] of [[Julius]] Cœsar, id. ib. 2, 5, 63: [[sive]] neglectum [[genus]] et nepotes Respicis [[auctor]], i. e. the Romans, id. C. 1, 2, 35; cf. ib. 3, 6, 18: regium [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 4, 15. —<br /> <b>B</b> Of an [[assemblage]] of objects (persons, animals, plants, [[inanimate]] or [[abstract]] things) [[which]] are [[related]] or belong [[together]] in [[consequence]] of a [[resemblance]] in [[natural]] qualities; a [[race]], [[stock]], [[class]], [[sort]], [[species]], [[kind]] (in this signif. [[most]] freq. in all periods and kinds of [[writing]]).<br /> <b>1</b> In gen.<br /> <b>a</b> Of [[living]] things: ne [[genus]] humanum temporis longinquitate occideret, [[propter]] hoc marem cum [[femina]] esse coniunctum, Cic. ap. Col. 12, 1 (Fragm. Cic. 1, 5 Baiter): [[quod]] ex infinita societate generis humani ita contracta res est, etc., of the [[human]] [[race]], Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 2 fin.: o deorum [[quicquid]] in [[caelo]] regit Terras et humanum [[genus]], Hor. Epod. 5, 2; for [[which]]: consulere generi hominum, Cic. Rep. 3, 12; cf.: cum omni hominum genere, id. ib. 2, 26; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7: solivagum [[genus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 25: [[potens]] vir cum [[inter]] sui corporis homines tum [[etiam]] ad plebem, [[quod]] haudquaquam [[inter]] id [[genus]] [[contemptor]] ejus habebatur, i. e. [[among]] the Plebeians, Liv. 6, 34, 5: Graium [[genus]], the Grecian [[race]], Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 149 Vahl.): [[virtus]] est propria Romani generis [[atque]] seminis, Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 13; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 86: [[Ubii]], [[paulo]] [[quam]] sunt ejusdem generis et ceteris humaniores, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 3; cf. also: impellit alios (Aeduos) [[iracundia]] et [[temeritas]], quae [[maxime]] [[illi]] hominum generi est innata, [[race]] of men, id. ib. 7, 42, 2; so, [[like]] [[gens]], of nations, peoples, tribes: [[ferox]], Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. s. v. [[insolens]], p. 241 Lind. (Hist. 1, 14 Gerl.); Liv. 34, 7, 6: implacidum ([[Genauni]]), Hor. C. 4, 14, 10: durum ac [[velox]] ([[Ligures]]), Flor. 2, 3, 4: omne in paludes diffugerat, id. 3, 10, 14: Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 4, 9: Numidarum, Liv. 30, 12, 18: [[genus]] omne nomenque Macedonum, id. 13, 44, 6; Nep. Reg. 2: Italici generis multi mortales, Sall. J. 47, 1: Illyriorum, Liv. 27, 32, 4; 27, 48, 10; 42, 47 fin.: Scytharum, Just. 2, 3, 16; Tac. H. 2, 4; Suet. Ner. 37; Vell. 2, 118, 1.—In plur.: [[conventus]] is, qui ex variis generibus constaret, Caes. B. C. 2, 36, 1: [[olim]] [[isti]] fuit generi [[quondam]] [[quaestus]] [[apud]] [[saeclum]] [[prius]] ... est [[genus]] hominum, qui se primos esse omnium rerum volunt, [[class]] of men, [[profession]], Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 15 and 17: firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici), cujus generis est magna [[penuria]], Cic. Lael. 17, 62: saepius [[genus]] ejus hominis (sc. procuratoris rei publicae) erit in reliqua nobis oratione tractandum, id. Rep. 2, 29 fin.; cf.: [[genus]] aliud tyrannorum, id. ib. 1, 44: judicum [[genus]] et [[forma]], id. Phil. 5, 5, 13: istius generis asoti, id. Fin. 2, 8, 23; cf.: omnium ejus generis poëtarum [[haud]] [[dubie]] [[proximus]], Quint. 10, 1, 85: liberrimum hominum, id. 10, 12, 2, § 22: irritabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102: hoc omne (ambubajarum, etc.), id. S. 1, 2, 2: hominum [[virile]], muliebre, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: [[equidem]] fabulam et fictam rem ducebam esse, virorum omne [[genus]] in [[aliqua]] [[insula]] conjuratione muliebri ab stirpe sublatum esse, Liv. 34, 2, 3: cedat consulari generi [[praetorium]], Cic. Planc. 6, 15: ad militare [[genus]] = ad milites, Liv. 24, 32, 2: [[alia]] [[militaris]] generis [[turba]], id. 44, 45, 13: castellani, agreste [[genus]], id. 34, 27, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.—Sing. [[with]] plur. [[predicate]]: Ministrantibus sibi omni genere turpium personarum, [[Capitol]]. Ver. 4.—In plur.: eorum hominum ... genera sunt duo, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 1: tria auditorum, Quint. 3, 4, 6.— Repeated in the [[relative]]-[[clause]]: duo genera [[semper]] in hac civitate fuerunt ... quibus ex generibus, Cic. Sest. 45, 96.—In the acc., of [[description]] (v. Roby's Gram. 2, p. 42 sq.): [[quot]] et [[quod]] [[genus]] pastores habendi, of [[what]] [[kind]], Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1: [[quod]] [[genus]] ii sunt, etc., Auct. Her. 2, 30, 48; cf. in the foll.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Of animals, plants, etc.: [[genus]] altivolantum, the [[race]] of birds, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 84 Vahl.); cf.: [[genu]]' pennis condecoratum, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59: lanigerum, id. Fragm. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Cyprio, p. 59 Müll.: squamigerum, Lucr. 1, 162; cf. piscium, Hor. C. 1, 2, 9: silvestre, Lucr. 5, 1411: omne ferarum, id. 5, 1338: [[acre]] leonum, id. 5, 862: malefici generis plurima animalia, Sall. J. 17, 6: diversum confusa [[genus]] [[panthera]] camelo, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: animantūm propagare [[genus]], to [[propagate]] the [[race]], Lucr. 1, 195: ad [[genus]] faciendum, Just. 2, 9 fin.: juxta [[genus]] suum, Vulg. Gen. 1, 11 saep.— Plur.: quae [[vero]] et [[quam]] [[varia]] genera bestiarum vel cicurum vel ferarum! Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99: piscium genera, Quint. 5, 10, 21.—In the acc., of [[description]]: [[porticus]] avibus omne [[genus]] oppletae, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 11: pascuntur omne [[genus]] objecto frumento, id. ib. 3, 6: boves et id [[genus]] pecua, App. M. 2, p. 115, 4; id. Flor. p. 37. —<br /> <b>b</b> Of inanim. and abstr. things, [[kind]], [[sort]], [[description]], [[class]], [[order]], [[character]]: [[genus]] ullum materiaï, Lucr. 2, 304: cum is (sol) [[quoque]] efficiat, ut omnia floreant et in suo quaeque genere pubescant, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41: naves omni genere armorum ornatissimae, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 2: cibi [[genus]], id. ib. 4, 1, 9: cum omni genere [[commeatus]], Liv. 30, 36, 2: frugum, id. 38, 15, 9: hoc sphaerae [[genus]], Cic. Rep. 1, 14: hoc [[triplex]] rerum publicarum [[genus]], id. ib. 2, 23: [[regale]] civitatis, id. ib.; cf.: totum regiae civitatis, id. ib. 2, 29: novum imperii, id. ib. 2, 32: ipsum istud [[genus]] orationis [[exspecto]], id. ib. 1, 24 fin.; cf.: [[dulce]] orationis, id. Or. 13, 42: [[qua]] re esset hoc [[bellum]] genere ipso necessarium, id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; cf.: [[genus]] hoc erat pugnae, quo, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 4: [[potestas]] annua (consulum) genere ipso ac jure [[regia]], Cic. Rep. 2, 32: [[genus]] vitae ... [[genus]] aetatis, id. Off. 1, 32, 117: optimum emendandi, Quint. 10, 4, 2: dicendi, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3; Quint. 8, 3, 56; 12, 10, 69: [[simplex]] rectumque loquendi, id. 9, 3, 3: [[omnis]] generis tormenta, Liv. 32, 16, 10: [[praeda]] [[ingens]] [[omnis]] generis, id. 27, 5, 9; so, [[omnis]] generis, [[with]] [[tela]], id. 38, 26, 4; [[with]] naves, id. 34, 8, 5; [[with]] [[eloquentia]], id. 39, 40, 7, etc.—Repeated in the [[relative]]-[[clause]]: erat haec ([[ratio]]) ex [[eodem]] genere, [[quod]] ego [[maxime]] [[genus]] ex sociorum litteris reperire cupiebam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183.—In plur.: [[Caesar]] haec genera munitionis instituit, Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 1: disserere de generibus et de rationibus civitatum, Cic. Rep. 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 26; 28: genera juris institutorum, [[morum]] consuetudinumque describere, id. ib. 3, 10: genera furandi, id. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 18.—In the acc., of [[description]]: omne, hoc, id, [[quod]] [[genus]], for [[omnis]], ejus, hujus, cujus generis, of [[every]], of this, of [[which]] [[kind]]: sub urbe hortum omne [[genus]], coronamenta omne [[genus]], [[Cato]], R. R. 8, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 1: omne [[genus]] simulacra feruntur, Lucr. 4, 735: si hoc [[genus]] rebus non proficitur, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23; id. L. L. 9, § 110 Müll.; Lucr. 6, 917 and Hor. S. 2, 6, 44: in id [[genus]] verbis, Varr. L. L. 10, § 79; 8, 7, 108, § 17: in id [[genus]] libris, Gell. 3, 8, 1: scis me [[ante]] orationes aut aliquid id [[genus]] solitum scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: vitanda sunt [[illa]], quae propinqua videntur: [[quod]] [[genus]], fidentiae contrarium est [[diffidentia]], etc., for [[example]], id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; so ib. 2, 52, 157; 2, 54, 162; 2, 57, 172; Lucr. 4, 271; 6, 1058: lege jus est id [[quod]] populi jussu sanctum est, [[quod]] [[genus]]: ut in jus eas cum voceris, Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; cf. ib. sqq.— In gen.: i. q. res or aliquid: ut in omni genere hujus populi ([[Graeci]]) consuetudinem videretur [[imitatus]], in all respects, in [[everything]], Cic. Rep. 2, 20; cf.: innumerabiles res sunt, in quibus te [[quotidie]] in omni genere desiderem, id. Q. Fr. 2, 2 fin.: incredibile est, [[quam]] me in omni genere delectarit, id. Att. 16, 5, 2: medici [[assiduitas]] et tota [[domus]] in omni genere [[diligens]], id. ib. 12, 33, 2; 7, 1, 2: qui in [[aliquo]] genere aut [[inconcinnus]] aut [[multus]] est, is [[ineptus]] dicitur, in [[any]] [[respect]] [[whatever]], id. de Or. 2, 4, 17: [[qua]] de re et de hoc genere toto pauca cognosce, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Adverb.: in [[genus]], in [[general]], [[generally]]: sermones in [[genus]] communes, Gell. 4, 1 fin.—<br /> <b>2</b> In partic.<br /> <b>a</b> In philos. lang., opp. partes, and comprising [[them]] [[within]] itself, a [[general]] [[term]], [[logical]] [[genus]]: [[genus]] est id, [[quod]] sui similes communione quadam, specie [[autem]] differentes, duas aut [[plures]] complectitur partes, Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189; cf.: [[genus]] est, [[quod]] [[plures]] partes amplectitur, ut [[animal]]; [[pars]] est, quae subest generi, ut [[equus]]. Sed [[saepe]] [[eadem]] res alii [[genus]], alii [[pars]] est: nam [[homo]] [[animalis]] [[pars]] est, Thebani aut Trojani [[genus]], id. de Inv. 1, 22, 32: [[genus]] est, [[quod]] partes aliquas amplectitur, ut [[cupiditas]]; [[pars]] est, quae subest generi, ut cupiditati [[amor]], [[avaritia]], id. ib. 1, 28, 42; cf. also: [[genus]] est [[notio]] ad [[plures]] differentias pertinens, id. Top. 7, 31: nec [[vero]] [[sine]] philosophorum [[disciplina]] [[genus]] et speciem cujusque rei cernere [[neque]] eam definiendo explicare nec tribuere in partes possumus, etc., id. Or. 4, 16; cf. ib. 33, 117: formae dicendi specie dispares, genere laudabiles, id. de Or. 3, 9, 34: perturbationes sunt genere quatuor, partibus [[plures]], id. Tusc. 3, 11, 24; cf. ib. 5, 25, 71: et conjuncta quaeremus, et genera et partes generibus subjectas, et similitudines, etc., id. de Or. 2, 39, 166; opp. [[species]] and [[pars]], Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3.—<br /> <b>b</b> In gram., [[gender]]: transversi sunt (ordines) qui ab [[recto]] casu obliqui declinantur, ut [[albus]], albi, [[albo]]; directi sunt, qui ab [[recto]] casu in rectos declinantur, ut [[albus]], [[alba]], [[album]]. Transversorum ordinum partes appellantur [[casus]], directorum genera: utrisque [[inter]] se implicatis [[forma]], Varr. L. L. 10, § 22 Müll.: [[quod]] ad verborum temporalium rationem attinet, cum partes sint quatuor: temporum, personarum, generum, divisionum, etc., ib. 9, § 95: in nominibus tria genera, Quint. 1, 4, 23: barbarismum fieri per numeros aut genera, id. 1, 5, 16; 9, 3, 6: in verbis [[quoque]] [[quis]] est [[adeo]] [[imperitus]], ut ignoret genera et qualitates, etc., id. 1, 4, 27.<br /><b>gĕnus</b>: ūs, v. [[genu]]. | ||
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|gf=(1) <b>gĕnŭs</b>,⁵ ĕris, n. ([[geno]], [[γένος]]),<br /><b>1</b> origine, extraction, naissance : patricium, plebeium Liv. 6, 34, 11 ; 4, 9, 4, origine patricienne, plébéienne ; genere et nobilitate et [[pecunia]] [[facile]] [[primus]] Cic. Amer. 15, le premier aisément par sa naissance, sa noblesse, sa fortune ; paternum Cic. Rep. 1, 30, souche paternelle ; [[genus]] ducere ab [[aliquo]] Plin. Min. Ep. 9, 22, 1, tirer son origine de qqn, descendre de qqn ; [[propter]] divitias [[aut]] [[genus]] rempublicam [[tenere]] Cic. Rep. 3, 23, tenir le gouvernement par ses richesses ou sa naissance || [en parl. des animaux] Ov. F. 6, 132<br /><b>2</b> race, espèce de peuple, nation : [[genus]] Romanum Cic. Phil. 4, 13, etc., la race romaine, le Romain, cf. Cæs. G. 4, 3, 3 ; 7, 22, 1 ; 7, 42, 2 ; [[genus]] Græcorum Cic. Fl. 9, la race grecque, le Grec, cf. Liv. 27, 32, 4 ; 31, 35, 1, etc.<br /><b>3</b> famille, maison : nobili genere [[natus]] Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 180, né de famille noble ; [[malo]] genere Cic. de Or. 2, 286, né de méchante famille [basse] ; [[genus]] ejusdem nominis Cic. Br. 62, famille de même nom ; genera falsa Cic. Br. 62, fausses généalogies || [poét.] rejeton, descendant : Virg. En. 4, 12 ; Hor. O. 1, 3, 27 ; Catul. 61, 2 ; Ov. M. 4, 609, etc.<br /><b>4</b> race, espèce, genre : [[genus]] humanum Cic. Læl. 20, le genre humain ; [[genus]] omne animantum Lucr. 1, 4, ou omne [[genus]] Lucr. 1, 160, toute espèce vivante ; bestiarum [[genus]] Cic. Inv. 1, 35, le genre [[animal]] || [en part.] <b> a)</b> espèce d’hommes ou d’animaux, genre, classe, catégorie : unum [[genus]] [[est]] adversum [[nobis]] eorum, quos... Cic. Mil. 3, nous avons une seule catégorie d’adversaires, ce sont ceux que... ; [[omnis]] generis homines Cic. Domo 75, des hommes de tout genre, cf. Liv. 21, 12, 8, etc. ; cujusque generis beluæ Cic. Rep. 3, 14, des bêtes de tout genre, cf. Cæs. G. 5, 12, 5 ; C. 1, 51, 2 ; [[genus]] aliud tyrannorum Cic. Rep. 1, 68, une autre espèce de tyrans ; militare [[genus]] Liv. 24, 32, 2, les soldats, l’armée ; [[genus]] squamigerum Lucr. 1, 162, l’espèce (la gent) porte-écaille ; [[genus]] irritabile vatum Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102, la gent susceptible des poètes ; aves omne [[genus]] [[Varro]] R. 3, 5, 11, des oiseaux de tout genre ; [[conventus]] is, qui ex variis generibus constaret Cæs. C. 2, 36, 1, une colonie romaine caractérisée par une variété d’éléments constitutifs ; <b> b)</b> genre féminin, masculin : hominum [[genus]] virile, muliebre Cic. Inv. 1, 35 || [gramm.] les trois genres : Quint. 1, 4, 23 ; 1, 5, 16, etc. ; <b> c)</b> [noms de choses] : cum omni genere [[commeatus]] Liv. 30, 36, 2, avec toute espèce d’approvisionnements ; [[multitudo]] [[omnis]] generis telorum Cæs. G. 7, 41, 3, une foule de traits de tout genre ; tormenta cujusque generis Cæs. C. 3, 63, 6, machines de guerre de toute espèce ; machinæ omnium generum Sall. J. 21, 3, des machines de toute espèce || [tour av. acc. adverbial] omne [[genus]] simulacra Lucr. 4, 735, des simulacres de toute sorte, cf. [[Cato]] Agr. 8, 2 ; [[Varro]] R. 1, 29, 1 ; [[hoc]] [[genus]] in rebus Lucr. 6, 917, dans des phénomènes de ce genre, cf. [[Varro]] R. 2, 1, 23 ; cf. [[aliquid]] id [[genus]] Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3, qqch. de ce genre || præmisso equitatu et essedariis, [[quo]] genere [[uti]] consuerunt Cæs. G. 4, 24, 1, ayant envoyé en avant la cavalerie et les essédaires, espèce de choses (de troupes) dont ils se servent à l’ordinaire ; in [[hoc]] genere Cic. Off. 1, 26, dans ce genre de choses, en ces sortes de choses, cf. Verr. 2, 4, 97 ; 4, 129 ; de [[hoc]] genere Cic. Off. 2, 60, au sujet de [[cette]] question || [à noter] [[amicitia]] [[est]] ex eo genere, quæ prosunt Cic. Fin. 3, 70, l’amitié [[est]] du genre des choses qui sont utiles<br /><b>5</b> [noms abstraits] genre, sorte, espèce : <b> a)</b> [[simplex]] [[rei]] publicæ [[genus]] Cic. Rep. 2, 43, forme de gouvernement simple ; [[conjunctum]] civitatis [[genus]] Cic. Rep. 3, 23, forme de gouvernement mixte ; [[hoc]] [[triplex]] rerum publicarum [[genus]] Cic. Rep. 2, 42, ce mélange des trois formes de gouvernement ; istud ipsum [[genus]] orationis [[exspecto]] Cic. Rep. 1, 38, c’[[est]] précisément le genre d’exposé dont tu parles que j’attends de toi ; genera furandi Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, espèces de vol ; [[genus]] orationis, [[genus]] dicendi Cic. Or. 42 ; 20, etc., genre de style ; [[quod]] [[genus]] ab [[hoc]], [[quod]] proposuimus, abhorret Cic. Br. 31, or cet ordre d’idées, ce sujet s’éloigne de celui que nous nous sommes proposé ; hæc et [[alia]] generis ejusdem Cic. Nat. 3, 62, ces fables et d’autres du même genre ; tota [[ratio]] talium largitionum genere vitiosa [[est]] Cic. Off. 2, 60, ce système de largesses [[est]] en soi (dans son genre) totalement mauvais ; quæ genere, [[non]] [[numero]] cernuntur Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, choses qui se jugent par la qualité, [[non]] par la quantité || [acc. adv.] [[aliquid]] id [[genus]] Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3, qqch. de ce genre ; [[quod]] [[genus]] [[pecunia]] [[est]] Cic. Inv. 2, 157, et l’argent [[est]] de ce genre ; [d’où] [[quod]] [[genus]] = [[quo]] [[modo]], par exemple, ainsi, cf. Cic. Inv. 2, 165 ; 2, 172, etc. ; Lucr. 3, 276 ; 6, 1058 ; <b> b)</b> [t. de droit] espèce, cas particulier, ordre de faits : [[genus]] ipsum cognoscite Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, prenez connaissance de la nature même des faits (de l’espèce même du débat), cf. Verr. 2, 4, 8 ; 115 || [d’où] in [[isto]] genere Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 4, en pareil cas ; in omni genere Cic. Rep. 2, 35, dans tous les ordres de faits, en tout, sous tous les rapports, cf. Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2 ; 12, 33, 2, etc. ; <b> c)</b> [philos.] le genre : [[pars]] subjecta generi Cic. de Or. 2, 167, l’espèce, cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 32 ; Top. 31, etc. ; [[genus]] et [[species]] cujusque [[rei]] Cic. Or. 16, le genre et l’espèce de chaque chose.<br />(2) <b>gĕnus</b>,¹⁶ v. [[genu]]. | |||
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Revision as of 06:55, 14 August 2017
English > Greek (Woodhouse)
subs.
P. γένος, τό (Plat.).
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
gĕnus: ĕris, n. = γένος, root GEN, gigno, gens,
I birth, descent, origin; and concr., a race, stock, etc. (cf.: familia, gens, stirps).
I Lit.
A In gen.: bono genere gnati, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17; cf.: ii, qui nobili genere nati sunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180: amplissimo genere natus, Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 4: genere regio natus, Cic. Rep. 1, 33: C. Laelius, cum ei quidam malo genere natus diceret, indignum esse suis majoribus, at hercule, inquit, tu tuis dignus, id. de Or. 2, 71, 286: genere et nobilitate et pecunia sui municipii facile primus, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: esse genere divino, id. Rep. 2, 2: contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum, id. Mur. 7, 15: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3; cf. id. Brut. 58, 212; id. Rep. 1, 18: adulescens, cujus spei nihil praeter genus patricium deesset, Liv. 6, 34, 11: in famam generis ac familiae, Quint. 3, 11, 12; 5, 10, 24: genus Lentulorum, id. 6, 3, 67: Atys, genus unde Atii duxere Latini, Verg. A. 5, 568: fortuna non mutat genus, Hor. Epod. 4, 6: virginem plebei generis petiere juvenes, alter virgini genere par, alter, etc., Liv. 4, 9, 4: qui sibi falsum nomen imposuerit, genus parentesve finxerit, etc., Plaut. Sent. 5, 25, 11.—Plur.: summis gnati generibus, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 20.—
B In partic., birth, for high or noble birth (mostly poet.): cum certi propter divitias aut genus aut aliquas opes rem publicam tenent, est factio, Cic. Rep. 3, 14: pol mihi fortuna magis nunc defit quam genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 394 Vahl.): et genus et virtus, nisi cum re vilior alga est, Hor. S. 2, 5, 8; cf.: et genus et formam regina pecunia donat, id. Ep. 1, 6, 37: non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non te Restituet pietas, id. C. 4, 7, 23: jactes et genus et nomen inutile, id. ib. 1, 14, 13; cf.: cui genus et quondam nomen natique fuissent, Verg. A. 5, 621: nunc jam nobis patribus vobisque plebei promiscuus consulatus patet, nec generis, ut ante, sed virtutis est praemium, Liv. 7, 32, 14; cf. id. 4, 4, 7.
II Transf.
A Like gens and stirps, a descendant, offspring, child; and collect., descendants, posterity, race (poet.): neve tu umquam in gremium extollas liberorum ex te genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): credo equidem, genus esse deorum, Verg. A. 4, 12: Uraniae genus, Hymen, i. e. her son, Cat. 61, 2: audax Iapeti, i. e. his son Prometheus, Hor. C. 1, 3, 27: Jovis, i. e. Perseus, Ov. M. 4, 609; cf. also Prop. 2, 2, 9; Hor. C. 2, 14, 18: genus Adrasti, i. e. Diomede, grandson of Adrastus, Ov. F. 6, 433; so of a grandson, id. M. 2, 743; cf. nepotum, Hor. C. 3, 17, 4: Tantali genus, id. ib. 2, 18, 37: Danai, id. ib. 2, 14, 18: Messi clarum genus Osci, id. S. 1, 5, 54: ab alto Demissum genus Aenea, i. e. Octavianus, as the adopted son of Julius Cœsar, id. ib. 2, 5, 63: sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor, i. e. the Romans, id. C. 1, 2, 35; cf. ib. 3, 6, 18: regium genus, id. ib. 2, 4, 15. —
B Of an assemblage of objects (persons, animals, plants, inanimate or abstract things) which are related or belong together in consequence of a resemblance in natural qualities; a race, stock, class, sort, species, kind (in this signif. most freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).
1 In gen.
a Of living things: ne genus humanum temporis longinquitate occideret, propter hoc marem cum femina esse coniunctum, Cic. ap. Col. 12, 1 (Fragm. Cic. 1, 5 Baiter): quod ex infinita societate generis humani ita contracta res est, etc., of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf. id. Rep. 1, 2 fin.: o deorum quicquid in caelo regit Terras et humanum genus, Hor. Epod. 5, 2; for which: consulere generi hominum, Cic. Rep. 3, 12; cf.: cum omni hominum genere, id. ib. 2, 26; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7: solivagum genus, Cic. Rep. 1, 25: potens vir cum inter sui corporis homines tum etiam ad plebem, quod haudquaquam inter id genus contemptor ejus habebatur, i. e. among the Plebeians, Liv. 6, 34, 5: Graium genus, the Grecian race, Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 149 Vahl.): virtus est propria Romani generis atque seminis, Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 13; cf. id. Ac. 2, 27, 86: Ubii, paulo quam sunt ejusdem generis et ceteris humaniores, Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 3; cf. also: impellit alios (Aeduos) iracundia et temeritas, quae maxime illi hominum generi est innata, race of men, id. ib. 7, 42, 2; so, like gens, of nations, peoples, tribes: ferox, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. s. v. insolens, p. 241 Lind. (Hist. 1, 14 Gerl.); Liv. 34, 7, 6: implacidum (Genauni), Hor. C. 4, 14, 10: durum ac velox (Ligures), Flor. 2, 3, 4: omne in paludes diffugerat, id. 3, 10, 14: Graecorum, Cic. Fl. 4, 9: Numidarum, Liv. 30, 12, 18: genus omne nomenque Macedonum, id. 13, 44, 6; Nep. Reg. 2: Italici generis multi mortales, Sall. J. 47, 1: Illyriorum, Liv. 27, 32, 4; 27, 48, 10; 42, 47 fin.: Scytharum, Just. 2, 3, 16; Tac. H. 2, 4; Suet. Ner. 37; Vell. 2, 118, 1.—In plur.: conventus is, qui ex variis generibus constaret, Caes. B. C. 2, 36, 1: olim isti fuit generi quondam quaestus apud saeclum prius ... est genus hominum, qui se primos esse omnium rerum volunt, class of men, profession, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 15 and 17: firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici), cujus generis est magna penuria, Cic. Lael. 17, 62: saepius genus ejus hominis (sc. procuratoris rei publicae) erit in reliqua nobis oratione tractandum, id. Rep. 2, 29 fin.; cf.: genus aliud tyrannorum, id. ib. 1, 44: judicum genus et forma, id. Phil. 5, 5, 13: istius generis asoti, id. Fin. 2, 8, 23; cf.: omnium ejus generis poëtarum haud dubie proximus, Quint. 10, 1, 85: liberrimum hominum, id. 10, 12, 2, § 22: irritabile vatum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 102: hoc omne (ambubajarum, etc.), id. S. 1, 2, 2: hominum virile, muliebre, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 35: equidem fabulam et fictam rem ducebam esse, virorum omne genus in aliqua insula conjuratione muliebri ab stirpe sublatum esse, Liv. 34, 2, 3: cedat consulari generi praetorium, Cic. Planc. 6, 15: ad militare genus = ad milites, Liv. 24, 32, 2: alia militaris generis turba, id. 44, 45, 13: castellani, agreste genus, id. 34, 27, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.—Sing. with plur. predicate: Ministrantibus sibi omni genere turpium personarum, Capitol. Ver. 4.—In plur.: eorum hominum ... genera sunt duo, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 1: tria auditorum, Quint. 3, 4, 6.— Repeated in the relative-clause: duo genera semper in hac civitate fuerunt ... quibus ex generibus, Cic. Sest. 45, 96.—In the acc., of description (v. Roby's Gram. 2, p. 42 sq.): quot et quod genus pastores habendi, of what kind, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1: quod genus ii sunt, etc., Auct. Her. 2, 30, 48; cf. in the foll.—
(b) Of animals, plants, etc.: genus altivolantum, the race of birds, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 84 Vahl.); cf.: genu' pennis condecoratum, id. Fragm. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59: lanigerum, id. Fragm. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Cyprio, p. 59 Müll.: squamigerum, Lucr. 1, 162; cf. piscium, Hor. C. 1, 2, 9: silvestre, Lucr. 5, 1411: omne ferarum, id. 5, 1338: acre leonum, id. 5, 862: malefici generis plurima animalia, Sall. J. 17, 6: diversum confusa genus panthera camelo, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: animantūm propagare genus, to propagate the race, Lucr. 1, 195: ad genus faciendum, Just. 2, 9 fin.: juxta genus suum, Vulg. Gen. 1, 11 saep.— Plur.: quae vero et quam varia genera bestiarum vel cicurum vel ferarum! Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99: piscium genera, Quint. 5, 10, 21.—In the acc., of description: porticus avibus omne genus oppletae, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 11: pascuntur omne genus objecto frumento, id. ib. 3, 6: boves et id genus pecua, App. M. 2, p. 115, 4; id. Flor. p. 37. —
b Of inanim. and abstr. things, kind, sort, description, class, order, character: genus ullum materiaï, Lucr. 2, 304: cum is (sol) quoque efficiat, ut omnia floreant et in suo quaeque genere pubescant, Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 41: naves omni genere armorum ornatissimae, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 2: cibi genus, id. ib. 4, 1, 9: cum omni genere commeatus, Liv. 30, 36, 2: frugum, id. 38, 15, 9: hoc sphaerae genus, Cic. Rep. 1, 14: hoc triplex rerum publicarum genus, id. ib. 2, 23: regale civitatis, id. ib.; cf.: totum regiae civitatis, id. ib. 2, 29: novum imperii, id. ib. 2, 32: ipsum istud genus orationis exspecto, id. ib. 1, 24 fin.; cf.: dulce orationis, id. Or. 13, 42: qua re esset hoc bellum genere ipso necessarium, id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; cf.: genus hoc erat pugnae, quo, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 4: potestas annua (consulum) genere ipso ac jure regia, Cic. Rep. 2, 32: genus vitae ... genus aetatis, id. Off. 1, 32, 117: optimum emendandi, Quint. 10, 4, 2: dicendi, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3; Quint. 8, 3, 56; 12, 10, 69: simplex rectumque loquendi, id. 9, 3, 3: omnis generis tormenta, Liv. 32, 16, 10: praeda ingens omnis generis, id. 27, 5, 9; so, omnis generis, with tela, id. 38, 26, 4; with naves, id. 34, 8, 5; with eloquentia, id. 39, 40, 7, etc.—Repeated in the relative-clause: erat haec (ratio) ex eodem genere, quod ego maxime genus ex sociorum litteris reperire cupiebam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 183.—In plur.: Caesar haec genera munitionis instituit, Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 1: disserere de generibus et de rationibus civitatum, Cic. Rep. 2, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 26; 28: genera juris institutorum, morum consuetudinumque describere, id. ib. 3, 10: genera furandi, id. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 18.—In the acc., of description: omne, hoc, id, quod genus, for omnis, ejus, hujus, cujus generis, of every, of this, of which kind: sub urbe hortum omne genus, coronamenta omne genus, Cato, R. R. 8, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 1: omne genus simulacra feruntur, Lucr. 4, 735: si hoc genus rebus non proficitur, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23; id. L. L. 9, § 110 Müll.; Lucr. 6, 917 and Hor. S. 2, 6, 44: in id genus verbis, Varr. L. L. 10, § 79; 8, 7, 108, § 17: in id genus libris, Gell. 3, 8, 1: scis me ante orationes aut aliquid id genus solitum scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3: vitanda sunt illa, quae propinqua videntur: quod genus, fidentiae contrarium est diffidentia, etc., for example, id. Inv. 2, 54, 165; so ib. 2, 52, 157; 2, 54, 162; 2, 57, 172; Lucr. 4, 271; 6, 1058: lege jus est id quod populi jussu sanctum est, quod genus: ut in jus eas cum voceris, Auct. Her. 2, 13, 19; cf. ib. sqq.— In gen.: i. q. res or aliquid: ut in omni genere hujus populi (Graeci) consuetudinem videretur imitatus, in all respects, in everything, Cic. Rep. 2, 20; cf.: innumerabiles res sunt, in quibus te quotidie in omni genere desiderem, id. Q. Fr. 2, 2 fin.: incredibile est, quam me in omni genere delectarit, id. Att. 16, 5, 2: medici assiduitas et tota domus in omni genere diligens, id. ib. 12, 33, 2; 7, 1, 2: qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est, is ineptus dicitur, in any respect whatever, id. de Or. 2, 4, 17: qua de re et de hoc genere toto pauca cognosce, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4.—Adverb.: in genus, in general, generally: sermones in genus communes, Gell. 4, 1 fin.—
2 In partic.
a In philos. lang., opp. partes, and comprising them within itself, a general term, logical genus: genus est id, quod sui similes communione quadam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes, Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189; cf.: genus est, quod plures partes amplectitur, ut animal; pars est, quae subest generi, ut equus. Sed saepe eadem res alii genus, alii pars est: nam homo animalis pars est, Thebani aut Trojani genus, id. de Inv. 1, 22, 32: genus est, quod partes aliquas amplectitur, ut cupiditas; pars est, quae subest generi, ut cupiditati amor, avaritia, id. ib. 1, 28, 42; cf. also: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens, id. Top. 7, 31: nec vero sine philosophorum disciplina genus et speciem cujusque rei cernere neque eam definiendo explicare nec tribuere in partes possumus, etc., id. Or. 4, 16; cf. ib. 33, 117: formae dicendi specie dispares, genere laudabiles, id. de Or. 3, 9, 34: perturbationes sunt genere quatuor, partibus plures, id. Tusc. 3, 11, 24; cf. ib. 5, 25, 71: et conjuncta quaeremus, et genera et partes generibus subjectas, et similitudines, etc., id. de Or. 2, 39, 166; opp. species and pars, Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3.—
b In gram., gender: transversi sunt (ordines) qui ab recto casu obliqui declinantur, ut albus, albi, albo; directi sunt, qui ab recto casu in rectos declinantur, ut albus, alba, album. Transversorum ordinum partes appellantur casus, directorum genera: utrisque inter se implicatis forma, Varr. L. L. 10, § 22 Müll.: quod ad verborum temporalium rationem attinet, cum partes sint quatuor: temporum, personarum, generum, divisionum, etc., ib. 9, § 95: in nominibus tria genera, Quint. 1, 4, 23: barbarismum fieri per numeros aut genera, id. 1, 5, 16; 9, 3, 6: in verbis quoque quis est adeo imperitus, ut ignoret genera et qualitates, etc., id. 1, 4, 27.
gĕnus: ūs, v. genu.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) gĕnŭs,⁵ ĕris, n. (geno, γένος),
1 origine, extraction, naissance : patricium, plebeium Liv. 6, 34, 11 ; 4, 9, 4, origine patricienne, plébéienne ; genere et nobilitate et pecunia facile primus Cic. Amer. 15, le premier aisément par sa naissance, sa noblesse, sa fortune ; paternum Cic. Rep. 1, 30, souche paternelle ; genus ducere ab aliquo Plin. Min. Ep. 9, 22, 1, tirer son origine de qqn, descendre de qqn ; propter divitias aut genus rempublicam tenere Cic. Rep. 3, 23, tenir le gouvernement par ses richesses ou sa naissance
