φθορά: Difference between revisions
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|strgr=from [[φθείρω]]; [[decay]], i.e. [[ruin]] ([[spontaneous]] or inflicted, [[literally]] or [[figuratively]]): [[corruption]], [[destroy]], [[perish]]. | |strgr=from [[φθείρω]]; [[decay]], i.e. [[ruin]] ([[spontaneous]] or inflicted, [[literally]] or [[figuratively]]): [[corruption]], [[destroy]], [[perish]]. | ||
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{{Thayer | |||
|txtha=φθορᾶς, ἡ ([[φθείρω]]), from [[Aeschylus]] and [[Herodotus]] [[down]]:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[corruption]], [[destruction]], perishing (opposed to [[γένεσις]], [[origin]], [[often]] in [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], [[Plutarch]]; opposed to [[σωτηρία]], [[Plato]], Phileb., p. 35e.; for שַׁחַת, [[δουλεία]]); R. V. marginal [[reading]]) [[take]] [[φθορά]] [[here]] [[actively]]: [[εἰς]] φθοράν, to [[destroy]]); ἐν [[φθορά]], in a [[state]] of [[corruption]] or decomposition (of the [[body]] at [[burial]]), [[that]] [[which]] is [[subject]] to [[corruption]], [[what]] is [[perishable]], opposed to [[ἀφθαρσία]], the [[loss]] of [[salvation]], [[eternal]] [[misery]] ([[which]] [[elsewhere]] is called [[ἀπώλεια]]), [[ἀπόχρησις]]); opposed to [[ζωή]] [[αἰώνιος]], [[corruption]] i. e. [[moral]] [[decay]]: R. V. [[text]] in [[their]] [[destroying]]), others [[refer]] it to 1above), τῆς ζωῆς added, Wisdom of Solomon 14:12. | |||
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Revision as of 18:02, 28 August 2017
English (LSJ)
Ion. φθορή, ἡ, (φθείρω)
A destruction, ruin, Hdt.2.161, 7.18, Hp.Vict.1.5, A.Ag.406 (lyr.), etc.; of persons, death, esp. by some general visitation, as pestilence, Th.2.47, Pl.Lg.677a (pl.), GDI 5104c11 (Crete, pl.); ἀνδροθνῆτας Ἰλίου φθοράς A.Ag.814. b of animals, loss by death, PStrassb.24.26,31 (ii A. D.). 2 Philos., passing out of existence, ceasing to be, γενομένῳ παντὶ φ. ἐστι Pl.R. 546a; περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς Id.Phd.95e, title of work by Arist., cf. Pl.Phlb.55a, Arist.Ph.229b13, Gal.6.6; ἡ φ. μεταβολή τίς ἐστι τῶν φθειρομένων εἰς τοὐναντίον ἑκάστῳ Plu.2.948f: pl., Pl.Phd.96b, R.490e, al.: with dat. (instrumental), ἡ μεγίστηφθορὰ ὕδασιν Id.Ti.23c, cf. 22d. 3 deterioration, εἰς καρπογονίαν in respect of . . Thphr.CP 5.8.2. b loss by deterioration, ἐκφορίου . . ἀνυπολόγου πάο ης φθορᾶς PTeb.105.3,18 (ii B. C.); damage, ἐκτεῖσαι τὴν γεγονυῖαν ὑπ' αὐτῶν τοῦ χόρτου . . φ. BGU1824.29 (i B. C.); misspelt φθαρά ib.1866.3 (i B. C.). 4 seduction, ἐλευθέρων Lexap. Aeschin.1.12; παρθένων, γυναικῶν, Plu.2.712c (pl.), Vett.Val.2.37 (pl.), cf. Parth.35.3, D.H.2.25; rape, Str.6.1.6. 5 abortion or miscarriage, IG22.1365.22, 1366.7, Sor.1.56, Gal.17(1).800; τοῦ ἐμβρύου Sor.1.59. 6 gradation of colours in painting, Plu.2.346a; τὰς μίξεις τῶν χρωμάτων οἱ ζωγράφοι φθορὰς ὀνομάζουσι ib.725c, cf. 393c. 7 = φθόη, Hp.Aph.7.80. 8 storm-tossings or shipwrecks, τί τοι λέγοιμ' ἂν τὰς ἐν Αἰγαίῳ φθοράς; E.Hel.766; cf. φθείρω 11.4.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1272] ἡ, ion. φθορή, Verderben, Vernichtung, Zerstörung, Her. 2, 161; Verlust, ἀνθρώπων Thuc. 7, 27; Untergang, Her. 7, 18; ἄγουσά τ' ἀντίφερνον Ἰλίῳ φθοράν Aesch. Ag. 394; u. im plur. 788; σκοποῦσι τὴν πάλαι γένους φθοράν Soph. O. C. 370; ἐπεὶ γενομένῳ παντὶ φθορά ἐστιν Plat. Rep. VIII, 546 a; νόσων ἢ πολέμων φθορά Legg. V, 741 e; Ggstz von γένεσις Phaed. 95 e u. oft, wie Folgde; Arist. hat περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς geschrieben. – Schändung eines Mädchens, Verführung der Unschuld, τῷ τῆς ἐλευθέρων φθορᾶς νόμῳ Aesch. 1, 12, wo das Gesetz steht; Plut. Marc. 1. – Bei Malern das Verreiben der Farben in einander; Plut. sagt de glor. Ath. 2, Apollodor habe erfunden φθορὰν καὶ ἀπόχρωσιν σκιᾶς.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
φθορά: Ἰων. φθορή, ἡ, (√ΦΘΕΡ, φθείρω) καταστροφή, ὄλεθρος, ἀπώλεια, Ἡρόδ. 2. 161., 7. 18, Τραγ., κλπ.· καὶ ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων, θάνατος, μάλιστα ἔκ τινος ἐπιδημικῆς νόσου οἷον ἐκ λοιμοῦ, Θουκ. 2. 47, Πλάτ. Νόμ. 677Α· ἐν τῷ πληθ., ἀνδροθνῆτας Ἰλίου φθορὰς Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 814, πρβλ. Πλάτ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ.· ἐν Ἱππ. Ἀφορ. 1261, ἴσως = φθίσις ΙΙ, ἡ νόσος. 2) παρὰ φιλοσοφ. συγγραφεῦσιν, ἡ φθορὰ τῆς ὕλης, γενομένῳ παντὶ φθ. ἐστὶ Πλάτ. Πολ. 546Α· περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Φαίδωνι 95Ε· πρβλ. Φίληβ. 55Α, Ἀριστ. Φυσ. 5. 5, 6, κ. ἀλλ.· ὁ Ἀριστ. κατέλιπεν ἰδιαιτέραν πραγματείαν περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς· ― ὡσαύτως ἐν τῷ πληθ., Πλάτ. Φαίδ. 96Β, Πολ. 290Ε, κ. ἀλλ.· ― μετὰ δοτ. ἡ μεγίστη φθορὰ ὕδασιν ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Τιμ. 23C, πρβλ. 22D· ἡ φθορά, εἰς..., ἡ κατάπτωσις εἰς..., Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Αἰτ. 5. 8, 2, πρβλ. Πλούτ. 2. 948F. 3) ἡ διαφθορὰ παρθένου, διακόρευσις, ἀποπλάνησις, Νόμ. παρ’ Αἰσχίνῃ 2. 36, Πλούτ. 2. 712C. 4) ἡ ἀνάμιξις τῶν καθαρῶν χρωμάτων μετ’ ἄλλων, ἐν τῇ ζωγραφικῇ, αὐτόθι 316Α, ἔνθα ἴδε Wytt.· πρβλ. φθείρω Ι. 4.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ᾶς (ἡ) :
1 perdition, perte, ruine ; t. de philos. dissolution de la matière;
2 action de corrompre, corruption, séduction;
3 t. de peint. dégradation des couleurs, affaiblissement de teinte.
Étymologie: φθείρω.
English (Strong)
from φθείρω; decay, i.e. ruin (spontaneous or inflicted, literally or figuratively): corruption, destroy, perish.
English (Thayer)
φθορᾶς, ἡ (φθείρω), from Aeschylus and Herodotus down:
1. corruption, destruction, perishing (opposed to γένεσις, origin, often in Plato, Aristotle, Plutarch; opposed to σωτηρία, Plato, Phileb., p. 35e.; for שַׁחַת, δουλεία); R. V. marginal reading) take φθορά here actively: εἰς φθοράν, to destroy); ἐν φθορά, in a state of corruption or decomposition (of the body at burial), that which is subject to corruption, what is perishable, opposed to ἀφθαρσία, the loss of salvation, eternal misery (which elsewhere is called ἀπώλεια), ἀπόχρησις); opposed to ζωή αἰώνιος, corruption i. e. moral decay: R. V. text in their destroying), others refer it to 1above), τῆς ζωῆς added, Wisdom of Solomon 14:12.
