στόμα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, Aeol. στύμα <span class="bibl">Theoc.29.25</span>; gen.[[στόματος]], but <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> στομάτοιο <span class="title">Hymn.Mag.</span>2(2).10,28:—[[mouth]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.467</span>, etc.; σύν τε στόμ' ἐρεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Od.11.426</span>; <b class="b3">ἱμείρων γλυκεροῦ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Sol.25</span>; of animals, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>146</span>,<span class="bibl">389</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1156</span> (lyr.), etc.:—pl. is sometimes used for sg., <b class="b3">ἀμφιπίπτων στόμασιν</b>, of kissing, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>938</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>403</span> (lyr.), and freq. in later Poets, <span class="bibl">A.R. 4.1607</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>210</span>, <span class="bibl">240</span>, etc.: metaph., <b class="b3">πτολέμοιο, ὑσμίνης στόμα</b>, [[the very jaws]] of the battle, as of a devouring monster, <span class="bibl">Il.10.8</span>, <span class="bibl">20.359</span> (but cf. infr. <span class="bibl">111.1</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> esp. [[the mouth as the organ of speech]], δέκα μὲν γλῶσσαι, δέκα δὲ στόματ' <span class="bibl">2.489</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.18</span>; βραχύ μοι σ. πάντ' ἀνᾱγήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.19</span>; freq. in Trag., <b class="b3">σ. τὸ Δῖον</b> the [[mouth]] of Zeus, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1032</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ Φοίβου θεῖον ἀψευδὲς σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>350.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>603</span>; τοῦ στόματος τὸ στρογγύλον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>471</span>; <b class="b3">Μοισᾶν καπυρὸν σ</b>. their [[mouthpiece]], [[organ]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.7.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.72</span>; <b class="b3">Πιερίδων τὸ σοφὸν σ</b>., of Homer, <span class="title">AP</span>7.4 (Paul. Sil.), cf. 7.6 (Antip. Sid.), 7.75 (Antip.), 9.184; τὸ μισόχρηστον σ. τῆς κωμῳδίας <span class="bibl">Phld. <span class="title">Piet.</span>p.93G.</span>; [[speech]], [[utterance]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>426</span>,<span class="bibl">706</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>132</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">εἰς τόδ' ἐξελθόντος ἀνόσιον σ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">981</span>; <b class="b3">κἂν καλὸν φορῇ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>930</span>; τὸ σὸν . . σ. ἐλεινόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>671</span>; διδόναι σ. καὶ σοφίαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>21.15</span>: in pl. of a single speaker, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1220</span> (lyr.):—special phrases: <b class="b3">οἴγειν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>611</span>; <b class="b3">τοὐμὸν οὐ λύω σ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1060</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.96</span>; <b class="b3">διᾶραι τὸ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">D. 19.112</span>; <b class="b3">κοίμησον σ</b>. keep silence, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1247</span>; <b class="b3">δάκνειν σ</b>., i.e. to keep a stern silence (cf. [[ὀδάξ]]), <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>397</span>; ἴσχε δακὼν σ. σόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>977</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ὀδόντι πρῖε τὸ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>897</span>; so <b class="b3">κλῄσας σ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>865</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἐφέξετε σ</b>.; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1283</span>; <b class="b3">σῖγ' ἕξομεν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>660</span>; <b class="b3">εὖ ἔχειν σ</b>.,= [[εὐφημεῖν]], <span class="bibl">Eup. 381</span>; <b class="b3">συγκλῄειν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>40</span>(anap.):—of style, <b class="b3">τὸ Λυσιακὸν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 12</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> with Preps., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">ἀνὰ στόμα ἔχειν</b> have always in [[one's mouth]], whether for good or ill, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>80</span>; ἀνὰ σ. καὶ διὰ γλώσσης ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>95</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἀπὸ στόματος εἰπεῖν</b> speak from memory (cf. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ γλώσσης</b>), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>142d</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Philem.48</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Sol.</span>8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> διὰ στόμα λέγειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>579</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>103</span> (so κατὰ τὸ σ. ᾄδειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>158</span>); διὰ στόμα ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>855</span>; οἶκτος οὔτις ἦν διὰ στόμα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>51</span>; <b class="b3">πᾶσι διὰ στόματος</b> 'tis the common [[talk]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.12.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> ἐν στόμασι εἶχον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.157</span>, <span class="bibl">6.136</span>; πολλῶν κείμενος ἐν στόμασιν <span class="bibl">Thgn.240</span>; ἐν τῷ σ. λέγειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>198</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ἐξ ἑνὸς σ</b>. with one [[voice]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>670</span>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>364a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGiss.</span>36.13</span> (ii B.C.), Gal.15.763; so <b class="b3">ὡς ἀφ' ἑνὸς σ</b>. <span class="title">AP</span>11.159 (Lucill.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ στόμα</b> <b class="b2">on one's face, face-foremost</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς . . ἐπὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.6.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.410</span>; ὡς κύων ἐπὶ σ. κείμενος Archil.<span class="title">Supp.</span>2.9; <b class="b3">ὗς ἔκειτ' ἐπὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.21</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σ. κεῖται</b> lies [[prone]], of the right ventricle, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σ</b>.,= [[pronus]], Gloss.; ἐπὶ σ. πεσόντα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Art.</span>29</span>; ἐπὶ σ. φερόμενον ἐν πᾶσι Timae. ap.<span class="bibl">Plb.12.8.4</span>; also <b class="b3">ὅ τι νῦν ἦλθ' ἐπὶ σ</b>. whatever came uppermost, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>351</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ στόματος Φαραώ</b> [[by the command]] of P., <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ki.</span>23.35</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">g</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ στόμα</b> [[face to face]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.11</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>801</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>409</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.2.26</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ κατὰ σ. θεοί</b> (cf. [[ἀντήλιοι]]) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>781.33</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ σ. τινός</b> [[confronted]] with him, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>855d</span>; στόμα κατὰ στόμα λαλήσω αὐτῷ <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Nu.</span>12.8</span>; στόμα πρὸς στόμα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Jo.</span>12</span>, <span class="title">3 Ep.Jo.</span>14, <span class="title">PMag.Berol.</span>1.39. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[mouth]] of a river, <span class="bibl">Il.12.24</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.441</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>847</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.17</span>, etc.; so <b class="b3">ἠϊόνος σ. μακρόν</b> the wide [[mouth]] of the bay, <span class="bibl">Il.14.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.10.90</span>; σ. τοῦ Πόντου <span class="bibl">Th.4.75</span>; [[κόλπου]] ib.<span class="bibl">49</span>; τὸ σ. τῆς ἐσβολῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>1107</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἄνω σ. [τῆς διώρυχος</b>] the [[width]] of the trench at top, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.23</span> (but <b class="b3">τὰ σ. τ. δ</b>. [[mouths]], ib.<span class="bibl">37</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[any outlet]] or [[entrance]], ἀργαλέον σ. λαύρης <span class="bibl">Od.22.137</span>; σ. τῆς ἀγυιᾶς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.4.4</span>; σ. φρέατος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.25</span>; καδίσκου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>581</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>6.251 (Phil.); <b class="b3">χθόνιον Ἄιδα σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.44</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ τῶν διεξόδων σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 251d</span>; <b class="b3">ἑπτάπυλον σ</b>. the seven gates of Thebes, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>119</span> (lyr.): Medic., <b class="b3">τῶν μητρέων, τῶν ὑστερέων</b>,= [[os uteri]] (not distinguished from the [[cervix]]), <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.36</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aph.</span>5.46</span>; τῆς κοιλίας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span> 94b15</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.50</span>; γαστρός <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>20</span>, Gal.5.274; ([[ἕλκους]]) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 863a11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[foremost part]], [[face]], [[front]]: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of weapons, [[point]], κατὰ στόμα εἱμένα χαλκῷ <span class="bibl">Il.15.389</span>; [ὁ κριὸς] ἔχει σ. σιδηροῦν Ath. Mech.<span class="bibl">24.2</span>; τὸ σ. τῆς αἰχμῆς <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Her.</span>19.4</span>; [[edge]] of a sword, μαχαίρας Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>3.5, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>21.24</span>, etc.: metaph., <b class="b3">ἐθηλύνθην σ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>651</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> the [[front ranks]] of the battle, the [[front]], <b class="b3">ἀπὸ στόματος</b> (opp. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῆς οὐρᾶς</b>) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>4.3.4</span>; τὸ σ. τοῦ πλαισίου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.4.22</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.10.12.7</span> (so perh. <b class="b3">σ. πολέμοιο, ὑσμίνης</b> in Hom., v. supr.<span class="bibl">1.1</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> τὸ τῶν λοχαγῶν τάγμα σ. καλεῖται Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>2.5. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἄκρον σ. πύργων</b> the [[edge]] or [[top]] of the towers, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1166</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τῷ σ. τοῦ βίου</b> at the very [[verge]] of life, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>11.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> = [[ὀμφαλός]] <span class="bibl">111.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Tact.</span>7.3</span>. (Cf. Avest. <b class="b2">staman-</b>, m. 'mouth (of dog)', Welsh [[safn]] 'mouth'.)</span>