ὀφθαλμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, ([[ὄπωπα]], [[ὀφθῆναι]],<br><span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ὄψ]] B) [[eye]], used by Hom. and Hes. mostly in plural; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν.. ἀτρέμας ἐν βλεφάροισι Od.19.211: sg., <b class="b3">παίειν τινὰ ἐς τὸν ὀ.</b> [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.22: the pl. continued most common, but the dual also occurs, as in Ar.''Nu.''362: pl. is used in many phrases, <b class="b3">ἐλθέμεν ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος</b> [[before one's eyes]], Il.24.204; <b class="b3">οὐδ' Ἀχιλῆος ὀφθαλμοὺς εἴσειμι</b> ib.463; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ἰδεῖν]], [[ὁρᾶσθαι]], etc., 10.275, Od.4.47, etc.; but ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ὁρᾶν]], [[νοεῖν]], to [[see before one's eyes]], 8.459, Il.24.312; ἔχειν ἐν ὀφθαλμοίς = to [[have before one's eyes]], X.''An.''4.5.29; τὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοίς = [[what is before one's eyes]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''174c; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοίς δὴ γελοῖον</b> what was [[ridiculous]] to the [[eye]], Id.''R.''452d; <b class="b3">ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν</b> Id.''Smp.''213a; πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν [[προφαίνεσθαι]] Aeschin.2.148; ἐπ' ὀφθαλμῶν Luc. ''Tox.''20; <b class="b3">γενέσθαι τινὶ ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν</b> to [[get out of any one's sight]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.106; ἐξ ὀ. ἀποπέμψασθαι Id.1.120; ἐξ ὀ. ποιεῖν Alciphr. 3.20; <b class="b3">κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν τινί</b> to [[tell one to one's face]], opp. <b class="b3">εἰς οὖς</b>, Ar.''Ra.''626; <b class="b3">τυράννου κατ' ὀφθαλμούς κατηγορεῖν</b> to [[accuse]] him to his [[face]], X. ''Hier.''1.14: sg. in the phrase πρὸς ὀφθαλμὸν [[ἐπιχεῖν]], [[μίσγειν]], [[by eye]], PHolm.7.23, ''PLeid.X.''62; [[eyes]] were painted on the bows of vessels, βλοσυροῖς κατὰ πρῷραν ὀφθαλμοῖς οἷον βλέπει Philostr.''Im.''1.19, cf. ''IG''22.1607.24, Poll.1.86; whence the joke in [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''97.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[στέρησις ὀφθαλμῶν]] = [[temporary]] [[loss]] of [[sight]], Gal.17(1).400.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in sg., the [[eye]] of a [[master]] or [[ruler]], <b class="b3">πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς ὀφθαλμός</b> Hes.''Op.''267; Δίκης ὀφθαλμὸς ὃς τὰ πάνθ' ὁρᾷ Men.''Mon.''179; δεσπότου ὀφθαλμός X.''Oec.''12.20; [[ἀκοίμητος]] ὀφθαλμός, of [[God]], Secund.''Sent.''3; so a king is called ὀφθαλμὸς οἴκων A.''Ch.''934 (so ὄμμα ''Pers.'' 169); and in Persia <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως</b> the [[king]]'s [[eye]] was a [[confidential]] [[officer]], through whom he beheld his kingdom and subjects, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''979(lyr.), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.114, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''92, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.2.10 sq., Arist.''Pol.'' 1287b29, Ph.1.642; cf. [[οὖς]].<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[the eye of heaven]], <b class="b3">ἑσπέρας ὀφθαλμός, νυκτὸς ὀφθαλμός</b>, of the [[moon]], Pi.''O.''3.20, A.''Th.''390; also [[οὐράνιος]] ὀφθαλμός, of the [[sun]], Secund.''Sent.''5.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> the [[dearest]], the [[best]], as the eye is the most precious part of the body, hence of men, ὀφθαλμὸς [[Σικελία]]ς, ὀφθαλμὸς στρατιᾶς, Pi.''O.''2.10, 6.16; also, [[light]], [[cheer]], [[comfort]], μέγας <γ'> ὀ. οἱ πατρὸς τάφοι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 987, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''406.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[eye]] or [[bud]] of a plant or tree, Alcm.43, Ion Eleg.1.6, Hp.''Nat.Puer.''26, X.''Oec.'' 19.10, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 1.8.5, etc.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> a [[surgical]] [[bandage]] [[cover]]ing one or both [[eye]]s, Hp.''Off.''7, Heliod. ap. Orib. 48.29,30.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> Archit., in dual, the [[disk]]s forming the centres of the volutes of an Ionic capital, ''IG''12.374.291.