ὅλμος: Difference between revisions
τὸ τῶν γεωργῶν ὅσαι τε ἄλλαι τέχναι (Plato, Timaeus 17c10) → the class of farmers and other such crafts(men)
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|Definition=(ὄλμος codd. of Hes. and Hdt., v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>), ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[a round smooth stone]] (<b class="b3">περιφερὴς λίθος μάρμαρος</b>, Hsch.), χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσενε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου <span class="bibl">Il.11.147</span> (from which passage it was taken to signify [[the human trunk]], <span class="bibl">Poll.2.162</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>460.17</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> later, any [[cylindrical]] or <b class="b2">bowl-shaped body :</b> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[mortar]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>423</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.200</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1126.24, 12(5).872.82(Tenos, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLille</span>9.9</span> (iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[kneadingtrough]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>201</span>,<span class="bibl">238</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[hollow seat]] on which the Pythia prophesied, hence [[proverb|prov.]], ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι Plu.<span class="title">Prov.</span>2.14 ; ἐν ὅ. εὐνάσω <span class="bibl">Zen.3.63</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ τοίχου τὸ μέρος τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ὅλμον</b> (in the temple of Amphiaraus at Rhamnus), Ἐφ.Ἀρχ. <span class="bibl">1909.271</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[support]], καθίσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὀκλὰξ ἐπὶ ὅλμων δύο <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[drinking-vessel]], <span class="bibl">Menesth.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[mouthpiece of a flute]], <span class="bibl">Eup.267</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.4.70</span>, and v. [[ὑφόλμιον]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[dial]], ὅλμου τοῦ λιθίνου ὃς ἐκαλεῖτο Ἑλληνιστὶ [γν] ώμων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.27.26</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[stone used as a weight]], [[proverb|prov.]] ὅ. ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>473.3</span>.</span> | |Definition=(ὄλμος codd. of Hes. and Hdt., v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>), ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[a round smooth stone]] (<b class="b3">περιφερὴς λίθος μάρμαρος</b>, Hsch.), χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσενε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου <span class="bibl">Il.11.147</span> (from which passage it was taken to signify [[the human trunk]], <span class="bibl">Poll.2.162</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>460.17</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> later, any [[cylindrical]] or <b class="b2">bowl-shaped body :</b> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[mortar]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>423</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.200</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1126.24, 12(5).872.82(Tenos, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLille</span>9.9</span> (iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[kneadingtrough]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>201</span>,<span class="bibl">238</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[hollow seat]] on which the Pythia prophesied, hence [[proverb|prov.]], ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι Plu.<span class="title">Prov.</span>2.14; ἐν ὅ. εὐνάσω <span class="bibl">Zen.3.63</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ τοίχου τὸ μέρος τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ὅλμον</b> (in the temple of Amphiaraus at Rhamnus), Ἐφ.Ἀρχ. <span class="bibl">1909.271</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[support]], καθίσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὀκλὰξ ἐπὶ ὅλμων δύο <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[drinking-vessel]], <span class="bibl">Menesth.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[mouthpiece of a flute]], <span class="bibl">Eup.267</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.4.70</span>, and v. [[ὑφόλμιον]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[dial]], ὅλμου τοῦ λιθίνου ὃς ἐκαλεῖτο Ἑλληνιστὶ [γν] ώμων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.27.26</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[stone used as a weight]], [[proverb|prov.]] ὅ. ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>473.3</span>.</span> | ||
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Revision as of 09:17, 23 May 2021
English (LSJ)
(ὄλμος codd. of Hes. and Hdt., v. infr. 11.1), ὁ, A a round smooth stone (περιφερὴς λίθος μάρμαρος, Hsch.), χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσενε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου Il.11.147 (from which passage it was taken to signify the human trunk, Poll.2.162, EM460.17). II later, any cylindrical or bowl-shaped body : 1 mortar, Hes.Op.423, Hdt.1.200, IG22.1126.24, 12(5).872.82(Tenos, iii B. C.), PLille9.9 (iii B. C.), etc. 2 kneadingtrough, Ar.V.201,238. 3 hollow seat on which the Pythia prophesied, hence prov., ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι Plu.Prov.2.14; ἐν ὅ. εὐνάσω Zen.3.63; τοῦ τοίχου τὸ μέρος τοῦ κατὰ τὸν ὅλμον (in the temple of Amphiaraus at Rhamnus), Ἐφ.Ἀρχ. 1909.271. b support, καθίσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὀκλὰξ ἐπὶ ὅλμων δύο Hp.Haem.4. 4 drinking-vessel, Menesth.1. 5 mouthpiece of a flute, Eup.267, cf. Poll.4.70, and v. ὑφόλμιον ΙΙ. 6 dial, ὅλμου τοῦ λιθίνου ὃς ἐκαλεῖτο Ἑλληνιστὶ [γν] ώμων PHib.1.27.26 (iii B. C.). 7 stone used as a weight, prov. ὅ. ὑπὲρ κεφαλῆς Lib.Ep.473.3.
German (Pape)
[Seite 324] ὁ (entweder mit εἴλω, εἰλέω, volvo zusammenhangend, od. minder wahrscheinlich mit Buttm. Lexil. I p. 195 von ὀλαί, οὐλαί, ἀλέω abzuleiten), eigtl. ein runder Stein ohne hervortretende Ecken; χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ' αὐχένα κόψας ὅλμον ἃς ἔσσευε κυλίνδεσθαι δι' ὁμίλου, Il. 11, 147, nach welcher Stelle Spätere den Rumpf des menschlichen Leibes ohne Arme u. Beine u. Kopf so nannten, sonst θώραξ; nach Poll. 2, 162 τὸ ἀπὸ αὐχένος ἕως ἰσχίων σύμπαν. Dann gew. ein walzenförmiger oder halbkugelförmiger Körper; – a) der Mörser; Hes. O. 425; ἐςβάλλουσι ἐς ὃλμον καὶ λεή. ναντες ὑπέροισι, Her. 1, 200. – b) ein Trog, ein Wasserkübel; Ar. Vesp. 201. 238, wo Schol. erkl. ἐργαλεῖον μαγειρικόν, auch hinzusetzen, so heiße ὁ τρίπους τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος; nach Anderen die Höhlung des Sessels, auf welchem die Pythia beim Wahrsagen saß; daher ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι, prophezeien, Zenob. 3, 63. – Ein Trinkgefäß, Ath. XI, 494 b ποτήριον κερατίου τρόπον εἰργασμένον, ὕψος ὡς πυγωνιαῖον, aus Menestheus. – Οἱ ὅλμοι, die Höhlen der Backenzähne, sp. Medic. – Der oberste Theil der Flöte, das Mundstück.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ὅλμος: ὁ, κυρίως λίθος στρογγύλος καὶ λεῖος, ὡς τὸ ὁλοίτροχος, χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τ’ αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον ὥς, ἔσσευε κυλίνδεσθαι δι’ ὁμίλου, «ἀποκόψας τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ τῷ ξίφει καὶ τὸν αὐχένα ἀποτεμών, ὥσπερ δὲ λίθον κυλινδρώδη ὥρμα κυλίεσθαι διὰ τοῦ στρατοῦ» (Θ. Γαζῆς), κατὰ δὲ τὸν Σχολ. «ὅλμου δὲ δίκην αὐτὸν ῥίψας κυλίεσθαι», Ἰλ. Λ. 147 (ἐκ τοῦ χωρίου δὲ τούτου ἐλαμβάνετο ἡ λέξις ὡς σημαίνουσα τὸν κορμὸν τοῦ ἀνθρωπίνου σώματος ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐχένος μέχρι τῶν ἰσχίων, Πολυδ. Β΄, 162, Ἐτυμολ. Μέγ. 460. 17. ΙΙ. ἀκολούθως, πᾶν κυλινδρικὸν καὶ κοῖλον ἢ λεκανοειδὲς σῶμα· 1) ἰγδίον, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 425, Ἡρόδ. 1. 200, Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 1688, κτλ. 2) σκαφίδιον πρὸς ζύμωσιν ἄρτου, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 201, 238. 3) τὸ κοῖλον κάθισμα, ἐξ οὗ ἡ Πυθία προεφήτευεν, ὅθεν ἡ παροιμία, ἐν ὅλμῳ κοιμᾶσθαι ἢ εὐνάζειν, δηλ. προφητεύειν, Παροιμιογρ.· πρβλ. Σχόλ. εἰς Ἀριστοφ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ. 4) ποτήριον κερατίου τρόπον εἰργασμένον, Μενεσθένης παρ’ Ἀθην. 494Α. 5) τὸ στόμιον αὐλοῦ, τὸ εἰς τὸ στόμα προσαρμοζόμενον μέρος αὐτοῦ, Εὔβουλος ἐν «Φίλοις» 6, πρβλ. Πολυδ. Δ΄, 70, καὶ ἴδε ὑφόλμιον ΙΙ. (Ἐκ. τῆς √ϜΕΛ, ἴδε τὴν λέξ. εἴλω).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (ὁ) :
1 pierre cylindrique;
2 p. anal. mortier à piler.
Étymologie: R. Ϝελ, rouler ; cf. ἑλίσσω, lat. volvo.
Spanish
Greek Monotonic
ὅλμος: ὁ (εἵλω, volvo),
I. στρογγυλή λεία πέτρα, κύλινδρος, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.
II. οποιοδήποτε στρογγυλό και κυλινδρικό ή λεκανοειδές σώμα· γουδί, σε Ησίοδ., Ηρόδ.· σκαφίδι που χρησιμοποιείται στην αρτοποιία για ζύμωμα, σε Αριστοφ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ὅλμος: ὁ
1) круглый камень, кругляк, вал(ик) Her.;
2) ступа, ступка Her., Plut.;
3) корыто, квашня Arph.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: mortar, metaph. of mortarlike, i.e. hollowed objects, e.g. mouthpiece of a flute, drinking cup, tripod of the Pythia (Λ 147; on the meaning at this place Palmer Eranos 44, 54 f.).
Other forms: (ὄλμος)
Compounds: Few compp., e. g. ὁλμο-ποιός m. mortar manufacturer (Arist.), ὑφ-όλμ-ιον n. stand of an ὅλμος (com., Poll.).
Derivatives: Dimin. ὁλμίον n. (ap.), also ὁλμίσκος m. socket of a door hinge, of a tooth (pap., S.E., Ruf., Poll.); ὁλμειός m. = ὅλμος (sch. Ar. V. 238; after στελε(ι)ός a.o.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1140] *u̯el- roll
Etymology: From *Ϝόλ-μος prop. roll, cylinder, from the cylinderlike form of the mortar made from a hollowed tree (cf. Palmer l. c.); to εἰλέω roll (s. v.).
Middle Liddell
ὅλμος, ὁ, εἴλω, volvo]
I. a round smooth stone, a roller, Il.
II. any round body: a mortar, Hes., Hdt.: a kneading-trough, Ar.
{{FriskDe
|ftr=ὅλμος: {hólmos}
Forms: (ὄλμος)
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Mörser, übertr. auf mörserähnliche, d.h. ausgehöhlte Gegenstände, z.B. Mundstück einer Flöte, Trinkbecher, Dreifuß der Pythia (seit Λ 147; zur Bed. an dieser Stelle Palmer Eranos 44, 54 f.).
Composita : Wenige Kompp., z. B. ὁλμοποιός m. Mörserfabrikant (Arist.), ὑφόλμιον n. [[Untersatz des ὅλμος (Kom., Poll.).
Derivative: Davon das Demin. ὁλμίον n. (Pap.), auch ὁλμίσκος m. Höhlung einer Türangel, eines Zahns (Pap., S.E., Ruf., Poll.); ὁλμειός m. = ὅλμος (Sch. Ar. V. 238; nach στελε(ι)ός u.a.).
Etymology : Aus *ϝόλμος eig. Rolle, Walze, von der walzenähnlichen Form des aus einem ausgehöhlten Baumstamme bestehenden Mörsers (vgl. Palmer a. O.); zu εἰλέω rollen, wälzen (s. d.).
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