πάσσαλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. πάττ-, ὁ, Ep. gen. [[πασσαλόφι]] (v. infr.), (πήγνυμι) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[peg]] on which to hang clothes, arms, etc., ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον <span class="bibl">Il. 24.268</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.209</span>; ἀπὸ πασσάλου αἴνυτο τόξον <span class="bibl">Od. 21.53</span>; ἀπὸ φόρμιγγα πασσάλου λάμβαν' <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.<span class="title">Scol.Oxy.</span>1361.1.1</span>; ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα <span class="bibl">Od.8.67</span>; χαλινοὺς… ἐκ πασσάλων δέουσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.72</span>, v. ἐκ <span class="bibl">1.6</span>; [χιτῶνα] πασσάλῳ ἀγκρεμάσασα <span class="bibl">Od.1.440</span>; κύλιξ… κρέμαται περὶ πασσαλόφιν <span class="bibl">Hermipp.55</span>; ἐπὶ τῶν παττάλων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>681a25</span>; παττάλους ἐνέκρουεν εἰς τὸν τοῖχον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>129</span>; [[peg]] for making a hole in a vine-stem, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>2.5.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">CP</span>3.12.1</span>; used to force open the mouth or as a gag, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>376</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>222</span>; of [[stakes]] used to mark boundaries, <span class="title">IG</span>14.352i38 (Halaesa); [[pale]], <span class="bibl">Apollod. <span class="title">Poliorc.</span> 140.7</span>, al.:—[[proverb|prov.]] of things very small or worthless, <b class="b3">ἔχουσι μηδὲ πάτταλον</b> not [[a pin]] (i. e. no part of their fee), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>284</span>; μηδὲ π. καταλιπεῖν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span>9</span>; παττάλου γυμνότερος <span class="bibl">Aristaenet.2.18</span>; also πάσσαλος πασσάλῳ ἐκκρούεται <span class="bibl">Eust. 126.13</span>, cf. <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>494; <b class="b3">εἶναι ἐν πασσάλοις</b>, i.e. to be hung up, not in use, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>1.268</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> from the like ness of form, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[membrum virile]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>1020</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.128 (Autom.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἵππος ὀρθόκωλος]], <span class="title">Hippiatr.</span>115.</span>

|elnltext=πάσσαλος Ion. voor πάτταλος.

|auten=gen. [[πασσαλόφιν]]· [[wooden]] [[nail]] or [[pin]], [[peg]], used to [[hang]] things [[upon]], as the [[harp]], Il. 24.268, Od. 1.440, Od. 8.67, 105.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[plug]], [[pin]], [[peg, to hang sth. up to]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Att. [[πάτταλος]].<br />Dialectal forms: On Myc. [[pasaro]], which can hardly belong here, Taillardat REGr. 73, 5 ff.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">πασσαλ-ίσκος</b> (Hp.) and <b class="b3">-ιον</b> (H.); <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> H. s. [[κυνδαλοπαίστης]] (s. [[κύνδαλος]]); <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, often w. <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, [[to pin]], [[to hang up]] (Hdt., Att.) with the nom. instr. <b class="b3">-εῖον</b> (Plb., EM); <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be provided with π.</b> (sch.), <b class="b3">προσ-όω</b> [[to pin]] (Thphr.). -- Beside it [[πάσσαξ]], <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Megar., Ar. Ach. 763; like [[πόρπαξ]], [[κνώδαξ]] a.o.; Chantraine Form. 381) with <b class="b3">-άκιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ακίζω</b> (H.); <b class="b3">πασσάριος σταυρός</b> [[H]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: First from <b class="b3">*πάκι̯αλος</b> with <b class="b3">λ-</b>suffix; to Lat. [[pac-iscor]] [[conclude a treaty]], prop. [[make fast]], <b class="b3">παγ-ῆναι</b> (with variation k: [[g]]); s. [[πήγνυμι]]. As intermediate we must posit an unknown noun: <b class="b3">*πάσσα</b> (< <b class="b3">*πακ-ι̯α</b>), <b class="b3">*-πασσος</b> or <b class="b3">*πάσσων</b> (cf. on [[κνώδαλον]])?; diff. Benveniste Origines 47 (s. also Schwyzer 483 w. n. 8). Independent, but also with [[l-]]suffix, Lat. [[pālus]] (from <b class="b2">*pac-s-lo-s</b>); here also Toch. A <b class="b2">pyākäṣ</b> (B <b class="b2">pyāśi</b>) [[pole]], [[stake]] (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 159)? -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[pessulus]] [[bolt]] (on the meaning Rocco Glotta 32, 99); s. W.-Hofmann [[sub verbo|s.v.]] -- Derivation from *ph2k- is improbable: a pin has not become stiff (like ice). It has been sfatened, fixed to a wal or a pillar. The suffix <b class="b3">-αλ-</b> is pre-Greek, cannot be IE. (The words in <b class="b3">-ακ-</b> seem Pre-Greek.) So prob. the whole word is Pre-Greek (<b class="b2">*paky-al-</b>)?

|ftr='''πάσσαλος''': {pássalos}<br />'''Forms''': att. [[πάτταλος]]; zu myk. ''pa''-''sa''-''ro'', das schwerlich hierher gehören kann, Taillardat REGr. 73, 5 ff.<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘Pflock, Nagel, Haken, um etwas daran aufzuhängen’ (seit Il.)<br />'''Derivative''': Davon die Demin. [[πασσαλίσκος]] (Hp. u.a.) und -ιον (H.); -ιστής H. s. κυνδαλοπαίστης (s. [[κύνδαλος]]); -εύω, oft m. προσ-, auch m. δια-, κατα-, [[annageln]], [[aufhängen]] (Hdt., att.) mit dem Nom. instr. -εῖον (Plb., ''EM''); -όομαι ‘mit π. versehen werden’ (Sch.), προσόω [[annageln]] (Thphr.). — Daneben [[πάσσαξ]], -ακος m. ib. (megar., Ar. ''Ach''. 763; wie [[πόρπαξ]], [[κνώδαξ]] u.a.; Chantraine Form. 381) mit -άκιον, -ακίζω (H.); [[πασσάριος]]· [[σταυρός]] H.<br />'''Etymology''': Zunächst aus *πάκι̯αλος mit λ-Suffix; letzten Endes zu lat. ''păc''-''iscor'' [[einen Vertrag schließen]], eig. [[festmachen]], παγῆναι (mit Wechsel ''k'': ''g''); s. [[πήγνυμι]]. Als Zwischenglied muß ein unbekanntes Nomen angesetzt werden: *πάσσα (< *πακι̯α), -πασσος oder *[[πάσσων]] (vgl. zu [[κνώδαλον]]) ?; anders Benveniste Origines 47 (s. auch Schwyzer 483 m. A. 8). Davon unabhängig, aber ebenfalls mit ''l''-Suffix, lat. ''pālus'' (aus *''pac''-''s''-''lo''-''s''); hierher noch toch. A ''pyākäṣ'' (B ''pyāśi'') [[Pfahl]], [[Säule]] (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 159)? — Lat. LW ''pessulus'' [[Riegel]] (zur Bed. Rocco Glotta 32, 99); s. W.-Hofmann s.v.<br />'''Page''' 2,477