φόβος: Difference between revisions
ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς φιλαυτίας παρηγμένοι ἄλογα φασὶν τὰ ζῷα ἐφεξῆς τὰ ἄλλα σύμπαντα → it is self-love which leads them to say that all the other animals without exception are non-rational
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|Definition=ὁ, (φέβομαι) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">panic flight</b>, the usual sense in Hom., cf. Sch. <span class="bibl">Il.11.71</span> (but cf. φύζα, φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη <span class="bibl">Il.9.2</span>); once in Od., οἱ δ' ἔσχοντο φόβου <span class="bibl">24.57</span>; freq. in Il., Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φ. τε <span class="bibl">15.396</span>; πρῶτος Πηνέλεως . . ἦρχε φόβοιο <span class="bibl">17.597</span>; ἐς φόβον ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">15.310</span>; <b class="b3">φόβονδε</b> = [[φύγαδε]], ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς, μηδὲ τρωπᾶσθε φόβονδε ib.<span class="bibl">666</span>; φόβονδ' ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους <span class="bibl">8.139</span>; <b class="b3">μή τι φόβονδ' ἀγόρευε</b> counsel not <b class="b2">to flight</b>, <span class="bibl">5.252</span>; ἀΐξαντα φόβονδε <span class="bibl">17.579</span>; ὦρσαν φόβον Δαναοῖς <span class="bibl">B.12.145</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">Φόβος</b> personified, as son of Ares, <span class="bibl">Il.13.299</span>; Δεῖμός τε Φ. τε <span class="bibl">11.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.440</span>, <span class="bibl">15.119</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>934</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>45</span>; worshipped at Selinus, <span class="title">IG</span>14.268.2. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">panic fear</b>, [στρατῷ] φ. ἐμβάλλειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.10</span>.έ; ἐν τῷ γινομένῳ φ. <span class="bibl">Id.9.69</span>; generally, <b class="b2">fear, terror</b> (distd. from <b class="b3">δέος</b> (q.v.)), τορὸς ὀρθόθριξ φ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>32</span> (lyr.); διάτορος φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>183</span> (lyr.); ταρβόσυνος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>240</span> (lyr.); νεανικός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1204</span>; joined with <b class="b3">δέος</b> and <b class="b3">δεῖμα</b>, v. sub vocc.; opp. <b class="b3">θάρρος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>644c</span>; sts. in milder sense, <b class="b2">doubt, scruple</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>101b</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει πολλὴν ὑποψίαν καὶ φ. ὡς</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sph.</span>268a</span>: also, <b class="b2">awe, reverence</b>, for a ruler or divine being, τοῦ ἡγεμόνος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1642.17</span> (iii A.D.); θεοῦ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>35(36).1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.418.4</span> (iv A.D.): τοῦκυρίου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>931</span>.—Construction, a. c. gen. obj., <b class="b2">fear</b> or <b class="b2">dread of</b>... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>116</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Th.3.54</span>, etc.; φ. τοῦ στρατεῦσαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.18</span>: c. dupl.gen., ὀμμάτων εἰληφότας φόβον . . τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπεισόδου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>730</span>: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.2.37</span> codd.; ὁ ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.53</span>; οὑξ ὀνειράτων φ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 929</span>; πρός τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>783</span>; πρός τινας <span class="bibl">D.16.10</span>, <span class="bibl">25.93</span>; <b class="b3">φ. περὶ τοῦ καρποῦ</b> <b class="b2">fear</b> for or concerning... <span class="bibl">Th.4.88</span>; φ. ἑκάστων πέρι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>20b</span>; ὑπὲρ τοῦ μέλλοντος <span class="bibl">Th.7.41</span>; τὸν ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρους φ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.18</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ καθ' ἑαντὸν φ</b>. from personal <b class="b2">fear</b>, <span class="bibl">D.19.2</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">φόβῳ εἰσορᾶν</b> <b class="b2">from fear</b> to see, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1342</span>:—for <b class="b3">τεθνάναι τῷ φόβῳ τινά</b>, v. [[θνῄσκω]] <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> with Verbs, τεύχειν φόβον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1090</span> (anap.); κλάζουσι κώδωνες φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>386</span>; φ. ποιεῖν τοῖς ἵπποις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 1.8.18</span>; παρασχεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1113</span>, etc.; παρασκευάζειν <span class="bibl">D.59.86</span>; <b class="b3">φόβους ἐμβάλλειν, φόβον ἐνθεῖναί τινι</b>, to strike <b class="b2">terror</b> into one, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.18</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>7.4.1</span>; ἐνεργάσασθαί τινι <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.38</span>, <span class="bibl">11.25</span>; ἔδωκ' Ἀπόλλων θῆρας φόβῳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.61</span>; of the person who feels fear, <b class="b3">φόβον λαβεῖν, ἔχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>39</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>11.11</span>; ἐκ φόβου φ. τρέφω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>28</span>: acc. cogn., <b class="b3">φόβους φοβεῖσθαι, δεδοικέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>360b</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>548</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν σὸν οὐ ταρβῶ φ</b>. I fear not with thy <b class="b2">fear</b>, i.e. not like thee, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1251</span>; <b class="b3">Ταντάλου φ. φοβεῖσθαι</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>6</span>; ἐς φ. κατιστέατο <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.81</span>; ἐν φ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>578e</span>; φ. μ' ἔχει <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1243</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span> 1255</span>; <b class="b3">μοι φ. τις εἰσελήλυθ', μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις φ</b>., ib.<span class="bibl">1324</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1231</span>; τοῖς Ἕλλησι φ. ἐμπίπτει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.19</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">διὰ φόβου ἔρχομαι, διὰ φόβων γίγνομαι</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>757</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>791b</span>: opp. φόβον λύειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 270</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>104</span>; διαλῦσαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>241b</span>; φόβους ἐξαίρει τῶν πολιτῶν <span class="bibl">Isoc. 2.23</span>; ἀπεληλακέναι τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.10</span>; <b class="b3">φόβου ἀπαλλάξεσθαι</b> to get rid of <b class="b2">it</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">5.2.32</span>; φόβου ἐκλύσασθαί τινα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1002</span>; φόβους ἀπολύεσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1415b18</span>; <b class="b3">φόβου μεθεῖσα</b> (Valck. <b class="b3">φόβον</b>) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>555</span>; φόβου ἔξωθεν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>901</span>; ἵνα φόβος εἴη στρατεύειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ φ. μὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.25</span>; <b class="b3">φ. ἐστὶν ὅπως μὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>193a</span>; but <b class="b3">φόβος εἰ πείσω</b> I <b class="b2">fear</b> I shall not persuade... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>184</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἡμέας ἔχειφ. τε καὶ δέος ὅκως χρὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.115</span> (<b class="b3">φόβος ἦν ὥστε μὴ τέγξαι</b> is corrupt in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1380</span>): adverbial usages, <b class="b3">φόβῳ</b> <b class="b2">by</b> or <b class="b2">through fear</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>786</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>240</span> (lyr.), etc.; ἀνάγκῃ καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>554d</span>: with Preps., <b class="b3">διὰ φόβον, διὰ τὸν φ</b>., <span class="bibl">Democr.41</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>1.38</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.24</span>; ἐκ τίνος φόβου; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>887</span>; μετὰ φόβων <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.26</span>; ἄρχειν ξὺν φόβοισι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>585</span>; προαποθνῄσκειν ὑπὸ τοῦ φ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.25</span>; Poet., ἀμφὶ φόβῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>825</span> (lyr.): pl., not only in Poets, as <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.27</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>134</span> (prob. l.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>531</span>, etc., but also in Prose, φόβους καὶ δείματα <span class="bibl">Th.7.80</span>; πόνους καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>635c</span>; κινδύνους καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>173a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">object</b> or <b class="b2">cause of terror</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1652</span>; <b class="b3">φόβος ἀκοῦσαι</b> <b class="b2">a terror</b> to hear, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.112</span>: pl., ἢν φόβους λέγῃ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>917</span>; πολλῶν φ. προσαγομένων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.1.23</span>.</span> | |Definition=ὁ, (φέβομαι) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">panic flight</b>, the usual sense in Hom., cf. Sch. <span class="bibl">Il.11.71</span> (but cf. φύζα, φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη <span class="bibl">Il.9.2</span>); once in Od., οἱ δ' ἔσχοντο φόβου <span class="bibl">24.57</span>; freq. in Il., Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φ. τε <span class="bibl">15.396</span>; πρῶτος Πηνέλεως . . ἦρχε φόβοιο <span class="bibl">17.597</span>; ἐς φόβον ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">15.310</span>; <b class="b3">φόβονδε</b> = [[φύγαδε]], ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς, μηδὲ τρωπᾶσθε φόβονδε ib.<span class="bibl">666</span>; φόβονδ' ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους <span class="bibl">8.139</span>; <b class="b3">μή τι φόβονδ' ἀγόρευε</b> counsel not <b class="b2">to flight</b>, <span class="bibl">5.252</span>; ἀΐξαντα φόβονδε <span class="bibl">17.579</span>; ὦρσαν φόβον Δαναοῖς <span class="bibl">B.12.145</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">Φόβος</b> personified, as son of Ares, <span class="bibl">Il.13.299</span>; Δεῖμός τε Φ. τε <span class="bibl">11.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.440</span>, <span class="bibl">15.119</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>934</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>45</span>; worshipped at Selinus, <span class="title">IG</span>14.268.2. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">panic fear</b>, [στρατῷ] φ. ἐμβάλλειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.10</span>.έ; ἐν τῷ γινομένῳ φ. <span class="bibl">Id.9.69</span>; generally, <b class="b2">fear, terror</b> (distd. from <b class="b3">δέος</b> (q.v.)), τορὸς ὀρθόθριξ φ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>32</span> (lyr.); διάτορος φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>183</span> (lyr.); ταρβόσυνος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>240</span> (lyr.); νεανικός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1204</span>; joined with <b class="b3">δέος</b> and <b class="b3">δεῖμα</b>, v. sub vocc.; opp. <b class="b3">θάρρος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>644c</span>; sts. in milder sense, <b class="b2">doubt, scruple</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>101b</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει πολλὴν ὑποψίαν καὶ φ. ὡς</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sph.</span>268a</span>: also, <b class="b2">awe, reverence</b>, for a ruler or divine being, τοῦ ἡγεμόνος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1642.17</span> (iii A.D.); θεοῦ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>35(36).1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.418.4</span> (iv A.D.): τοῦκυρίου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>931</span>.—Construction, a. c. gen. obj., <b class="b2">fear</b> or <b class="b2">dread of</b>... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>116</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Th.3.54</span>, etc.; φ. τοῦ στρατεῦσαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.18</span>: c. dupl.gen., ὀμμάτων εἰληφότας φόβον . . τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπεισόδου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>730</span>: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.2.37</span> codd.; ὁ ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.53</span>; οὑξ ὀνειράτων φ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 929</span>; πρός τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>783</span>; πρός τινας <span class="bibl">D.16.10</span>, <span class="bibl">25.93</span>; <b class="b3">φ. περὶ τοῦ καρποῦ</b> <b class="b2">fear</b> for or concerning... <span class="bibl">Th.4.88</span>; φ. ἑκάστων πέρι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>20b</span>; ὑπὲρ τοῦ μέλλοντος <span class="bibl">Th.7.41</span>; τὸν ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρους φ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.18</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ καθ' ἑαντὸν φ</b>. from personal <b class="b2">fear</b>, <span class="bibl">D.19.2</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">φόβῳ εἰσορᾶν</b> <b class="b2">from fear</b> to see, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1342</span>:—for <b class="b3">τεθνάναι τῷ φόβῳ τινά</b>, v. [[θνῄσκω]] <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> with Verbs, τεύχειν φόβον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1090</span> (anap.); κλάζουσι κώδωνες φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>386</span>; φ. ποιεῖν τοῖς ἵπποις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 1.8.18</span>; παρασχεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1113</span>, etc.; παρασκευάζειν <span class="bibl">D.59.86</span>; <b class="b3">φόβους ἐμβάλλειν, φόβον ἐνθεῖναί τινι</b>, to strike <b class="b2">terror</b> into one, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.18</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>7.4.1</span>; ἐνεργάσασθαί τινι <span class="bibl">Isoc.7.38</span>, <span class="bibl">11.25</span>; ἔδωκ' Ἀπόλλων θῆρας φόβῳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.61</span>; of the person who feels fear, <b class="b3">φόβον λαβεῖν, ἔχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>39</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>11.11</span>; ἐκ φόβου φ. τρέφω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>28</span>: acc. cogn., <b class="b3">φόβους φοβεῖσθαι, δεδοικέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>360b</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>548</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν σὸν οὐ ταρβῶ φ</b>. I fear not with thy <b class="b2">fear</b>, i.e. not like thee, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1251</span>; <b class="b3">Ταντάλου φ. φοβεῖσθαι</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>6</span>; ἐς φ. κατιστέατο <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.81</span>; ἐν φ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>578e</span>; φ. μ' ἔχει <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1243</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span> 1255</span>; <b class="b3">μοι φ. τις εἰσελήλυθ', μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις φ</b>., ib.<span class="bibl">1324</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1231</span>; τοῖς Ἕλλησι φ. ἐμπίπτει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.19</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">διὰ φόβου ἔρχομαι, διὰ φόβων γίγνομαι</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>757</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>791b</span>: opp. φόβον λύειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span> 270</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>104</span>; διαλῦσαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>241b</span>; φόβους ἐξαίρει τῶν πολιτῶν <span class="bibl">Isoc. 2.23</span>; ἀπεληλακέναι τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.10</span>; <b class="b3">φόβου ἀπαλλάξεσθαι</b> to get rid of <b class="b2">it</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">5.2.32</span>; φόβου ἐκλύσασθαί τινα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1002</span>; φόβους ἀπολύεσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1415b18</span>; <b class="b3">φόβου μεθεῖσα</b> (Valck. <b class="b3">φόβον</b>) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>555</span>; φόβου ἔξωθεν εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>901</span>; ἵνα φόβος εἴη στρατεύειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ φ. μὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.25</span>; <b class="b3">φ. ἐστὶν ὅπως μὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>193a</span>; but <b class="b3">φόβος εἰ πείσω</b> I <b class="b2">fear</b> I shall not persuade... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>184</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ἡμέας ἔχειφ. τε καὶ δέος ὅκως χρὴ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.115</span> (<b class="b3">φόβος ἦν ὥστε μὴ τέγξαι</b> is corrupt in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1380</span>): adverbial usages, <b class="b3">φόβῳ</b> <b class="b2">by</b> or <b class="b2">through fear</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>786</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>240</span> (lyr.), etc.; ἀνάγκῃ καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>554d</span>: with Preps., <b class="b3">διὰ φόβον, διὰ τὸν φ</b>., <span class="bibl">Democr.41</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>1.38</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.24</span>; ἐκ τίνος φόβου; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>887</span>; μετὰ φόβων <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.26</span>; ἄρχειν ξὺν φόβοισι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>585</span>; προαποθνῄσκειν ὑπὸ τοῦ φ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.25</span>; Poet., ἀμφὶ φόβῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>825</span> (lyr.): pl., not only in Poets, as <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.27</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>134</span> (prob. l.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>531</span>, etc., but also in Prose, φόβους καὶ δείματα <span class="bibl">Th.7.80</span>; πόνους καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>635c</span>; κινδύνους καὶ φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>173a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">object</b> or <b class="b2">cause of terror</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1652</span>; <b class="b3">φόβος ἀκοῦσαι</b> <b class="b2">a terror</b> to hear, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.112</span>: pl., ἢν φόβους λέγῃ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>917</span>; πολλῶν φ. προσαγομένων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.1.23</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1294.png Seite 1294]] ὁ, Furcht, Schrecken, Besorgniß vor einem Uebel, mit dem Willen, sich diesem zu entziehen ([[φέβομαι]]); <b class="b2">Flucht</b>, nach Aristarch. bei Hom. nur in dieser Bdtg; Il. oft, Ggstz von [[ἀλκή]], 13, 48, in der Od. nur einmal, 24, 57; φόβονδε ἵππους ἄγειν, zur Flucht, wie φόβονδε τρωπᾶσθαι, φόβονδε ἀΐσσειν, Il. 8, 139. 15, 666. 17, 579; auch φόβονδε ἀγορεύειν, zur Flucht rathen, 5, 252; Her. 7, 10, 5; – Furcht: ἐν δαιμονίοισι φόβοις Pind. N. 9, 27, vgl. P. 5, 61. 9, 33; φόβου πλέα τις εἶ Aesch. Prom. 798, u. oft, wie die andern Tragg.; φρὴν ἀμύσσεται φόβῳ Aesch. Pers. 115; φόβον βλέπων Spt. 480; [[φόβος]] μ' ἔχει Ag. 1216; auch [[φόβος]] μ' ἔχει φρένας Suppl. 374; ἀνέπταν φόβῳ Soph. Ant. 1292; ὡς μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις [[φόβος]] Phil. 1215, vgl. El. 1001; Eur. oft; u. in Prosa: Ggstz θάῤῥος Plat. Legg. I, 647 b; Tim. 49 d; auch im plur. oft, z. B. οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι οὐκ αἰσχροὺς φόβους φοβοῦνται Prot. 360 b; φόβον παρέχειν, ἐμβάλλειν τινί, Furcht einflößen, Xen. u. A. oft; φόβον ἀπελαύνειν, Furcht vertreiben, Xen. Cyr. 4, 2,10; φόβου ἀπαλλάττεσθαι 5, 2,32; τῷ καθ' ἑαυτὸν φόβῳ Dem. 19, 2; häufig [[φόβος]] ἐστί, μή, Xen Mem. 2, 1,15; – οἱ φόβοι, Furcht erregende Gegenstande, Xen. An. 4, 1,23; vgl. ἢν φόβους λέγῃ Soph. O. R. 917; μ εγάλους φόβους καὶ κινδύνους ἔτι ἁπαλαῖς ψυ χαῖς ἐπιβάλλουσα Plat. Theaet. 173 e; [[φόβος]] ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων Xen. Cyr. 3, 3,53, ἔκ τινος Aesch. Ch. 930; ὁ ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρο υς [[φόβος]], den die Griechen den Barbaren einflößen, Xen. An 1, 2,18; ὁ [[φόβος]] ὁ πρὸς ὑμᾶς Dem. 25, 93. | |||
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Revision as of 19:45, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ὁ, (φέβομαι)
A panic flight, the usual sense in Hom., cf. Sch. Il.11.71 (but cf. φύζα, φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη Il.9.2); once in Od., οἱ δ' ἔσχοντο φόβου 24.57; freq. in Il., Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φ. τε 15.396; πρῶτος Πηνέλεως . . ἦρχε φόβοιο 17.597; ἐς φόβον ἀνδρῶν 15.310; φόβονδε = φύγαδε, ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς, μηδὲ τρωπᾶσθε φόβονδε ib.666; φόβονδ' ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους 8.139; μή τι φόβονδ' ἀγόρευε counsel not to flight, 5.252; ἀΐξαντα φόβονδε 17.579; ὦρσαν φόβον Δαναοῖς B.12.145. 2 Φόβος personified, as son of Ares, Il.13.299; Δεῖμός τε Φ. τε 11.37, cf. 4.440, 15.119, Hes.Th.934, A.Th.45; worshipped at Selinus, IG14.268.2. II panic fear, [στρατῷ] φ. ἐμβάλλειν Hdt.7.10.έ; ἐν τῷ γινομένῳ φ. Id.9.69; generally, fear, terror (distd. from δέος (q.v.)), τορὸς ὀρθόθριξ φ. A.Ch.32 (lyr.); διάτορος φ. Id.Pr.183 (lyr.); ταρβόσυνος Id.Th.240 (lyr.); νεανικός E.Hipp.1204; joined with δέος and δεῖμα, v. sub vocc.; opp. θάρρος, Pl.Lg.644c; sts. in milder sense, doubt, scruple, Pl.Phd.101b; ἔχει πολλὴν ὑποψίαν καὶ φ. ὡς . . Id.Sph.268a: also, awe, reverence, for a ruler or divine being, τοῦ ἡγεμόνος POxy.1642.17 (iii A.D.); θεοῦ LXX Ps.35(36).1, PLond.2.418.4 (iv A.D.): τοῦκυρίου Act.Ap.931.—Construction, a. c. gen. obj., fear or dread of... A.Pers.116 (lyr.), Th.3.54, etc.; φ. τοῦ στρατεῦσαι X.An.3.1.18: c. dupl.gen., ὀμμάτων εἰληφότας φόβον . . τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπεισόδου S.OC730: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος X.An.7.2.37 codd.; ὁ ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων φ. Id.Cyr.3.3.53; οὑξ ὀνειράτων φ. A.Ch. 929; πρός τινος S.El.783; πρός τινας D.16.10, 25.93; φ. περὶ τοῦ καρποῦ fear for or concerning... Th.4.88; φ. ἑκάστων πέρι Pl.Phlb.20b; ὑπὲρ τοῦ μέλλοντος Th.7.41; τὸν ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρους φ. X.An.1.2.18; τῷ καθ' ἑαντὸν φ. from personal fear, D.19.2: c. inf., φόβῳ εἰσορᾶν from fear to see, E.IT1342:—for τεθνάναι τῷ φόβῳ τινά, v. θνῄσκω 1.2. b with Verbs, τεύχειν φόβον A.Pr.1090 (anap.); κλάζουσι κώδωνες φ. Id.Th.386; φ. ποιεῖν τοῖς ἵπποις X.An. 1.8.18; παρασχεῖν E.Hec.1113, etc.; παρασκευάζειν D.59.86; φόβους ἐμβάλλειν, φόβον ἐνθεῖναί τινι, to strike terror into one, X.Cyr.8.7.18, An.7.4.1; ἐνεργάσασθαί τινι Isoc.7.38, 11.25; ἔδωκ' Ἀπόλλων θῆρας φόβῳ Pi.P.5.61; of the person who feels fear, φόβον λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, E.El.39, X.Hier.11.11; ἐκ φόβου φ. τρέφω S.Tr.28: acc. cogn., φόβους φοβεῖσθαι, δεδοικέναι, Pl.Prt.360b, E.Supp.548; τὸν σὸν οὐ ταρβῶ φ. I fear not with thy fear, i.e. not like thee, S.Ph.1251; Ταντάλου φ. φοβεῖσθαι Sch.E.Or.6; ἐς φ. κατιστέατο Hdt.8.12, cf. Th.2.81; ἐν φ. γενέσθαι Pl.R.578e; φ. μ' ἔχει A.Ag.1243, cf. E.Or. 1255; μοι φ. τις εἰσελήλυθ', μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις φ., ib.1324, S.Ph.1231; τοῖς Ἕλλησι φ. ἐμπίπτει X.An.2.2.19, etc.; διὰ φόβου ἔρχομαι, διὰ φόβων γίγνομαι, E.Or.757 (troch.), Pl.Lg.791b: opp. φόβον λύειν A.Th. 270, E.Or.104; διαλῦσαι Pl.Mx.241b; φόβους ἐξαίρει τῶν πολιτῶν Isoc. 2.23; ἀπεληλακέναι τινί X.Cyr.4.2.10; φόβου ἀπαλλάξεσθαι to get rid of it, ib.5.2.32; φόβου ἐκλύσασθαί τινα S.OT1002; φόβους ἀπολύεσθαι Arist.Rh.1415b18; φόβου μεθεῖσα (Valck. φόβον) E.Hel.555; φόβου ἔξωθεν εἶναι Id.El.901; ἵνα φόβος εἴη στρατεύειν X.An.2.4.3; οὐ φ. μὴ . . Id.Mem.2.1.25; φ. ἐστὶν ὅπως μὴ . . Pl.Smp.193a; but φόβος εἰ πείσω I fear I shall not persuade... E.Med.184 (anap.); ἡμέας ἔχειφ. τε καὶ δέος ὅκως χρὴ . . Hdt.4.115 (φόβος ἦν ὥστε μὴ τέγξαι is corrupt in E.IT1380): adverbial usages, φόβῳ by or through fear, A.Supp.786 (lyr.), Th.240 (lyr.), etc.; ἀνάγκῃ καὶ φ. Pl.R.554d: with Preps., διὰ φόβον, διὰ τὸν φ., Democr.41, X.Hier.1.38, Cyr.3.1.24; ἐκ τίνος φόβου; S.OC887; μετὰ φόβων Isoc.2.26; ἄρχειν ξὺν φόβοισι S.OT585; προαποθνῄσκειν ὑπὸ τοῦ φ. X.Cyr.3.1.25; Poet., ἀμφὶ φόβῳ E.Or.825 (lyr.): pl., not only in Poets, as Pi.N.9.27, A.Th.134 (prob. l.), S.Aj.531, etc., but also in Prose, φόβους καὶ δείματα Th.7.80; πόνους καὶ φ. Pl. Lg.635c; κινδύνους καὶ φ. Id.Tht.173a. 2 object or cause of terror, S.OC1652; φόβος ἀκοῦσαι a terror to hear, Hdt.6.112: pl., ἢν φόβους λέγῃ S.OT917; πολλῶν φ. προσαγομένων X.An.4.1.23.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1294] ὁ, Furcht, Schrecken, Besorgniß vor einem Uebel, mit dem Willen, sich diesem zu entziehen (φέβομαι); Flucht, nach Aristarch. bei Hom. nur in dieser Bdtg; Il. oft, Ggstz von ἀλκή, 13, 48, in der Od. nur einmal, 24, 57; φόβονδε ἵππους ἄγειν, zur Flucht, wie φόβονδε τρωπᾶσθαι, φόβονδε ἀΐσσειν, Il. 8, 139. 15, 666. 17, 579; auch φόβονδε ἀγορεύειν, zur Flucht rathen, 5, 252; Her. 7, 10, 5; – Furcht: ἐν δαιμονίοισι φόβοις Pind. N. 9, 27, vgl. P. 5, 61. 9, 33; φόβου πλέα τις εἶ Aesch. Prom. 798, u. oft, wie die andern Tragg.; φρὴν ἀμύσσεται φόβῳ Aesch. Pers. 115; φόβον βλέπων Spt. 480; φόβος μ' ἔχει Ag. 1216; auch φόβος μ' ἔχει φρένας Suppl. 374; ἀνέπταν φόβῳ Soph. Ant. 1292; ὡς μ' ὑπῆλθέ τις φόβος Phil. 1215, vgl. El. 1001; Eur. oft; u. in Prosa: Ggstz θάῤῥος Plat. Legg. I, 647 b; Tim. 49 d; auch im plur. oft, z. B. οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι οὐκ αἰσχροὺς φόβους φοβοῦνται Prot. 360 b; φόβον παρέχειν, ἐμβάλλειν τινί, Furcht einflößen, Xen. u. A. oft; φόβον ἀπελαύνειν, Furcht vertreiben, Xen. Cyr. 4, 2,10; φόβου ἀπαλλάττεσθαι 5, 2,32; τῷ καθ' ἑαυτὸν φόβῳ Dem. 19, 2; häufig φόβος ἐστί, μή, Xen Mem. 2, 1,15; – οἱ φόβοι, Furcht erregende Gegenstande, Xen. An. 4, 1,23; vgl. ἢν φόβους λέγῃ Soph. O. R. 917; μ εγάλους φόβους καὶ κινδύνους ἔτι ἁπαλαῖς ψυ χαῖς ἐπιβάλλουσα Plat. Theaet. 173 e; φόβος ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων Xen. Cyr. 3, 3,53, ἔκ τινος Aesch. Ch. 930; ὁ ἐκ τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τοὺς βαρβάρο υς φόβος, den die Griechen den Barbaren einflößen, Xen. An 1, 2,18; ὁ φόβος ὁ πρὸς ὑμᾶς Dem. 25, 93.
