imperator: Difference between revisions
ἢ τοὺς πότους ἐρεῖς δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τὰ δεῖπνα καὶ ἐσθῆτα καὶ ἀφροδίσια, καὶ δέδιας μὴ τούτων ἐνδεὴς γενόμενος ἀπόλωμαι. οὐκ ἐννοεῖς δὲ ὅτι τὸ μὴ διψῆν τοῦ πιεῖν πολὺ κάλλιον καὶ τὸ μὴ πεινῆν τοῦ φαγεῖν καὶ τὸ μὴ ῥιγοῦν τοῦ ἀμπεχόνης εὐπορεῖν; → There you'll go, talking of drinking and dining and dressing up and screwing, worrying I'll be lost without all that. Don't you realize how much better it is to have no thirst, than to drink? to have no hunger, than to eat? to not be cold, than to possess a wardrobe of finery? (Lucian, On Mourning 16)
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|lshtext=<b>impĕrātor</b>: (inp-), ōris (archaic form induperator, Enn. Ann. v. 86; 332; 350; 552 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 967; 5, 1227; cf. 1.<br /><b>I</b> init.; [[but]] in Enn. also [[imperator]], Trag. v. 34 Vahl.), m. id..<br /><b>I</b> Orig., milit. t. t., a [[commander]]-in-[[chief]], [[general]], = [[στρατηγός]] | |lshtext=<b>impĕrātor</b>: (inp-), ōris (archaic form induperator, Enn. Ann. v. 86; 332; 350; 552 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 967; 5, 1227; cf. 1.<br /><b>I</b> init.; [[but]] in Enn. also [[imperator]], Trag. v. 34 Vahl.), m. id..<br /><b>I</b> Orig., milit. t. t., a [[commander]]-in-[[chief]], [[general]], = [[στρατηγός]] (cf.: dux, [[ductor]]).<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: si [[forte]] quaereretur, quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem [[principio]], [[quis]] esset [[imperator]]: qui cum esset [[constitutus]] [[administrator]] [[quidam]] belli gerendi, tum adjungeremus de exercitu, de castris, etc.... de reliquis rebus, quae essent propriae belli administrandi: quarum qui essent [[animo]] et [[scientia]] compotes, eos esse imperatores dicerem, utererque exemplis Africanorum et Maximorum; Epaminondam [[atque]] Hannibalem [[atque]] ejus generis homines nominarem, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210: aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: [[alter]] omnia agere ad [[praescriptum]], [[alter]] [[libere]] ad summam rerum consulere debet, Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 4: [[sapiens]] et [[callidus]] [[imperator]], Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58: [[bonus]] ac [[fortis]], id. de Or. 2, 44, 187; cf.: [[egregie]] [[fortis]] et [[bonus]], id. ib. 2, 66, 268: eosdem labores non [[aeque]] esse graves imperatori et militi, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62: ego sic [[existimo]] in summo imperatore quatuor has res inesse oportere, scientiam rei [[militaris]], virtutem, auctoritatem, felicitatem, etc., id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: unum ad id [[bellum]] imperatorem deposci, id. ib. 2, 5: [[nomen]] invicti imperatoris, id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82: [[Themistocles]] ... [[imperator]] [[bello]] Persico, id. Lael. 12, 42: cum pro se [[quisque]] in conspectu imperatoris ... operam navare cuperet, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.: insece, [[Musa]], manu Romanorum induperator Quod [[quisque]] in [[bello]] gessit cum rege Philippo, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 9, 3 (Ann. v. 332 Vahl.): induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire, Lucr. 4, 967.—As a [[title]], placed [[after]] the [[name]]: M. [[Cicero]] S. D. C. Antonio M. F. Imp., Cic. Fam. 5, 5 inscr.: Cn. Pompeio Cn. F. Magno Imperatori, id. ib. 5, 7 inscr.: Vatinio Imp. S., id. ib. 5, 11 et saep. —<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., pregn., in the times of the [[republic]], a [[title]] of [[honor]] conferred on a [[general]] [[after]] [[any]] [[important]] [[victory]]: his rebus gestis [[Curio]] se in [[castra]] ad Bagradam recepit, [[atque]] universi [[exercitus]] conclamatione Imperator appellatur, Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 1; cf.: [[Pompeius]] eo [[proelio]] Imperator est appellatus, id. ib. 3, 71, 3; Cic. Phil. 14, 4, 11; 14, 5, 12; Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 1; Liv. 27, 19, 4; Inscr. Orell. 542; 3417 sq. (cf. also Plin. [[Pan]]. 12, 1).—<br /><b>II</b> Transf. [[beyond]] the milit. [[sphere]].<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., a [[commander]], [[leader]], [[chief]], [[director]], [[ruler]], [[master]]: (Romani) immutato [[more]] annua imperia, binos imperatores sibi fecere, i. e. consuls, Sall. C. 6, 7: (vis venti) Induperatorem [[classis]] [[super]] aequora verrit, [[admiral]], Lucr. 5, 1227: [[imperator]] [[histricus]], [[director]], [[manager]], Plaut. Poen. prol. 4: di te servassint [[semper]] ... [[salus]] interioris hominis amorisque inperator, id. As. 3, 3, 66: familiae, id. Capt. 2, 2, 57: [[nolo]] eundem populum imperatorem et portitorem esse terrarum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 24, 22 (Rep. 4, 7 Mos.): dux et [[imperator]] vitae mortalium [[animus]] est, Sall. J. 1, 3: vitae nostrae necisque, Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> An epithet of Jupiter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129: [[signum]] Jovis Imperatoris, Liv. 6, 29, 8.—<br /> <b>2</b> The [[conqueror]] at a [[game]] of chess, Vop. Proc. 13, 2.—<br /> <b>3</b> The [[title]] of the Roman emperors, placed [[either]] [[before]] or [[after]] the [[name]] (cf. I.); [[before]] it, Suet. Caes. 76; Claud. 12; 26: IMP. CAESARI DIVI IVLI F., Inscr. Orell. 596; so ib. 597; 600; 602; 604 sq.; [[after]] it, Suet. Oth. 2; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 9; 4, 17, 8; 4, 22, 4.—Hence [[afterwards]] absol.: Imperator, a Roman [[emperor]], Tac. A. 3, 74: [[velut]] [[praesagium]] insequentis [[casus]], quo [[medius]] [[inter]] utriusque filios exstitit Imperator, Suet. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 13; 29; id. Galb. 3, 6, 20; id. Vit. 3 et saep. | ||
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Revision as of 09:33, 13 August 2017
English > Greek (Woodhouse)
subs.
Imperator (in Roman sense): P. στρατηγός, ὁ (late).
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
impĕrātor: (inp-), ōris (archaic form induperator, Enn. Ann. v. 86; 332; 350; 552 Vahl.; Lucr. 4, 967; 5, 1227; cf. 1.
I init.; but in Enn. also imperator, Trag. v. 34 Vahl.), m. id..
I Orig., milit. t. t., a commander-in-chief, general, = στρατηγός (cf.: dux, ductor).
A In gen.: si forte quaereretur, quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungeremus de exercitu, de castris, etc.... de reliquis rebus, quae essent propriae belli administrandi: quarum qui essent animo et scientia compotes, eos esse imperatores dicerem, utererque exemplis Africanorum et Maximorum; Epaminondam atque Hannibalem atque ejus generis homines nominarem, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 210: aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet, Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 4: sapiens et callidus imperator, Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58: bonus ac fortis, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187; cf.: egregie fortis et bonus, id. ib. 2, 66, 268: eosdem labores non aeque esse graves imperatori et militi, id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62: ego sic existimo in summo imperatore quatuor has res inesse oportere, scientiam rei militaris, virtutem, auctoritatem, felicitatem, etc., id. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: unum ad id bellum imperatorem deposci, id. ib. 2, 5: nomen invicti imperatoris, id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82: Themistocles ... imperator bello Persico, id. Lael. 12, 42: cum pro se quisque in conspectu imperatoris ... operam navare cuperet, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.: insece, Musa, manu Romanorum induperator Quod quisque in bello gessit cum rege Philippo, Enn. ap. Gell. 18, 9, 3 (Ann. v. 332 Vahl.): induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire, Lucr. 4, 967.—As a title, placed after the name: M. Cicero S. D. C. Antonio M. F. Imp., Cic. Fam. 5, 5 inscr.: Cn. Pompeio Cn. F. Magno Imperatori, id. ib. 5, 7 inscr.: Vatinio Imp. S., id. ib. 5, 11 et saep. —
B In partic., pregn., in the times of the republic, a title of honor conferred on a general after any important victory: his rebus gestis Curio se in castra ad Bagradam recepit, atque universi exercitus conclamatione Imperator appellatur, Caes. B. C. 2, 26, 1; cf.: Pompeius eo proelio Imperator est appellatus, id. ib. 3, 71, 3; Cic. Phil. 14, 4, 11; 14, 5, 12; Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 1; Liv. 27, 19, 4; Inscr. Orell. 542; 3417 sq. (cf. also Plin. Pan. 12, 1).—
II Transf. beyond the milit. sphere.
A In gen., a commander, leader, chief, director, ruler, master: (Romani) immutato more annua imperia, binos imperatores sibi fecere, i. e. consuls, Sall. C. 6, 7: (vis venti) Induperatorem classis super aequora verrit, admiral, Lucr. 5, 1227: imperator histricus, director, manager, Plaut. Poen. prol. 4: di te servassint semper ... salus interioris hominis amorisque inperator, id. As. 3, 3, 66: familiae, id. Capt. 2, 2, 57: nolo eundem populum imperatorem et portitorem esse terrarum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 24, 22 (Rep. 4, 7 Mos.): dux et imperator vitae mortalium animus est, Sall. J. 1, 3: vitae nostrae necisque, Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—
B In partic.
1 An epithet of Jupiter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129: signum Jovis Imperatoris, Liv. 6, 29, 8.—
2 The conqueror at a game of chess, Vop. Proc. 13, 2.—
3 The title of the Roman emperors, placed either before or after the name (cf. I.); before it, Suet. Caes. 76; Claud. 12; 26: IMP. CAESARI DIVI IVLI F., Inscr. Orell. 596; so ib. 597; 600; 602; 604 sq.; after it, Suet. Oth. 2; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 9; 4, 17, 8; 4, 22, 4.—Hence afterwards absol.: Imperator, a Roman emperor, Tac. A. 3, 74: velut praesagium insequentis casus, quo medius inter utriusque filios exstitit Imperator, Suet. Galb. 6; id. Claud. 13; 29; id. Galb. 3, 6, 20; id. Vit. 3 et saep.
