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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>I</b>: i, the [[ninth]] [[letter]] of the Latin [[alphabet]], a vowel; for [[even]] the old grammarians [[distinguished]] it from the consonant written [[with]] the [[same]] [[character]]; see the [[letter]] J. The [[short]]<br /><b>I</b> i is, [[next]] to ë, the [[least]] [[emphatic]] of the Latin [[vowels]], and serves, corresp. to the Gr. o, as a connecting [[sound]] in forming compounds: aerĭfodina, aerĭpes, [[altitudo]], altĭsonus, arcitenens, homĭcida, etc. It is [[often]] inserted in Latin words [[derived]] from Greek: [[mina]], techina, cucinus, [[lucinus]] (for mna, [[techna]], [[cycnus]], [[lychnus]], etc.); cf. Ritschl, Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; 10, p. 447 sq. And in [[similar]] [[manner]] inserted in arguiturus, [[abnuiturus]], etc. The vowel i is [[most]] [[closely]] [[related]] to u, and [[hence]] the [[transition]] of the [[latter]] [[into]] the [[former]] took [[place]] not [[only]] by [[assimilation]] [[into]] a [[following]] i, as [[similis]], [[together]] [[with]] [[simul]] and [[simultas]]; [[facilis]], [[together]] [[with]] [[facul]] and [[facultas]]; [[familia]], [[together]] [[with]] [[famul]] and [[famulus]]; [[but]] also [[simply]] for greater [[ease]] of [[utterance]]; so [[that]], from the [[class]]. per. [[onward]], we [[find]] i written in the [[place]] of the [[older]] u: [[optimus]], [[maximus]], [[finitimus]], [[satira]], [[lacrima]], [[libet]], [[libido]], etc., [[instead]] of the earlier [[optumus]], maxumus, finitumus, [[satura]], [[lacruma]], [[lubet]], [[lubido]], etc.; cf. also the archaic genitives cererus, venerus, [[honorus]], nominus, etc., for the [[later]] Cereris, Veneris, honoris, nominis, etc., the archaic orthography caputalis for [[capitalis]], etc. For the [[relation]] of i to a and e, see those letters. Examples of [[commutation]] [[between]] i and o are [[rare]]: -[[agnitus]], [[cognitus]], [[together]] [[with]] [[notus]], [[ilico]] from in [[loco]], the archaic forms [[ollus]], ollic for [[ille]], [[illic]], and [[inversely]], [[sispes]] and sispita for [[sospes]] and sospita. As an [[abbreviation]], I (as the [[sign]] of the vowel i) denotes in, [[infra]], [[ipse]], [[Isis]], etc.: IDQ iidemque, I. H. F. C. ipsius [[heres]] faciendum curavit, IM. [[immunis]], IMP. [[imperium]], [[imperator]], etc. The [[capital]] [[letter]] I is [[often]] [[confounded]] [[with]] the [[numeral]] I. ([[unus]], [[primus]]). | |lshtext=<b>I</b>: i, the [[ninth]] [[letter]] of the Latin [[alphabet]], a vowel; for [[even]] the old grammarians [[distinguished]] it from the consonant written [[with]] the [[same]] [[character]]; see the [[letter]] J. The [[short]]<br /><b>I</b> i is, [[next]] to ë, the [[least]] [[emphatic]] of the Latin [[vowels]], and serves, corresp. to the Gr. o, as a connecting [[sound]] in forming compounds: aerĭfodina, aerĭpes, [[altitudo]], altĭsonus, arcitenens, homĭcida, etc. It is [[often]] inserted in Latin words [[derived]] from Greek: [[mina]], techina, cucinus, [[lucinus]] (for mna, [[techna]], [[cycnus]], [[lychnus]], etc.); cf. Ritschl, Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; 10, p. 447 sq. And in [[similar]] [[manner]] inserted in arguiturus, [[abnuiturus]], etc. The vowel i is [[most]] [[closely]] [[related]] to u, and [[hence]] the [[transition]] of the [[latter]] [[into]] the [[former]] took [[place]] not [[only]] by [[assimilation]] [[into]] a [[following]] i, as [[similis]], [[together]] [[with]] [[simul]] and [[simultas]]; [[facilis]], [[together]] [[with]] [[facul]] and [[facultas]]; [[familia]], [[together]] [[with]] [[famul]] and [[famulus]]; [[but]] also [[simply]] for greater [[ease]] of [[utterance]]; so [[that]], from the [[class]]. per. [[onward]], we [[find]] i written in the [[place]] of the [[older]] u: [[optimus]], [[maximus]], [[finitimus]], [[satira]], [[lacrima]], [[libet]], [[libido]], etc., [[instead]] of the earlier [[optumus]], maxumus, finitumus, [[satura]], [[lacruma]], [[lubet]], [[lubido]], etc.; cf. also the archaic genitives cererus, venerus, [[honorus]], nominus, etc., for the [[later]] Cereris, Veneris, honoris, nominis, etc., the archaic orthography caputalis for [[capitalis]], etc. For the [[relation]] of i to a and e, see those letters. Examples of [[commutation]] [[between]] i and o are [[rare]]: -[[agnitus]], [[cognitus]], [[together]] [[with]] [[notus]], [[ilico]] from in [[loco]], the archaic forms [[ollus]], ollic for [[ille]], [[illic]], and [[inversely]], [[sispes]] and sispita for [[sospes]] and sospita. As an [[abbreviation]], I (as the [[sign]] of the vowel i) denotes in, [[infra]], [[ipse]], [[Isis]], etc.: IDQ iidemque, I. H. F. C. ipsius [[heres]] faciendum curavit, IM. [[immunis]], IMP. [[imperium]], [[imperator]], etc. The [[capital]] [[letter]] I is [[often]] [[confounded]] [[with]] the [[numeral]] I. ([[unus]], [[primus]]). | ||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=I, i, neunter [[Buchstabe]] [[des]] griech.-lat. Alphabets; diente [[bei]] den Römern [[als]] [[Zeichen]] [[für]] vokalisches und konsonantisches i. Als [[Abkürzung]] ist I = [[idem]], [[infra]], [[impensa]], [[iter]], [[Iuno]], [[Iuppiter]] u.a. – IDQ. = iidemque. – I. H. F. C. = ipsius [[heres]] faciundum curavit. – IM. = [[immunis]]. – IMP. = [[imperium]], [[imperator]]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 09:12, 15 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
I: i, the ninth letter of the Latin alphabet, a vowel; for even the old grammarians distinguished it from the consonant written with the same character; see the letter J. The short
I i is, next to ë, the least emphatic of the Latin vowels, and serves, corresp. to the Gr. o, as a connecting sound in forming compounds: aerĭfodina, aerĭpes, altitudo, altĭsonus, arcitenens, homĭcida, etc. It is often inserted in Latin words derived from Greek: mina, techina, cucinus, lucinus (for mna, techna, cycnus, lychnus, etc.); cf. Ritschl, Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq.; 9, p. 480; 10, p. 447 sq. And in similar manner inserted in arguiturus, abnuiturus, etc. The vowel i is most closely related to u, and hence the transition of the latter into the former took place not only by assimilation into a following i, as similis, together with simul and simultas; facilis, together with facul and facultas; familia, together with famul and famulus; but also simply for greater ease of utterance; so that, from the class. per. onward, we find i written in the place of the older u: optimus, maximus, finitimus, satira, lacrima, libet, libido, etc., instead of the earlier optumus, maxumus, finitumus, satura, lacruma, lubet, lubido, etc.; cf. also the archaic genitives cererus, venerus, honorus, nominus, etc., for the later Cereris, Veneris, honoris, nominis, etc., the archaic orthography caputalis for capitalis, etc. For the relation of i to a and e, see those letters. Examples of commutation between i and o are rare: -agnitus, cognitus, together with notus, ilico from in loco, the archaic forms ollus, ollic for ille, illic, and inversely, sispes and sispita for sospes and sospita. As an abbreviation, I (as the sign of the vowel i) denotes in, infra, ipse, Isis, etc.: IDQ iidemque, I. H. F. C. ipsius heres faciendum curavit, IM. immunis, IMP. imperium, imperator, etc. The capital letter I is often confounded with the numeral I. (unus, primus).
Latin > German (Georges)
I, i, neunter Buchstabe des griech.-lat. Alphabets; diente bei den Römern als Zeichen für vokalisches und konsonantisches i. Als Abkürzung ist I = idem, infra, impensa, iter, Iuno, Iuppiter u.a. – IDQ. = iidemque. – I. H. F. C. = ipsius heres faciundum curavit. – IM. = immunis. – IMP. = imperium, imperator.
