σπήλαιον

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οὐ γὰρ ἀργίας ὤνιον ἡ ὑγίεια καὶ ἀπραξίας, ἅ γε δὴ μέγιστα κακῶν ταῖς νόσοις πρόσεστι, καὶ οὐδὲν διαφέρει τοῦ τὰ ὄμματα τῷ μὴ διαβλέπειν καὶ τὴν φωνὴν τῷ μὴ φθέγγεσθαι φυλάττοντος ὁ τὴν ὑγίειαν ἀχρηστίᾳ καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ σῴζειν οἰόμενος → for health is not to be purchased by idleness and inactivity, which are the greatest evils attendant on sickness, and the man who thinks to conserve his health by uselessness and ease does not differ from him who guards his eyes by not seeing, and his voice by not speaking

Source
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Full diacritics: σπήλαιον Medium diacritics: σπήλαιον Low diacritics: σπήλαιον Capitals: ΣΠΗΛΑΙΟΝ
Transliteration A: spḗlaion Transliteration B: spēlaion Transliteration C: spilaion Beta Code: sph/laion

English (LSJ)

τό,

   A grotto, cavern, Pl.R.514a, 515a, 539e, Moschio Trag. 6.5, Satyr.Vit.Eur.Fr.39 ix 6, Apoc.6.15, etc.; σ. λῃστῶν den of robbers, LXX Je.7.11, Ev.Matt.21.13; of a grave, Supp.Epigr.7.160 (Palmyra, i A.D.), 166 (ibid., ii A.D.), Ev.Jo.11.38.    2 privy parts, LXX Hb. 2.15 (pl.).    3 place behind the scenes in a theatre, Poll.4.124.

German (Pape)

[Seite 921] τό, wie σπῆλυγξ, Höhle; Plat. Rep. VII, 514 a ff; Luc. u. a. Sp.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

σπήλαιον: τό, (σπέος) ὡς τὸ σπήλυγξ, Λατιν. spelaeum, Πλάτ. Πολ. 514Α, 515Α, 539Ε. 2) παρὰ τοῖς Ἑβδ. (Ἀββ. Β΄, 15), φαίνεται ὅτι σημαίνει τὰ κρύφια μέλη ἢ αἰδοῖα. 3) τόπος ὄπισθεν τῆς σκηνῆς ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ, Πολυδ. Δ΄, 124.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (τό) :
caverne, grotte, cavité.
Étymologie: σπέος ; cf. σπῆλυγξ.

English (Strong)

neuter of a presumed derivative of speos (a grotto); a cavern; by implication, a hiding-place or resort: cave, den.

English (Thayer)

σπηλαίου, τό (σπέος (cavern; cf. Curtius, § 111)), a cave (den): Plato, Plutarch, Lucian, Aelian, others; the Sept. for מְעָרָה.)

Greek Monotonic

σπήλαιον: τό (σπέος), σπήλαιο, σπηλιά, άντρο, λημέρι, σε Πλάτ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

σπήλαιον: τό пещера Plat., Luc., NT.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

σπήλαιον -ου, τό [~ σπέος?] grot, hol, spelonk:. σ. λῃστῶν rovershol NT Mt. 21.13.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: cave, cavern (Pl., LXX, NT a. o.).
Derivatives: σπηλαιώδης cave-like, -αΐτης m. god of caves (Paus.), -άδιον n. (Theopomp. Com.; after the dimin. in -άδιον; not -ᾳδιον; cf. Hdn. Gr. 2, 488, 12). -- Beside it σπῆλυγξ, -υγγος f. id. (Arist., Theoc., A. R. a.o.) with σπηλυγγ-ώδης (EM), -οειδής (sch.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)
Etymology: Both σπήλαιον and σπῆλυγξ are clearly enlarging transformations of one and the same basic word after diff. examples: with σπῆλυγξ cf. the semantically close σῆραγξ, φάραγξ, also φάρυγξ, λάρυγξ; σπήλαιον after κατά-, ὑπό-γαιος, -ον? The basic λ-stem can be in the same relation to the σ-stem in σπέος as e.g. νεφ-έλη to νέφ-ος. Further unclear; quite doubtful hypotheses w. lit. in Bq s. v., WP. 2, 680, W.-Hofmann s. spīrō. -- Lat. LW [loanword] spēlaeum and spēlunca (s. W.-Hofmann s.v. and Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 60f.); Alb. LW [loanword] shpellë rock, cave (Pisani Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. 3, 152). - Furnée 123 reconstructs a *σπῆλυξ. -υκος from Lat. *speluca. He further adduces πῆλυξ = ῥαγάς (H., Phot.). He also reminds of Etr. śpel(a) cave, tomb`. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek (note the prenasalization and the suffix -υγγ-).

Middle Liddell

σπήλαιον, ου, τό, σπέος
a grotto, cave, cavern, Plat.

Frisk Etymology German

σπήλαιον: {spḗlaion}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Grotte, Höhle (Pl., LXX, NT u. a.)
Derivative: mit σπηλαιώδης grottenähnlich, -αΐτης m. Grottengott (Paus.), -άδιον n. (Theopomp. Kom.; nach den Demin. auf -άδιον; nicht -ᾴδιον; vgl. Hdn. Gr. 2, 488, 12). — Daneben σπῆλυγξ, -υγγος f. ib. (Arist., Theok., A. R. u.a.) mit σπηλυγγώδης (EM), -οειδής (Sch.).
Etymology : Sowohl σπήλαιον wie σπῆλυγξ sind offenbar erweiternde Umbildungen eines und desselben Grundwortes nach verschiedenen Vorbildern: zu σπῆλυγξ vgl. die sinnverwandten σῆραγξ, φάραγξ, auch φάρυγξ, λάρυγξ; σπήλαιον nach κατά-, ὑπόγαιος, -ον? Der zugrunde liegende λ-Stamm kann zum σ-Stamm in σπέος in ähnlicher Beziehung stehen wie z.B. νεφέλη zu νέφος. Sonst dunkel; ganz fragliche Hypothesen m. Lit. bei Bq s. v., WP. 2, 680, W.-Hofmann s. spīrō. — Lat. LW spēlaeum und spēlunca (s. W.-Hofmann s.v. und Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 60f.); alb. LW shpellë Felsen, Höhle (Pisani Jb. f. kleinas. Forsch. 3, 152).
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Chinese

原文音譯:sp»laion 士胚來按
詞類次數:名詞(6)
原文字根:洞
字義溯源:大地洞,洞穴,山洞,獸穴,窩,洞;源自(σπένδω)X*=巖穴)
出現次數:總共(6);太(1);可(1);路(1);約(1);來(1);啓(1)
譯字彙編
1) 窩(3) 太21:13; 可11:17; 路19:46;
2) 洞穴(1) 啓6:15;
3) 一個洞穴(1) 約11:38;
4) 山洞(1) 來11:38