πείνη
βίος ἀνεόρταστος μακρὴ ὁδὸς ἀπανδόκευτος → a life without feasting is a long journey without an inn | a life without festivals is a long journey without inns | a life without festivals is a long road without inns | a life without festivity is a long road without an inn | a life without festivity is like a long road without an inn | a life without holidays is like a long road without taverns | a life without parties is a long journey without inns | a life without public holidays is a long road without hotels
English (LSJ)
A v. πεῖνα.
German (Pape)
[Seite 545] ἡ, ion. u. ep. statt πεῖνα, Od. 15, 407; doch auch im Attischen (s. oben), vgl. Piers. Moeris p. 184 u. Lob. Phryn. p. 438. 499.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ion. c. πείνα.
English (Autenrieth)
Greek Monolingual
ἡ, Α
ιων. τ. βλ. πείνα (Ι).
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πείνη: ἡ ион. = πεῖνα.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: hunger, famine (ο 407, Pl.).
Other forms: younger πεῖνα (Pl. R. 437d, Arist.)
Compounds: As 2. member in γεω-πείνης hungry for land, poor in land (Hdt.) with retained -η-ς (cf. Schwyzer 451; not with Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 101 from πεινῆν); with transition in the ο-stems ὀξύ-πεινος very hungry (Arist.), πρόσ-πεινος hungry (medic., Act. Ap. 10, 10).
Derivatives: πειν-αλέος hungry (com., Plu., AP; after διψαλέος a.o.), -ώδης id. (Gal.). -- Beside πείνη, -α stands a verb to hunger, to be hungry in πεινάων ptc. (Il.), πεινήμεναι inf. (υ 137), πειν-ῆν, -ῃ̃ς, -ῃ̃ (Ar., Pl.). -ήσω, -ῆσαι, πε-πείνηκα (Hdt., Att.); later πειν-ᾶν, -ᾳ̃, -άσω, -ᾶσαι (LXX); rarely with δια-, ὑπο-, ὑπερ-, ἀνα-. The pair πείνη, -α: πεινῆν is parallel to the close δίψα, -η: διψῆν. Like δίψα to διψῆν could also πείνη be a backformation to πεινῆν; the two sytems may have inflenced each other, which makes a judgement more difficult.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Not certainly explained. Hypothetical comparisons with Lat. paene, pēnūria and with πένομαι in Curtius 271, Prellwitz and Bq; also WP. 2, 8 a. 661, Pok. 988, Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.; cf. also Georgacas Ἀφιέρ. Τριανταφυλλίδη 512 f. The explanation of πεινῆν from πενι̯-ασ-ι̯ω to Lat. āreō (Schulze Kl. Schr. 328f.) is to be rejected. Cf. δίψα w. lit. On the formation also Scheller Oxytonierung 39 A. 3 (w. lit.). - Furnée 339, 378 compares ἠ-παν-ᾳ̃\/εῖ ἀπορεῖ, which is rather doubtful. - πεῖνα may be the older form (De Lamberterie, RPh. LXXIV (2000)280; in that case the short -α may be the Pre-Greek ending.
