supra
Latin > English
supra ADV :: on top; more; above; before, formerly
supra supra PREP ACC :: above, beyond; over; more than; in charge of, in authority over
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
sū̆prā: (orig. form sŭpĕrā, Lucr. 1, 429; 4, 672; 5, 1407; Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106; cf. Prisc. pp. 980 and 1001 P.), adv. and prep. superus.
I Adv., on the upper side, on the top, above.
A Lit., of place: omnia haec, quae supra et subter, unum esse dixerunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 20: partes eae, quae sunt infra quam id, quod devoratur, dilatantur, quae autem supra, contrahuntur, id. N. D. 2, 54, 135: magno numero jumentorum in flumine supra atquo infra constituto, Caes. B. C. 1, 64; and: et mare, quod supra, teneant, quodque alluit infra, Verg. A. 8, 149: oleum supra siet, Cato, R. R. 119; 101: cotem illam et novaculam defossam in comitio supraque impositum puteal accepimus, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33: toto vertice supra est, i. e. is taller, Verg. A. 11, 683: ut letata corpora vidit Victoremque supra hostem, i. e. lying or stretched over them, Ov. M. 3, 56; cf.: stupet inscia supra, Verg. A. 7, 381.—Comp.: alia superius rapiuntur, upward, on high, Sen. Q. N. 5, 8, 3: piscina superius construenda, Pall. 1, 34, 2 (opp. subterius, Isid. 16, 8, 4).—
B Trop.
1 Of time, before, formerly, previously (esp. of any thing previously said or written): quae supra scripta est, Cato, R. R. 157, 2: quod jam supra tibi ostendimus, Lucr. 1, 429: quae supra dixi, Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 208: quae supra scripsi, id. Fam. 6, 10, 2: quem supra deformavi, id. Caecin. 5, 14: uti supra demonstravimus, Caes. B. G. 2, 1: ut supra dixi, Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 9; id. Lael. 4, 15; 14, 48: ut supra scripsi, Plin. Ep. 6, 27, 5: de quo (filio) commemoravi supra, Nep. Dion, 6, 2: supra repetere, farther back, from past times, Sall. C. 5, 9; id. J. 5, 3; Tac. A. 16, 18.—Comp.: quantum valerent inter homines litterae, Dixi superius, before, farther back, Phaedr. 4, 23, 2: ut superius demonstravimus, Auct. B. Hisp. 28, 4; 34, 5.—
2 Of number or measure, beyond, over, more: supra adjecit Aeschrio, offered higher, more, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77: amor tantus ut nihil supra possit, id. Fam. 14, 1, 4: ita accurate, ut nihil posset supra, id. Att. 13, 19, 3: nihil pote supra, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11: voltu Adeo modesto, ut nihil supra, id. And. 1, 1, 93; id. Eun. 3, 1, 37: nihil supra Deos lacesso, Hor. C. 2, 18, 11.—After et or aut (poet. and post-class.): agrum fortasse trecentis Aut etiam supra nummorum milibus emptum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 165: quot illum putas annos secum tulisse? Septuaginta et supra, Petr. 43 fin.: tricena aut supra stipendia numerantes, Tac. A. 1, 35: a triginta annis et supra, Vulg. Num. 4, 23; 4, 30; 4, 35 (cf. II. B. 2. infra).—
b With quam, less freq. quod, above or beyond what, more than: saepe supra feret, quam fieri possit, Cic. Or. 40, 139: corpus patiens inediae, algoris, vigiliae, supra quam cuiquam credibile est, Sall. C. 5, 3; id. J. 24, 5: dominandi supra quam aestimari potest avidissimus, Aur. Vict. Epit. 1 med.: supra quam optari potuit, Amm. 17, 1, 12: supra quod capere possum, Dig. 32, 1, 28.—
II Prep. with acc., above, over.
A Lit., of place: si essent, qui sub terrā semper habitavissent ... nec exissent umquam supra terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95: ille qui supra nos habitat, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 38: supra tribunal et supra praetoris caput, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77: supra eum locum, Caes. B. C. 2, 9: supra se in summo jugo, id. B. G. 1, 24: accubueram horā nonā ... et quidem supra me Atticus, infra Verrius, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: saltu supra venabula fertur, Verg. A. 9, 553: supra segetes Navigat, over the cornfields, Ov. M. 1, 295: attolli supra ceteros mortales, Plin. 34, 6, 12, § 27 (dub.; Jahn, super): supra lignum turba insilit, Phaedr. 1, 2, 20: ecce supra caput homo levis ac sordidus, i. e. burdensome, annoying, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; so, supra caput esse, to be close at hand, Sall. C. 52, 24; cf. Verg. A. 3, 194; Liv. 3, 17, 4; 4, 22, 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; Sen. Ep 108; rarely supra capita, Liv. 42, 42, 6.—
2 In partic., of geographical position, above, beyond: supra Maeotis paludes, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 49 (Epigr. v. 7, p. 163 Vahl.): supra Suessulam, Liv. 23, 32, 2: Syene oppidum, quod est supra Alexandriam quinque millibus stadiorum, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183; supra Britanniam, id. 2, 97, 99, § 217. —
B Trop.
1 Of time, before: paulo supra hanc memoriam, Caes. B. G. 6, 19; supra septingentesimum annum, Liv. praef. § 4.—
2 Of number, degree, or quantity.
(a) With numbers, = plus, amplius (not in Cic. or Cæs.), over, above, beyond, more than: supra quattuor milia hominum orabunt ut, etc., Liv. 43, 3, 2: caesa eo die supra milia viginti, id. 30, 35, 3; 3, 31, 4: supra septem milia hominum domos remisit, id. 21, 23, 6; 23, 17, 2; 23, 37, 11 sq.; 23, 49, 13; Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 17; 3, 6, 1; 3, 7, 11: supra duos menses sapor ejus non permanet integer, Col. 12, 49, 3: tres (cyathos), Hor. C. 3, 19, 15.—
(b) In gen.: quibus solida ungula, nec supra geminos fetus, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 233; cf.: de floribus supra dictus scripsit Theophrastus, besides, id. 21, 3, 9, § 13: hominis fortunam, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41: ratio supra hominem putanda est deoque tribuenda, id. N. D. 2, 13, 34: potentia, quae supra leges se esse velit, id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 17, 6: humanam supra fortunam, Phaedr. 4, 24, 24: supra Coclites Muciosque id facinus esse, Liv. 2, 13, 8: modum, id. 21, 7, 7; Col. 4, 27, 4: vires, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22: humanam fidem Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38: morem, Verg. G. 2, 227; Sall. C. 3, 2: supra belli Latini metum id quoque accesserat, quod, besides, Liv. 2, 18, 3.—Prov.: supra homines, supra ire deos pietate, i. e. to attain the highest degree, Verg. A. 12, 839 Heyne ad loc.—
3 Sometimes to indicate that over which one is placed as superintendent (mostly postclass.): dispositi, quos supra somnum habebat, watchers, Curt. 6, 11, 3: qui supra bibliothecam fuerunt, Vitr. 7, praef. § 5: servus supra rationes positus, Pseudo Quint. Decl. 353: SVPRA INSVLAS, Inscr. Orell. 721 and 2927: SVPRA IVMENTA, ib. 2870: SVPRA VELARIOS, ib. 2967: SVPRA COCOS, ib. 2827; Inscr. Grut. p. 1111, 1.—
III Compounds formed with supra are extremely rare. In late Lat. supradictus, suprafatus, suprafundo, suprajacio, supranatans, suprasedeo, etc., are found, but here supra is properly written separately as an adv.; only suprascando (v. h. v.), on account of its signif., is to be written as one word.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
sŭprā⁷ (superus).
I adv.,
1 à la partie supérieure, en haut, au-dessus : Cic. de Or. 3, 20 ; Nat. 2, 135 ; Div. 1, 33 ; Cæs. C. 1, 64 || [comp.] superius rapi Sen. Nat. 5, 8, 3, être entraîné plus haut, vers les hautes régions
2 plus haut, précédemment, ci-dessus : ut supra dixi Cic. Rep. 2, 9, comme je l’ai dit plus haut, cf. Cic. Læl. 15 ; de Or. 3, 208 ; Fam. 6, 10, 2 ; Cæc. 14 ; Cæs. G. 2, 1, 1 || superius Phædr. 4, 23, 2 ; B. Hisp. 28, 4
3 a) en plus, en sus, plus : supra adjicere Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, surenchérir ; amor tantus ut nihil supra possit Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 4, affection si grande que rien ne la peut dépasser, cf. Cic. Att. 13, 19, 3 ; ager trecentis aut etiam supra nummorum milibus emptus Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 165, champ acheté trois cent mille sesterces ou même davantage, cf. Tac. Ann. 1, 35 ; b) supra... quam Cic. Or. 139, ou supra quam Sall. C. 5, 3, plus que.
II prép. acc.,
1 au-dessus de, sur, par- dessus : exire supra terram Cic. Nat. 2, 95, sortir des entrailles de la terre] et monter à sa surface ; versus supra tribunal scribebantur Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, on écrivait des vers au-dessus du tribunal || accumbere supra aliquem Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1, être couché (placé à table) au-dessus de qqn || ecce supra caput homo levis Cic. Q. 1, 2, 6, me voici sur la tête (sur le dos, sur les bras) un homme insignifiant ; esse supra caput Sall. C. 52, 24, menacer d’un péril imminent, cf. Liv. 3, 17, 2 || [géographt] au-dessus de, au delà de : supra Suessulam Liv. 23, 32, 2, au-dessus de Suessula, cf. Plin. 2, 183
2 [temps] avant : supra hanc memoriam Cæs. G. 6, 19, 4, avant notre époque, cf. Liv. pr. 4
3 plus de : supra quattuor milia hominum orabant, ut Liv. 43, 3, 2, plus de quatre mille hommes demandaient que, cf. Liv. 30, 35, 3 ; 42, 66, 10, etc.
4 au delà de : supra hominis fortunam Cic. Leg. 2, 41, au-dessus de la destinée humaine, cf. Cic. Nat. 2, 34 ; supra leges esse ad Br. 1, 17, 6, se mettre au-dessus des lois ; supra vires Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22, au-dessus des moyens
5 en plus de, outre : Liv. 2, 18, 3
6 supra bibliothecam esse Vitr. Arch. 7, pr. 5, être préposé à une bibliothèque.
Latin > German (Georges)
suprā (altlat. suprād), Adv. u. Praepos. (st. superā [sc. parte] von superus), I) Adv. m. Compar.: 1) v. Raume: a) auf der oberen Seite, oben, oben darauf, oberhalb (Ggstz. infra), oleum supra siet, Cato: omnia haec, quae supra et subter, unum esse, Cic.: et mare quod supra teneant quodque alluit infra, Verg.: magno numero iumentorum in flumine supra atque infra constituto, Caes.: supra, non infra est deus, Lact. – b) darüber heraus, darüber hervor, toto vertice supra est, Verg. – Compar. superius, weiter hinauf, weiter oben, piscina superius construenda, Pallad.: superius rapiuntur, Sen.: Ggstz. subterius, Isid. orig. 16, 8, 4. – c) oben, vorher, bei Verweisungen in Schrift u. Rede, uti supra demonstravimus, Caes.: ut supra dixi, Cic.: ille, quem supra deformavi, Cic.: quae supra dixi, Cic.: supra dictae particulae, Gell.: erunt adiungenda supra dictis etiam mictualia medicamenta, Cael. Aur. – Compar. superius, weiter oben, ut superius demonstravimus, Auct. b. Hisp.: dixi superius, Phaedr.: de qua superius dixerim, Firm. – 2) von der Zeit, von oben an, von früher her, weiter (aus vergangener Zeit), pauca supra repetere, Sall., de alqo, Tac. – 3) v. Maße: a) eig.: darüber, mehr, centesimus tibi vel supra premitur annus, Sen.: ager fortasse trecentis aut etiam supra nummorum milibus emptus, Hor.: supra adicere, mehr bieten, Cic. – b) übtr., darüber hinaus, mehr, dialogos confeci et absolvi nescio quam bene, sed ita accurate, ut nihil possit supra, Cic.: dominandi supra quam aestimari avidissimus potest, Aur. Vict.: nihil supra, Ter.: supra deos lacessere, noch mehr, Hor. – dah. supra quam, mehr als, patiens inediae, algoris, supra quam cuiquam credibile est, Sall.: rem supra feret, quam fieri potest, größer machen, als es möglich ist, Cic.
II) Praepos. m. Acc.: 1) v. Raume: a) mit Verben der Ruhe = über, oben über, oben auf, auf (Ggstz. infra), ille qui supra nos habitat, Plaut.: Nerëides supra delphinos et cete sedentes, Plin.: ubi circa muros supra subterque terram per dies quindecim pugnatum est, Liv.: mit Berücksichtigung der Rangordnung, accumbere supra alqm, (bei Tische) über jmd. liegen, Cic. – insbes. von der geographischen Lage = oberhalb, jenseit, exercitus, qui supra Suessulam Nolae praesideret, Liv.: Syene est supra Alexandriam, Plin. – bildl., supra caput, über dem Kopfe, d.i. auf dem Halse, zur Last, ecce supra caput homo levis, da hab' ich auf dem Halse, Cic.: supra caput esse, Sall. u. Liv. – übtr., zur Bezeichnung des Amtes, das jmd. hat, über, qui supra bibliothecam fuerunt, Vitr. 7. praef. § 5: supra rationes esse positum, Ps. Quint. decl. 353: libertus supra hereditates, Scribon. 162: supra insulas, Corp. inscr. Lat. 14, 2769: supra iumenta, ibid. 6, 7987 u. 9486: supra cocos, ibid. 6, 9261. – b) mit Verben der Bewegung: α) über... hinweg, über... hin, fera saltu supra venabula fertur, Verg.: supra segetes navigare, Ov. – β) oben auf, tignumque supra turba petulans insilit, Phaedr.: nec exissent umquam supra terram, Cic. – γ) über... hinaus, attolli supra ceteros mortales, Plin.: supra alqm ire, einen übertreffen, Verg.: exsurgere supra dolores, Ps. Albinov. – 2) v. der Zeit, über, vor, paulo supra hanc memoriam, Caes.: supra septingentesimum annum, Liv. – 3) vom Maße, a) eig. = über, über... hinaus, supra milia viginti, Liv.: nec supra geminos fetus, Plin. – b) übtr.: α) über, über... hinaus, supra modum, Liv.: supra morem, Verg.: supra vires, Hor.: supra humanam formam, Phaedr.: supra humanam fidem, Plin.: supra omnium opinionem, Scrib.: dominatio et potentia, quae supra leges se esse velit, die mehr gelten will als, Cic.: supra Coclites Musiosque id facinus esse, gehe über die eines K.u.M. hinaus, Liv. – β) über, außer, supra belli Latini metum id quoque accesserat, quod etc., Liv.: de floribus supra dictos scripsit Theophrastus, außer den genannten, Plin.
