πείνη

English (LSJ)

German (Pape)

[Seite 545] ἡ, ion. u. ep. statt πεῖνα, Od. 15, 407; doch auch im Attischen (s. oben), vgl. Piers. Moeris p. 184 u. Lob. Phryn. p. 438. 499.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ion. c. πείνα.

English (Autenrieth)

hunger, famine, Od. 15.407†.

Greek Monolingual

ἡ, Α
ιων. τ. βλ. πείνα (Ι).

Russian (Dvoretsky)

πείνη: ἡ ион. = πεῖνα.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: hunger, famine (ο 407, Pl.).
Other forms: younger πεῖνα (Pl. R. 437d, Arist.)
Compounds: As 2. member in γεω-πείνης hungry for land, poor in land (Hdt.) with retained -η-ς (cf. Schwyzer 451; not with Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 101 from πεινῆν); with transition in the ο-stems ὀξύ-πεινος very hungry (Arist.), πρόσ-πεινος hungry (medic., Act. Ap. 10, 10).
Derivatives: πειν-αλέος hungry (com., Plu., AP; after διψαλέος a.o.), -ώδης id. (Gal.). -- Beside πείνη, -α stands a verb to hunger, to be hungry in πεινάων ptc. (Il.), πεινήμεναι inf. (υ 137), πειν-ῆν, -ῃ̃ς, -ῃ̃ (Ar., Pl.). -ήσω, -ῆσαι, πε-πείνηκα (Hdt., Att.); later πειν-ᾶν, -ᾳ̃, -άσω, -ᾶσαι (LXX); rarely with δια-, ὑπο-, ὑπερ-, ἀνα-. The pair πείνη, -α: πεινῆν is parallel to the close δίψα, -η: διψῆν. Like δίψα to διψῆν could also πείνη be a backformation to πεινῆν; the two sytems may have inflenced each other, which makes a judgement more difficult.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Not certainly explained. Hypothetical comparisons with Lat. paene, pēnūria and with πένομαι in Curtius 271, Prellwitz and Bq; also WP. 2, 8 a. 661, Pok. 988, Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.; cf. also Georgacas Ἀφιέρ. Τριανταφυλλίδη 512 f. The explanation of πεινῆν from πενι̯-ασ-ι̯ω to Lat. āreō (Schulze Kl. Schr. 328f.) is to be rejected. Cf. δίψα w. lit. On the formation also Scheller Oxytonierung 39 A. 3 (w. lit.). - Furnée 339, 378 compares ἠ-παν-ᾳ̃\/εῖ ἀπορεῖ, which is rather doubtful. - πεῖνα may be the older form (De Lamberterie, RPh. LXXIV (2000)280; in that case the short -α may be the Pre-Greek ending.