ἱδρώς: Difference between revisions

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 {{elru
 |elrutext='''ἱδρώς:''' ῶτος ὁ (dat. ἱδρῶτι - эп. [[ἱδρῷ]], acc. ἱδρῶτα - эп. [[ἱδρῶ]])<br /><b class="num">1)</b> тж. pl. пот (ὁ ἱ. καὶ ἡ [[ἴδισις]] καταψύχει τὰ σώματα Arst.): κατὰ ἱ. ἔρρεεν (in tmesi) ἐκ μελέων Hom. пот стекал с членов (Сисифа); ἱ. ἀνῄει χρωτί Soph. пот выступал на коже (Геракла); ἱδρῶτες ξηροί Plat. сухой пот (от физических упражнений); σὺν ἱδρῶτι Arst. в поту;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> заработанное в поте лица, плоды тяжелого труда: οὐ τὸν ἐμὸν ἱδρῶτα [[οὕτως]] [[ἀνοήτως]] ἐκβαλῶ Arph. плодов своего труда я не выброшу столь безрассудно;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> тяжелый труд; подвиг: τῆς ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ [[προπάροιθεν]] ἔθηκαν Hes. впереди добродетели боги поместили труды, т. е. только через тяжелый труд достигается добродетель;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> сок, камедь (σμύρνης Eur.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> выпот, жидкое выделение (τὸ [[δάκρυον]] ἱ. τίς ἐστιν Arst.).
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=-ῶτος<br />Grammatical information: m., (f.)<br />Meaning: [[sweat]], also metaph. of other wetness (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. dat. -ῳ̃, acc. <b class="b3">-ῶ</b> (cf. below)<br />Compounds: Rarely in compp., e. g. <b class="b3">ἱδρωτο-ποιέω</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">δυσ-ίδρως</b> <b class="b2">with bad sweat, difficulty of getting sweat</b> (Thphr.), also with transition in the <b class="b2">o-</b>declination, e. g. <b class="b3">κάθ-ιδρος</b> <b class="b2">covered with sweat</b> (LXX).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">ἱδρώτιον</b> (Hp.); <b class="b3">ἱδρώεις</b> [[sweaty]] (B.), <b class="b3">ἱδρώδης</b> <b class="b2">acconpanied with sweating</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">ἱδρωτικός</b> [[sudorific]] (Hp., Thphr.); <b class="b3">ἱδρῶα</b> (?) pl. <b class="b2">heat-spots, pustules</b> (Hp. Aph. 3, 21; reading uncertain) with <b class="b3">ἱδρω-τάρια</b>, <b class="b3">-τίδες</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (medic.; cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 102); <b class="b3">ἱδρώιον</b> <b class="b2">sweat-towel</b> (pap.); <b class="b3">ἱδροσύναι</b> pl. <b class="b2">efforts that produce sweat</b> (poet. inscr. Phrygia, Rom. empire). Denominative verbs: <b class="b3">ἱδρώω</b> [[sweat]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">ἵδρωσις</b> [[sweating]] (late) and <b class="b3">ἱδρωτήρια</b> pl. [[sudorifics]] (Paul. Aeg.); <b class="b3">ἱδρώττω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Gal.; s. Schwyzer 732).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1043] <b class="b2">*sueid-</b> [[sweat]]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ἱδρώς</b> agrees Arm. [[k]][[irtn]] [[sweat]], which is based on an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem <b class="b2">*su̯id-r-</b>, which is also found in Latv. [[swiêdri]] pl., Alb. <b class="b2">dirsë</b> [[sweat]]. This <b class="b2">r-</b>stem was in Greek combined with an <b class="b2">ōs-</b>stem, which is seen in Lat. [[sūdor]], if from <b class="b2">*su̯oidōs</b>. Like <b class="b3">γέλως</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρως</b> a. o. <b class="b3">ἱδρώς</b> was later tansformed to a <b class="b3">τ-</b>stem (Schwyzer 514). The <b class="b2">s-</b>stem is still seen in ep. acc. <b class="b3">ἱδρῶ</b> (to be read as <b class="b3">-όα</b>? Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 54), perh. also in dat. <b class="b3">ἱδρῳ̃</b>, if for <b class="b3">-οῖ</b> (doubtful; s. Chantraine 1, 211), and in several derivv.: <b class="b3">ἱδρώ-ω</b>, <b class="b3">ἱδρώεις</b> (s. Schwyzer 527; on this form, < <b class="b2">*-os-uent</b>, Ruijgh, Lingua 28 (1971) 173), <b class="b3">ἱδρώιον</b>. - On the absence of the digamma in Hom. cf. on <b class="b3">ἐμέω</b> (other explanations are not better, Chantraine 1, 156). Cf. <b class="b3">ἰδίω</b>.
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