πίμπλημι: Difference between revisions

πίμπλημι (view source)

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 {{elru
 |elrutext='''πίμπλημι:''' (impf. ἐπίμπλην, fut. πλήσω, aor. [[ἔπλησα]] - эп. πλῆσα; pass.: aor. [[ἐπλήσθην]], pf. [[πέπλησμαι]]) тж. med.<br /><b class="num">1)</b> наполнять (πήρην σίτου καὶ [[κρειῶν]] Hom.; τὸ [[πλοῖον]] καλάμης Her.; σπόγγον ὄξους NT): π. μένεός τινα Hom. придать кому-л. силу; πλησάμενοι [[νῆας]] Hom. нагрузив свои корабли; δάκρυσι [[πλησθείς]] Thuc. весь в слезах; [[ὅταν]] δὲ πλησθῇς τῆς νόσου ξυνουσίᾳ Soph. когда ты досыта наглядишься на болезнь (Филоктета); αἱμάτων τινὸς πλησθῆναι Soph. упиться чьей-л. кровью; πλησθῆναι (о самках) Arst. забеременеть;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> med. (о времени) исполняться, оканчиваться (ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τῆς λειτουργίας NT) или наступать (ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ [[τεκεῖν]] αὐτήν NT).
+}}
+{{etym
+|etymtx=-αμαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to fill, to make full</b>, intr. <b class="b2">to fill oneself, to become or be full</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-άνεται</b> 3. sg. (I 679), rare <b class="b3">-άω</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Hp.), also <b class="b3">πλήθω</b> (intr., late also tr.; ep. poet. Il.). Aor. <b class="b3">πλῆ-σαι</b>, <b class="b3">-σασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">-σθῆναι</b>, (Il.), intr. <b class="b3">πλῆ-το</b>, <b class="b3">-ντο</b> (ep.), <b class="b3">ἐν-έπλητο</b> etc. (Att.), fut. <b class="b3">πλή-σω</b>, <b class="b3">-σομαι</b> (Od.), <b class="b3">-σθήσομαι</b> (Att.), perf. midd. <b class="b3">πέπλησμαι</b> (IA.), act. <b class="b3">πέπληκα</b> (Att.), intr. <b class="b3">πέπληθα</b> (poet.).<br />Compounds: Very often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-(συν-ανα-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-ανα-</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">ἐν-</b> (<b class="b3">ἀντ-εν-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ-εν-</b> a.o.). As 1. member in some governing compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πλησίστιος</b> <b class="b2">filling the sail</b> (Od., E.), <b class="b2">with full sails</b> (Ph., Plu.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">πλέως</b> (also w. <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> a.o. to <b class="b3">ἐμ-πίμπλημι</b> etc.), Ion. <b class="b3">πλέος</b>, ep. <b class="b3">πλεῖος</b> = <b class="b3">*πλῆος</b>, ntr. <b class="b3">πλέον</b> [[full]] (Il.). On the comp. <b class="b3">πλείων</b> with sup. <b class="b3">πλεῖστος</b> s. esp. -- 2. <b class="b3">πλή-μη</b> f. <b class="b2">high tide, flood</b> (Plb., Str. a.o.), <b class="b3">-σμη</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hes. Fr. 217), <b class="b3">-μα πλήρωμα</b> H., <b class="b3">-σμα</b> n. [[fertilisation]] (Arist.); <b class="b3">-σμιος</b> <b class="b2">saturating, causing tedium</b> (Epicur., medic.); <b class="b3">-σμονή</b> f. <b class="b2">fullness, congestion, (over)saturation</b> (IA.; Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 207) with <b class="b3">-σμονώδης</b> (Hp., Gal.), <b class="b3">-σμονικός</b> (Pythag. Ep.) <b class="b2">(over)saturating</b>. On [[πλήμνη]] s. v. -- 3. <b class="b3">πλή-ρης</b> [[full]] (IA.); as 1. member e.g. <b class="b3">πληρο-φορέω</b> <b class="b2"> fulfill</b> (Ctes., LXX, NT, pap.); <b class="b3">πληρό-της</b> f. [[fullness]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">πληρ-όω</b>, very often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b2">to make full, to (ful)fill, to finish, to pay fully</b> (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> (<b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a.o.) n. <b class="b2">filling, filling piece, full number, full payment, (full) crew</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> (<b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> u.a.) f. [[accomplishment]], [[complement]], [[satisfaction]] (IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 128), <b class="b3">-ωτής</b> (<b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>) m. [[finisher]], [[executor]], [[collector]] (Att.), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b> (<b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a.o.) [[fulfilling]], [[completing]] (Epicur., medic. a. o.). -- 4. <b class="b3">πλῆ-θος</b> n. <b class="b2">fulness, mass (of people), herd</b> (Il., Dor., Arc.); often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">παμ-πληθής</b> <b class="b2">consisting of a whole mass, very numerous</b> (Att.); <b class="b3">-θα</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Locr., Boeot.); <b class="b3">-θύς</b>, <b class="b3">-θύος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ion. Cret. Locr. hell.; Bechtel Dial. 2, 791f., also Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 110 against Leumann Hom. Wörter 294 f.) with <b class="b3">-θύω</b> <b class="b2">to be full, to become full, increase</b>, <b class="b3">-θύνομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-θύνω</b> <b class="b2">to belong to the mass, to agree with it, to augment oneself; to make full, to augment</b> (A., Arist., LXX, NT); from it <b class="b3">-θυσμός</b> m. [[increase]] (Procl., Simp.), <b class="b3">-θυντικός</b> [[plural]] (Gramm. a.o.); 5. <b class="b3">πληθ-ώρα</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-η</b> f. [[fulness]], rnedic. <b class="b2">plethora, full-blooded</b> (Ion. hell.; on the secondary barytonesis Wackernagel-Debrunner Phil. 95, 181 f.) with <b class="b3">-ωριάω</b> <b class="b2">suffer from p.</b>. <b class="b3">-ωρικός</b> [[plethoric]] (Gal.), <b class="b3">-ωρέω</b> <b class="b2">to be full</b> (Suid.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [799] <b class="b2">*pleh₁-</b> [[fill]]<br />Etymology: The sigmatic aorist 3. sg. <b class="b3">ἔ-πλησ-ε</b> is (except for the <b class="b3">-ε</b>) identical with Skt. <b class="b2">á-prās</b>: IE <b class="b2">*é-pleh₁s-t</b>; with 1. pl. pres. <b class="b3">πίμ-πλα-μεν</b> agrees also, setting aside the secondary nasalisation of the present, Skt. <b class="b2">pi-pr̥-más</b> : IE <b class="b2">*pi-pl̥-mé(s</b>). Also 3. sg. <b class="b3">πίμ-πλη-σι</b> has a non-Gr. agreement, in Av. <b class="b2">ham-pā-frāi-ti</b> <b class="b2">fills up</b> over against Skt. <b class="b2">pí-par-ti</b> from IE <b class="b2">*pi-pel-ti</b>. Both in Greek and in Iran. came in sing. the langvocalic full grade <b class="b2">plē-</b> after other forms (e.g. the aor. <b class="b2">*é-plēs-</b>) for the prob. older Skt. <b class="b2">pí-par-ti</b>. After the pattern of <b class="b3">τίθημι</b> : <b class="b3">τίθεμεν</b> one made sometimes forms like ptc. pl. f. <b class="b3">πιμπλεῖσαι</b> (Hes.: <b class="b3">τιθεῖσαι</b>). With <b class="b3">πέ-πλη-θ-α</b> cf. still Skt. <b class="b2">pa-prā́</b>[[[u]]] (on <b class="b3">θ</b> below). -- The <b class="b2">r-</b>suffix in <b class="b3">πλή-ρης</b> (for older <b class="b3">*πλη-ρο-ς</b>? Schwyzer 513) is both in Arm. <b class="b2">li-r</b> [[fullness]] (from <b class="b2">*plē-r-i-</b>) and in Lat. <b class="b2">plē-rus</b> <b class="b2">for the greater part</b>, <b class="b2">plērī-que</b> [[most]] (s. W.-Hofmann s. v.) attested. Also <b class="b3">πλέως</b> from <b class="b3">*πλῆος</b> (= Hom. <b class="b3">πλεῖος</b>), <b class="b3">*πλη-(ι)ος</b> can be equated with Arm. [[li]] [[full]] (better then [[li]] from <b class="b2">*plē-tos</b> = Lat. <b class="b2">-plētus</b> a.o.). The <b class="b2">m-</b>suffix in <b class="b3">πλή-μη</b>, <b class="b3">-μα</b> seems also in Lat. <b class="b2">plēminābantur replēbantur</b> (Gloss.; from <b class="b2">*plēmen</b> = <b class="b3">πλῆμα</b>) to be represented. -- Like <b class="b3">πλῆ-θος</b> : <b class="b3">πλή-θω</b>, <b class="b3">πέ-πλη-θα</b> also <b class="b3">βρῖ-θος</b> : <b class="b3">βρί-θω</b> : <b class="b3">βέ-βρι-θα</b> (s. v. and Schwyzer 511 a. 703); with <b class="b3">πλῆθος</b>, <b class="b3">-θύς</b> (on which Schwyzer 463f. and Frisk Eranos 43, 221) one compares Lat. [[plēbēs]] from IE <b class="b2">*plēdhu̯ēs</b> (cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.); well-argued doubts in Ernout-Meillet s. v. -- Further details w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 63f., Pok. 799f., W.-Hofmann s. [[pleō]], Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">píparti</b>1; older lit. also in Bq. On the Greek form still Schwyzer 689. -- Cf. [[πολύς]], [[πλείων]], [[πλήμνη]].
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