ὀργή: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">psychical drive, propensity, character, (strong) emotion, passion, wrath</b> (h. Cer. 205, Hes. Op.304; on the meaning Marg Charakter 13 f., cf. Diller Gnomon 15, 597).<br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">ἄν-</b>, <b class="b3">δύσ-</b>, <b class="b3">εὔ-οργος</b> (Cratin., S.), analog. enlarged in <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">δυσ-</b>, <b class="b3">εὑ-όργ-ητος</b> (Hp., Gorg., Th.; cf. <b class="b3">ἄνο-ος</b> : <b class="b3">ἀνό-ητος</b> a.o.) with <b class="b3">-ησία</b> f. (Hp., E.), with transference to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems e.g. <b class="b3">περι-οργής</b> (Th.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ὀργ-ίλος</b> [[irascible]] (Hp., X., D., Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ιλότης</b> f. (Arist., Plu.). -- Besides, prob. as denomin., <b class="b3">ὀργάω</b>, rarely w. <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b> a.o., mostly pres. <b class="b2">to bristle, swell with nourishing liquids and juice</b> (of the earth and of fruits), <b class="b2">to bristle with, to be full of lust and desire</b> (of men), <b class="b2">to desire strongly</b> (IA.) with derivv.: 1.<b class="b3">νέ-οργος</b> [[freshened]] (<b class="b3">γῆ</b>, Thphr.; backformation); 2. <b class="b3">ἐξόργησις</b> f. <b class="b2">stong desire</b> (Herm. in Phdr.); 3. <b class="b3">ὀργητύς ὀργή</b> H.; 4. <b class="b3">ὀργασμός</b> f. [[orgasm]] (sch. Hp.), after <b class="b3">σπασμός</b> a.o. -- Further from <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> in the sense of [[wrath]] : 1. <b class="b3">ὀργίζομαι</b> <b class="b2">to be angry</b>, also <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">to make angry</b>, not seldom w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, (Att.) with <b class="b3">παροργ-ισμός</b> m., <b class="b3">-ισμα</b> n. [[provocation]], [[wrath]] (LXX, Ep. Eph.); 2. <b class="b3">ὀργαίνω</b> <b class="b2">to make, to be wrathful</b> (S., E.). -- From <b class="b3">ὀργάω</b> (if not from <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> or an older root-noun, s.bel.) also <b class="b3">ὀργάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">luxuriously fertile (earth, marsh)</b> (Att.); on the formation Schwyzer 508, Chantraine Form. 351 a. 356.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1169] <b class="b2">*u̯e\/or(H)ǵ-</b> <b class="b2">swell of juice, strength, anger</b><br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> agrees formally exactly Skt. <b class="b2">ūrjā́</b> f. [[nourishment]], [[strength]] (on the phonetics Schwyzer 363), which however was enlarged from older <b class="b2">ū́rj-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Wack.-Debrunner II: 2, 260f.); the formal identity of <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> and <b class="b2">ūrjā́</b> is therefore secondary. Semantically <b class="b2">ūrj(ā́</b>) fits much better to <b class="b3">ὀργάω</b>, which preserved the original concrete meaning. The same transference to the psychological area as <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> shows OIr. [[ferc]] f. [[rage]] (IE <b class="b2">*e</b>). WP. 1, 289 w. lit., Pok. 1169, Mayrhofer 1,116, Dehò Ist. Lomb. 91, 372f.; older lit. also in Bq. The Skt. form seems to require <b class="b2">*u̯rHg-</b>, but this has not been definitely solved. -- After Specht KZ 59, 80 "first to <b class="b3">ἔρδω</b>"; for semantic influence of <b class="b3">ἔργον</b> on <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> (S. Ant. 355) and <b class="b3">ὀργάς</b> etc. Tovar Emer. 10, 228ff.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: difficult word in Herond. IV 46; perh. adj. opposed to <b class="b3">βέβηλος</b>. Cf. V. Schmidt, Sprach. Unters. zu Herondas 109-114, who thinks that the subst. supposed is <b class="b3">γυνή</b> rather than <b class="b3">γῆ</b>; it could mean [[initiated]] and belong to <b class="b3">ὄργια</b>.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Uncertain.

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