ἐλαύνω: Difference between revisions

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 {{etym
 |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">drive, push, beat out (metal)</b>, intr. [[drive]], [[ride]] (on the meaning in the Epos cf. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 95f., 115f.);<br />Other forms: also <b class="b3">ἐλάω</b> in inf. <b class="b3">ἐλάαν</b>, ptc. <b class="b3">ἐλάων</b>, impf. <b class="b3">ἔλων</b> (Hom.), ipv. <b class="b3">ἔλα</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">ἐλάτω</b>, <b class="b3">-άντω</b>, <b class="b3">-άσθω</b> (Dor. inscr.) etc. (further Schwyzer 681f.), aor. <b class="b3">ἐλάσ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ἐλάω</b>, perf. med. <b class="b3">ἐλήλαμαι</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">-ασμαι</b> (Hp. usw.), act. <b class="b3">ἐλήλακα</b> (Hdt.), aor. pass. <b class="b3">ἐλα(σ)θῆναι</b> (Hdt.)<br />Compounds: often with prefix: <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b> etc.<br />Derivatives: Nomina actionis: <b class="b3">ἔλασις</b> <b class="b2">march (of an army), ride, expulsion etc.</b> (Ion.-Att.), often of the prefixed verbs: <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-έλασις</b> etc. (see Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b>, s. index); rare <b class="b3">ἐλασία</b> [[ride]], [[march]] (X.) with <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-ελασία</b> (hell.), after <b class="b3">βο-ηλασία</b> etc. (from <b class="b3">βο-ηλατέω</b>, <b class="b3">-άτης</b>), cf. Schwyzer 468f., Chantr. Form. 83f.; <b class="b3">ἔλασμα</b> <b class="b2">chased metal, tin, probe</b> (Ph. Bel., Gal.) with <b class="b3">ἐλασμάτιον</b> (Delos IIa, Dsc.); <b class="b3">ἐλασμός</b> = <b class="b3">ἔλασμα</b>, <b class="b3">ἔλασις</b> (Aristeas); <b class="b3">ἔλατρον</b> <b class="b2">flat cake</b> (Miletos Va), vgl. <b class="b3">ἐλατήρ</b>. Nom. agentis: <b class="b3">ἐλατήρ</b> [[driver]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">ἐλατήριος</b> <b class="b2">driving off</b> (A. Ch. 968 [lyr.]), normally <b class="b2">carrying away, purging</b>, n. [[purgative]] (Hp.; s. Andre Les ét. class. 24, 41); <b class="b3">ἐλατήρ</b> <b class="b2">flat cake</b> (Com.); <b class="b3">ἐλάτης</b> [[driver]] (E. Fr. 773, 28 [lyr.]) from <b class="b3">βοηλάτης</b> (with <b class="b3">βοηλατέω</b>, <b class="b3">-σία</b>, s. above), <b class="b3">ἱππηλάτης</b>, Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 31f.; <b class="b3">ἐλάστωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (App. Anth. 3, 175); <b class="b3">ἐλαστής</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (EM); <b class="b3">ἐλατρεύς ὁ τρίτην πύρωσιν ἔχων τοῦ σιδήρου παρὰ τοῖς μεταλλεῦσιν</b> H.; see Boßhardt Die Nomina auf <b class="b3">-ευς</b> 82f.; also as PN (θ 111); s. Boßhardt 120. Verbal adj.: <b class="b3">ἐλατός</b> [[malleable]], [[beaten]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-ήλατος</b> [[beaten]] (Μ 295; several compounds like <b class="b3">ἱππ-ήλατος</b>, <b class="b3">θε-ήλατος</b> (Ion.-Att.); <b class="b3">ἐλαστός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (pap.). - Desiderat. <b class="b3">ἐλασείω</b> (Luc.), iterative preterite <b class="b3">ἐλάσασκεν</b> (Β 199). - On [[ἐλασᾶς]] and [[Ελάστερος]] s. vv.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [36] <b class="b2">*h₁elh₂-</b> [[drive]], [[move]]<br />Etymology: Basis is <b class="b3">ἐλα-</b> < <b class="b2">*h₁elh₂-</b>; <b class="b3">ἐλαύνω</b> from a verbal noun <b class="b3">*ἐλα-Ϝαρ</b>, <b class="b3">ἐλα-υν-</b> (to <b class="b3">ἐλά-ω</b> like <b class="b3">*ἀλε-Ϝαρ</b>, <b class="b3">ἀλέ-(Ϝ)ατα</b> to <b class="b3">ἀλέω</b>, s. v.). A sec. formation is <b class="b3">ἐλαστρέω</b> (s.<b class="b3">Ἐλάστερος</b> s. v). - No certain cognate. (Arm. [[eɫanim]] [[become]] is improbable. Arm. [[elanem]] <b class="b2">go out, up</b> belongs to the verbs in <b class="b2">-anem</b> = gr. <b class="b3">-άνω</b>). For the Celtic <b class="b2">nā-</b>present OIr. <b class="b2">ad-ellaim</b> <b class="b2">go to, visit</b> could belong to <b class="b3">πίλναμαι</b>. Other Celtic forms have (<b class="b2">p)el-</b>.
+}}
+{{mdlsj
+|mdlsjtxt=[[ἐλάω]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Radic. [[sense]] : to [[drive]], [[drive]] on, set in [[motion]], of [[driving]] flocks, Hom.; so aor. mid. ἠλασάμην Il.: often of chariots, to [[drive]], Il., Hdt.; also, ἐλ. ἵππον to [[ride]] it, Hdt.; ἐλ. νῆα to row it, Od.:—in [[this]] [[sense]] the acc. was omitted, and the Verb became intr., to go in a [[chariot]], to [[drive]], μάστιξεν δ' [[ἐλάαν]] (sc. ἵππους) he whipped them on, Il.; βῆ δ' [[ἐλάαν]] ἐπὶ κύματα he [[drove]] on [[over]] the waves, Il.; διὰ νύκτα [[ἐλάαν]] to [[travel]] the [[night]] [[through]], Od.; — to [[ride]], Hdt., etc.; to [[march]], Hdt.; to row, Od.<br />b. in [[this]] intr. [[sense]], it [[sometimes]] took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to [[sail]] the [[calm]] sea, i. e. [[over]] it, Hdt.; ἐλαύνειν δρόμον to run a [[course]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[drive]] [[away]], like [[ἀπελαύνω]], of [[stolen]] [[cattle]], Hom., Xen.: —so in Mid., Hom.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to [[drive]] [[away]], [[expel]], Il., Trag.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> to [[drive]] to extremities, ἄδην [[ἐλόωσι]] πολέμοιο [[will]] [[harass]] him [[till]] he has had [[enough]] of war, Il.; ἄδην [[ἐλάαν]] κακότητος shall [[persecute]] him [[till]] he has had [[enough]], Od.:—then in [[attic]] to [[persecute]], [[attack]], [[harass]], Soph., etc.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν, they [[drove]] it so far ([[where]] [[πρᾶγμα]] must be supplied), Hdt.:—[[hence]], to [[push]] on, go on, Eur., Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[strike]], ἐλάτηισιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, cf. Lat. remis impellere, Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[strike]] with a [[weapon]], but [[never]] with a [[missile]], Il.:— c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν ἔλασ' ὦμον him he struck on the [[shoulder]], Il.; χθόνα ἤλασε μετώπωι struck [[earth]] with his [[forehead]], Od.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to [[drive]] or [[thrust]] [[through]], [[δόρυ]] διὰ [[στήθεσφιν]] ἔλασσε Il.; and in Pass. to go [[through]], Il.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> in metaph. senses:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[beat]] with a [[hammer]], Lat. ducere, to [[beat]] out [[metal]], Il.; περὶ δ' [[ἕρκος]] ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου [[around]] he made a [[fence]] of [[beaten]] tin, Il.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[draw]] a [[line]] of [[wall]] or a [[trench]], Lat. ducere murum, Hom., etc.; [[τεῖχος]] ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐλήλαται the [[wall]] has its angles carried [[down]] to the [[river]], Hdt.; ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν to [[work]] one's way [[down]] a [[ridge]] or [[swathe]] in [[reaping]] or mowing, Il.; ὄρχον ἀμπελίδος ἐλ. to [[draw]] a [[line]] of vines, i. e. [[plant]] them in [[line]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> κολωιὸν ἐλαύνειν to [[prolong]] the [[brawl]], Il.
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