φθορά: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. φθορή, ἡ, (φθείρω) <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">destruction, ruin</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.161</span>, <span class="bibl">7.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>406</span> (lyr.), etc.; of persons, <b class="b2">death</b>, esp. by some general visitation, as pestilence, <span class="bibl">Th.2.47</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>677a</span> (pl.), <span class="title">GDI</span> 5104c11 (Crete, pl.); ἀνδροθνῆτας Ἰλίου φθοράς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>814</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of animals, <b class="b2">loss by death</b>, PStrassb.24.26,31 (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> Philos., <b class="b2">passing out of existence, ceasing to be</b>, γενομένῳ παντὶ φ. ἐστι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 546a</span>; περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>95e</span>, title of work by Arist., cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>55a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>229b13</span>, Gal.6.6; <b class="b3">ἡ φ. μεταβολή τίς ἐστι</b> τῶν φθειρομένων εἰς τοὐναντίον ἑκάστῳ Plu.2.948f: pl., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>96b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>490e</span>, al.: with dat. (instrumental), ἡ μεγίστηφθορὰ ὕδασιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>23c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">deterioration</b>, <b class="b3">εἰς καρπογονίαν</b> in respect of . . <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span> 5.8.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">loss by deterioration</b>, ἐκφορίου . . ἀνυπολόγου πάο ης φθορᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>105.3</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span> (ii B. C.); <b class="b2">damage</b>, ἐκτεῖσαι τὴν γεγονυῖαν ὑπ' αὐτῶν τοῦ χόρτου . . φ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1824.29</span> (i B. C.); misspelt <b class="b3">φθαρά</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1866.3</span> (i B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">seduction</b>, <b class="b3">ἐλευθέρων</b> Lexap. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.12</span>; <b class="b3">παρθένων, γυναικῶν</b>, Plu.2.712c (pl.), <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.2.37</span> (pl.), cf. <span class="bibl">Parth.35.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.2.25</span>; <b class="b2">rape</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.6.1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">abortion</b> or <b class="b2">miscarriage</b>, IG22.1365.22, 1366.7, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.56</span>, Gal.17(1).800; τοῦ ἐμβρύου <span class="bibl">Sor.1.59</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">gradation of colours</b> in painting, Plu.2.346a; <b class="b3">τὰς μίξεις τῶν χρωμάτων οἱ ζωγράφοι φθορὰς ὀνομάζουσι</b> ib.725c, cf. 393c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> = [[φθόη]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>7.80</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b2">storm-tossings</b> or <b class="b2">shipwrecks</b>, τί τοι λέγοιμ' ἂν τὰς ἐν Αἰγαίῳ φθοράς; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>766</span>; cf. φθείρω <span class="bibl">11.4</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1272.png Seite 1272]] ἡ, ion. φθορή, <b class="b2">Verderben</b>, Vernichtung, Zerstörung, Her. 2, 161; Verlust, ἀνθρώπων Thuc. 7, 27; <b class="b2">Untergang</b>, Her. 7, 18; ἄγουσά τ' ἀντίφερνον Ἰλίῳ φθοράν Aesch. Ag. 394; u. im plur. 788; σκοποῦσι τὴν [[πάλαι]] γένους φθοράν Soph. O. C. 370; ἐπεὶ γενομένῳ παντὶ [[φθορά]] ἐστιν Plat. Rep. VIII, 546 a; νόσων ἢ πολέμων [[φθορά]] Legg. V, 741 e; Ggstz von [[γένεσις]] Phaed. 95 e u. oft, wie Folgde; Arist. hat περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς geschrieben. – Schändung eines Mädchens, Verführung der Unschuld, τῷ τῆς ἐλευθέρων φθορᾶς νόμῳ Aesch. 1, 12, wo das Gesetz steht; Plut. Marc. 1. – Bei Malern das Verreiben der Farben in einander; Plut. sagt de glor. Ath. 2, Apollodor habe erfunden φθορὰν καὶ ἀπόχρωσιν σκιᾶς.