εὑρίσκω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impf. <b class="b3">ηὕρισκον</b> or <b class="b3">εὕρ</b>- <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>68</span>, etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> εὑρήσω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span> 302</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>, etc.: aor. 2 εὗρον <span class="bibl">Il.1.498</span>, etc., later <b class="b3">ηὗρον</b> or εὗρον <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Med.</span>553</span>, etc.; 3pl. εὕροσαν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">De.</span>31.17</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1201.16</span> (i A.D.); imper. <b class="b3">εὑρέ</b> Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.23</span>; Ep. inf. εὑρέμεναι <span class="bibl">Od.12.393</span>: later aor. 1 εὕρησα <span class="bibl">Man.5.137</span>; <b class="b3">εὗρα</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>8.35</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>5.10</span>, (<b class="b3">ἐν</b>-) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGen.</span>3.19</span> (ii A.D.): pf. εὕρηκα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>546</span>, etc., pf. imper. 2sg. εὕρηκε <span class="bibl">Nausicr.1</span> D.:—Med., fut. εὑρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.9</span>, etc.: aor. 2 εὑρόμην Hom., Att. <b class="b3">ηὑρ</b>- or <b class="b3">εὑρ</b>- <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>269</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.58</span>, etc.: aor.1 εὑράμην <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>116.3</span> (testes omnes), <span class="bibl">Str.12.34.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>35.255</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.29 (Antiphil.), Epigr. ap. <span class="bibl">Paus.6.20.14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Hebr.</span>9.12</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>3.900 (ii A.D.):—Pass., fut. εὑρεθήσομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>108</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1105</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.41</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ηὑρέθην</b> or εὑρέθην <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1135</span>, etc.: pf. <b class="b3">ηὕρημαι</b> or <b class="b3">εὕρ</b>- <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>743</span> (troch), etc.—Hom. has only aor. Act.and Med., exc. <b class="b3">ἔθ' εὑρίσκω</b> (v.l. [[ἐφευρίσκω]]) <span class="bibl">Od.19.158</span>. (Earlier Att. Inscrr. have <b class="b3">ηὑρέθην, ηὕρημαι</b>, as <span class="title">IG</span>22.1636.32, al., <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>35 (iv B.C.): εὑρέθην <span class="title">SIG</span>679.80 (Magn. Mae., ii B.C.): the augm. is seldom found in Papyri, ηὕρισκεν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span> 3p.101</span> (iii B. C.); never in those of Men. or Phld.):—[[find]], εὗρεν δ' εὐρύοπα Κρονίδην ἄτερ ἥμενον ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Il.1.498</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">εὕρημα εὑ</b>., v. [[εὕρημα]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. part., <b class="b2">find that</b>... εὕρισκε Λακεδαιμονίους… προέχοντας <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.5</span>:—and in Pass., ἤν εὑρεθῇς μὴ δίκαιος ὤν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>411</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>839</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>946</span>: with part. omitted, <b class="b3">ὅταν τοὺς θεοὺς εὕρω κακούς</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὄντας</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>452</span>; <b class="b3">εὑρήσει τοσαῦτα ἔτη</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὄντα</b>) <span class="bibl">Th.5.26</span>; <b class="b3">θῆλυς εὕρημαι</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὤν</b>) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1075</span>; ἄνους ηὑρέθη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>763</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">εὕρισκε πρῆγμά οἱ εἶναι</b>… [[found]] that the thing for him was... <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.79</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">εὑρίσκεται</b> (sed leg. <b class="b3">εὕρισκέ τε</b>) <b class="b3"> ταῦτα καιριώτατα εἶναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">125</span>:—Act., also, <b class="b2">find means, be able</b>, οὐχ εὑρίσκει χρήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.12.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">εὑ. ὅπως</b>… <b class="b2">to find</b> by what means... <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>:—Med., c.inf., <b class="b2">find out</b> or <b class="b2">discover how to</b>... ηὕρετο… παύειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>196</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Pass., <b class="b3">εὑρέθη ὅτι</b>… <b class="b2">it was found that</b>... <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Es.</span>2.22(26)</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[befall]], of evils, τινα ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ge.</span>44.34</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">De.</span>31.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[find out]], [[discover]], οὐδέ τι μῆχος εὑρέμεναι δυνάμεσθα <span class="bibl">Od. 12.393</span>; οὐδέ τι τέκμωρ εὑρέμεναι δύνασαι <span class="bibl">4.374</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.7.31</span>; εὑ. ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.29</span>; ἐξ ἀμηχάνων πόρον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>59</span>; μηχανὴν σωτηρίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 209</span>; πημάτων ἄρηξιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>875</span>; τινα ἐμοῦ βελτίονα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>104</span>, etc.: abs., εὕρηκα Archim. ap. Plu.2.1094c:—Med., εὕρετο τέκμωρ <span class="bibl">Il.16.472</span>; <b class="b3">ὄνομ' εὕρεο</b> <b class="b2">think of</b> a name to give him, <span class="bibl">Od.19.403</span>; εἴ τιν' ἑταίροισιν θανάτου λύσιν… εὑροίμην <span class="bibl">9.422</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">get a chance of, be able</b>, ἵνα εὕρωμεν ἐπιστολὴν γράψαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>822.28</span> (ii/iii A.D.), cf. <span class="bibl">17</span>,<span class="bibl">20</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>1.64.3</span> (vi A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[devise]], [[invent]], ὀχήματα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 468</span>, etc.; πρόφασιν <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.65</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">τὰ δ' ἔργα τοὺς λόγους εὑρίσκεται</b> deeds <b class="b2">make themselves</b> words, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>625</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[get]], [[gain]], <b class="b3">ἀρετάν, δόξαν</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.89</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>2.64</span>; τὰ χρήματ' ἀνθρώποισιν εὑρίσκει φίλους <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>88</span>; ἐξ ὀλβίων ἄζηλον εὑροῦσαι βίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>284</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 1107</span> (anap.); δεινὰ δ' εὑροῦσαν πρὸς αὐθαίμων πάθη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1078</span> (lyr.); ἀφ' ὧν ὄνασιν εὕρωσι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1061</span>; <b class="b3">μέγ' εὑρεῖν κέρδος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1305</span>; εὑ. σωτηρίαν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>321c</span>; <b class="b3">εὑ. μητρὶ φόνον</b> <b class="b2">bring about</b> murder, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>650</span>: abs., <b class="b2">acquire wealth</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>25.47</span>:—Med., [[find]] or <b class="b2">get for oneself, bring on oneself</b>, οἷ… αὐτῷ πρώτῳ κακὸν εὕρετο <span class="bibl">Od.21.304</span> (so in Act., μή πού τις ἐπίσπαστον κακὸν εὕρῃ <span class="bibl">24.462</span>); αὐτὸς ηὑρόμην πόνους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>269</span>; μοῖραν ηὕρετ' ἀσφαλῆ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1588</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>880</span> (lyr.): so in pf. Pass., μέγα πένθος ηὕρηται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>615</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">εὑρήσεται τιμωρίην</b> <b class="b2">will get for himself, obtain</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.148</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">9.26</span>; ἀλεωρήν <span class="bibl">Id.9.6</span>; κλέος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.111</span>; ἄδειαν εὑρόμενος <span class="bibl">And.1.15</span>; ἀτέλειαν <span class="bibl">D.20.1</span>; εὑρίσκεσθαι ὠφελίαν ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">Th.1.31</span>; τι παρά τινος <span class="title">IG</span>12.108.47, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.9</span>; <b class="b3">εὑ. παρά τινος</b> c. inf., [[procure]] from him that... <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.28</span>; δεηθέντες οὐκ ἐδύναντο εὑρέσθαι <span class="bibl">Lys.14.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> esp. of merchandise, etc., [[fetch]], [[earn]] money, <b class="b3">εὑροῦσα πολλὸν χρυσίον</b> <b class="b2">having fetched</b> a large sum, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.196</span>; ηὗρε πλέον ἢ ἐνενήκοντα τάλαντα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.4.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Vect.</span>4.40</span>; <b class="b3">οἰκία εὑρίσκουσα δισχιλίας</b> (sc. <b class="b3">δραχμάς</b>) <span class="bibl">Is.8.35</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγδίδομεν… τοὺς θριγκοὺς… ὅτι ἂν εὕρωσιν</b> for what they <b class="b2">will fetch</b>, IG7.3073.7 (Lebad.); <b class="b3">ἐρωτᾶν τί εὑρίσκει</b> what it <b class="b2">will fetch</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>15.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the sum or bid which [[secures]] an article or contract, <b class="b3">οἰκέτην… ἀποδίδοται τοῦ εὑρόντος</b> sells <b class="b2">for what he will fetch</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.5.5</span>; τοῦ ἤδη εὑρίσκοντος ἀπεδίδοτο <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.96</span>, cf. <span class="title">SIG</span>966.37 (Attica, iv B.C.), 581.99 (Rhodes-Hierapytna, ii B.C.); <b class="b3">ἐκτιθέτωσαν τὸ εὑρίσκον ἐφ' ἡμέρας δέκα</b> the [[highest]] or [[winning]] bid, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRev.Laws</span>48.16</span> (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>112vi9</span> (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">προσέβαλον αὐτῷ τοῦ εὑρίσκοντος ἀνὰ</b> [[[x]]] <b class="b3">ἱερεῖα</b> [[[x]]] I have placed at his disposal [[[x]]] pigs at the <b class="b2">current price</b> of [[[x]]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>161.5</span> (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>114(1).24</span> (ii B.C.).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[find]] (τ 158)<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">εὑρεῖν</b>, ind. <b class="b3">εὗρον</b> (Il.; later also <b class="b3">ηὗρον</b>), fut. <b class="b3">εὑρήσω</b> (h. Merc. 302, Ion.-Att.), perf. <b class="b3">εὕρηκα</b>, <b class="b3">-ημαι</b> (<b class="b3">ηὕρ-</b>), aor. pass. <b class="b3">εὑρεθῆναι</b> with fut. <b class="b3">εὑρεθήσομαι</b> (Ion.-Att.)<br />Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>. As 1. member <b class="b3">εὑρησι-</b> (later <b class="b3">εὑρεσι-</b>) in <b class="b3">εὑρησι-επής</b> <b class="b2">who finds ἔπη, epic poet</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">εὑρησι-λογέω</b> <b class="b2">find grounds, find excuses</b> and <b class="b3">-λογία</b> <b class="b2">abitlity, to find grounds, eristics, making empty words</b> (hell.; after the compp. in <b class="b3">-λογέω</b>, <b class="b3">-λογία</b>, cf. Schwyzer 726; on the meaning Zucker Philol. 82, 256ff.); with <b class="b3">εὑρησί-λογος</b> (Corn. a. o.).<br />Derivatives: derivv., also from the prefixcompp. (not noted): <b class="b3">εὕρημα</b>, later <b class="b3">εὕρεμα</b> (Schwyzer 523) [[find]] (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">εὕρεσις</b> [[discovery]] (Ion.-Att.; <b class="b3">εὕρησις</b> Apollod.; vgl. Fraenkel 1, 187 n. 1); <b class="b3">εὕρετρα</b> pl. <b class="b2">finder-reward</b> (Ulp.); <b class="b3">εὑρετής</b> [[discoverer]] (Att.) with f. <b class="b3">εὑρετίς</b>, <b class="b3">-έτις</b> (S. Fr. 101 [uncertain], D. S.); also <b class="b3">εὑρέτρια</b> (D. S., pap.; Chantraine Formation 104ff., Schwyzer 475 ); <b class="b3">Εὑρέσιος</b> surname of <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> = Iupiter Inventor (D. H.; after <b class="b3">Ίκέσιος</b> a. o.); <b class="b3">εὑρετικός</b> <b class="b2">of a dicoverer</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">εὑρετός</b> <b class="b2">to find</b> (Hp., S.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The original confective meaning of <b class="b3">εὑρίσκειν</b> makes it probable, that the aorist will be archaic. Beside it was prob. an old perfect, seen in <b class="b3">εὕρη-κα</b>. After it came <b class="b3">εὑρήσω</b>; the latest member (beside <b class="b3">εὑρεθῆναι</b>) was the present <b class="b3">εὑρίσκειν</b> (quantity of the <b class="b3">ι</b> unknown), which was therefore an innovation. - The aorist <b class="b3">εὑρεῖν</b> can be a thematic root formation for <b class="b3">*ἐ-Ϝρεῖν</b>, with <b class="b3">ἐ-</b> as prothetic (which would mean <b class="b2">*h₁w(e)r-</b> ?) or from the ind. <b class="b3">*ἔ-Ϝρ-ον</b> (for <b class="b3">*ἠ-Ϝρ-ον</b>?); the aspiration secondary after <b class="b3">ἑλεῖν</b> a. o.? Or was it a reduplicated aorist <b class="b3">*Ϝε-Ϝρεῖν</b> with dissimilatory loss of the anlauting <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b> and secondary aspiration. - A reduplicated formation is found also in OIr. preterite <b class="b2">-fúar</b> <b class="b2">I found</b> < IE <b class="b2">*u̯e-u̯r-</b> (pres. <b class="b2">fo-gabim</b>); the pass. <b class="b2">-frīth</b> <b class="b2">inventum est</b>, which as IE <b class="b2">*u̯rē-to-</b> agrees with <b class="b3">*Ϝρη-</b> in <b class="b3">-Ϝέ-Ϝρη-κα</b> (> <b class="b3">εὕρηκα</b>). Also in OCS <b class="b2">ob-rětъ</b> <b class="b2">I found</b> IE <b class="b2">*u̯rē-t-</b> has been supposed. - A full grade <b class="b2">u̯er-</b> is seen in Arm. [[gerem]] (sec. aorist <b class="b2">gerec̣i</b>) <b class="b2">take prisoner</b>. - Lit. in Schwyzer 709 n. 2. - See now Taillardat, RPh. 34 (1960) 232-235: from <b class="b2">*su̯er-</b>, with <b class="b2">*sesure</b> > <b class="b3">εὗρε</b> (?).