λανθάνω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">keep somebody unaware, escape notice, be unknown, unnoted; make somebody forget something</b>, midd. <b class="b2">forget, </b> (details on the use of the forms in Schwyzer 699 a. 748).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">λήθω</b> (<b class="b3">ληθάνω η</b> 221), aor. <b class="b3">λαθεῖν</b>, <b class="b3">λελαθεῖν</b>, <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἐπι-λῆσαι υ</b> 85), fut. <b class="b3">λήσω</b> (Il.), perf. <b class="b3">λέληθα</b> (IA.), midd. <b class="b3">λέλασμαι</b> (Hom.), <b class="b3">λέλησμαι</b> (Att.), late aor. <b class="b3">λήσασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">λησθῆναι</b>, Dor. Aeol. <b class="b3">λάθω</b>, <b class="b3">λάσω</b>, <b class="b3">λᾶσαι</b>, <b class="b3">λέλαθα</b>.<br />Compounds: also with prefix. esp. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>.<br />Derivatives: A. from <b class="b3">λαθεῖν</b>. <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b>: 1. <b class="b3">λάθρη</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> adv. [[secretly]] (Il.; <b class="b3">λάθρα</b> h. Cer. 240) with <b class="b3">λαθραῖος</b> [[secret]] (IA.). <b class="b3">λάθριος</b> (S. Ichn. 66 [lyr.], hell.), <b class="b3">-ίδιος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιμαῖος</b> (late) <b class="b2">id.</b>; adv. <b class="b3">λαθρά-δαν</b> (Corinn.; like <b class="b3">κρυφά-δαν</b>), <b class="b3">λαθρη-δόν</b>, <b class="b3">-δά</b>, <b class="b3">-δίς</b> (late); as 1. member <b class="b3">λαθρο-</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">λαθρό-νυμφος</b> [[secretly married]] (Lyc.), for the older variant <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>, e. g. <b class="b3">λαθι-κηδής</b> (X 83), prop. "at which the sorrows remain hidden" but also with the verb directly associated: <b class="b2">making sorrows forgotten</b> (s. Schwyzer 447, Bechtel Lex. s. v.); cf. <b class="b3">λαθι-</b> s. C. - 2. <b class="b3">λαθητικός</b> <b class="b2">who avoids notice</b> (Arist.; <b class="b3">λάθησις</b> sch. Gen. A 36) ; 3. <b class="b3">λάθος</b> n. [[forgetfulness]] (NGr. for <b class="b3">*λῆθος</b>, <b class="b3">λᾶθος</b> s. B.). - B. From <b class="b3">λήθειν</b>: 1. <b class="b3">λήθη</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">λάθα</b> [[forgetfulness]] (Β 33; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 233) with <b class="b3">ληθαῖος</b> [[making forgotten]], [[forgetful]] (Call., Lyc.), also <b class="b3">ληθήμων</b>, <b class="b3">ληθώδης</b>, <b class="b3">λήθιος</b> (H.). 2. <b class="b3">λᾶθος</b> n. = <b class="b3">λήθη</b> (Theoc.); <b class="b3">λαθοσύνα</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. IT 1279, uncertain, cf. Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 42). 3. <b class="b3">ληθεδών</b>, <b class="b3">-όνος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP, APl.) with <b class="b3">ληθεδανός</b> = <b class="b3">ληθαῖος</b> (Luc.); Chantraine Form. 361 f. 4. <b class="b3">ἔκ-λη-σις</b> (ω 485), <b class="b3">ἐπί-λα-σις</b> (Pi. P. 1, 46) [[forgetting]], from <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-λήθειν</b>; besides from the simplex the typologically older <b class="b3">λῆσ-τις</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (S., E.); Schwyzer 504, Chantraine 276, Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 36 f., Porzig Satzinhalte 196. -- 5. <b class="b3">λήσ-μων</b> [[forgeting]], [[forgetful]] (Them.) with <b class="b3">λησμοσύνη</b> (Hes. Th. 55; after <b class="b3">μνημοσύνη</b>; also S. Ant. 151); <b class="b3">ἐπιλήσ-μων</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Att.) with <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-ή</b>, <b class="b3">-μοσύνη</b> (Crat., LXX), <b class="b3">ἐπιλησμον-έω</b>, <b class="b3">λησμον-έω</b> (M.- a. NGr.); details in Georgacas Glotta 36, 167f. (not always correct). - C. As 1.member in verbal governing compp.: 1. <b class="b3">λησί-μβροτος</b> <b class="b2">taking men unawares, deceiver</b> (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 24); 2. <b class="b3">λαθί-πονος</b> <b class="b2">forgetting (making forgotten) sorrows</b> (S.; cross with <b class="b3">λαθι-</b>; Schwyzer 444); 3. <b class="b3">λαθ-άνεμος</b> <b class="b2">escaping the wind</b> (Simon.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [651] <b class="b2">*leh₂-</b> [[be unnoticed]], [[hidden]]<br />Etymology: On <b class="b3">ἀληθής</b>, <b class="b3">λήθαργος</b> s. vv.; cf. also <b class="b3">ἄλαστος</b>. As basis of the Greek system serves the present <b class="b3">λήθω</b>, <b class="b3">λάθω</b>; beside this stands from the beginning the thematic zero grade aorist <b class="b3">λαθεῖν</b> and <b class="b3">λελαθεῖν</b>, <b class="b3">-έσθαι</b> with the perf. midd. <b class="b3">λέλασμαι</b> and isolated nominal derivv., esp. the couple <b class="b3">λάθ-ρα</b> : <b class="b3">λαθ-ι-</b> (Schwyzer 447 f.); also the nasalpresent <b class="b3">λα-ν-θ-άνω</b> (beside <b class="b3">λήθω</b> which is in Hom. better attested) is perhaps an innovation (after <b class="b3">μαθεῖν</b>: <b class="b3">μανθάνω</b>?; Kuiper Nasalpräs. 156). -As in <b class="b3">πύθω</b> (:<b class="b3">πύος</b>), <b class="b3">βρίθω</b> (: <b class="b3">βριαρός</b>) also in <b class="b3">λήθω</b> the <b class="b3">-θ-</b> can be isolated as an added (present) element; a dentalless form seems indeed found in <b class="b3">λῃ̃το ἐπελάθετο</b> (beside <b class="b3">λήιτο ἐπε</b><<b class="b3">λά</b>><b class="b3">θετο</b>) H. (on <b class="b3">-ι-</b> s. below). Thus connection with the synonymous Lat. <b class="b2">la-t-eō</b> [[be hidden]] becomes probable (cf. for the formation the opposite <b class="b2">pat-eō</b>; s. also on <b class="b3">δατέομαι</b>). - Other combinations are because of the meaning either very uncertain or wrong: Toch. A <b class="b2">lä(n)t-</b>, B <b class="b2">lät-</b>, <b class="b2">lant-</b> [[go out]] (Pedersen Tocharisch 173), Slav.: OCS [[lajati]] <b class="b3">ἐνεδρεύειν</b>' , Tchech. <b class="b2">lákati</b> [[persecute]] (hard to separate from identical verbs meaning <b class="b3">ὑλακτεῖν</b>' resp. [[desire]]; Germ. nouns as OWNo. [[lōmr]] [[treason]], [[deceit]], OHG [[luog]] [[hole]], [[lair]]. - For an original long diphthong <b class="b2">lāi-</b> are both <b class="b3">λαίθαργος</b> (which is Pre-Greek, s. v.) and <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> unreliable evidence; can <b class="b3">λῃ̃το</b> be from <b class="b2">*l̥h₂-to</b>? - On <b class="b3">Λητώ</b> s. v. - Further forms in Pok. 651, W.-Hofmann s. [[lateō]].