ἀνίημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<b class="b3">ης</b> (<b class="b3">ἀνιεῖς</b>, as if from <b class="b3">ἀνιέω</b>, dub. in <span class="bibl">Il.5.880</span>), ησι: impf. <b class="b3">ἀνίην</b>, Hom. and Att. <span class="bibl">2</span> and 3sg. εις, ει, Ion. 3sg. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἀνίη <span class="title">SIG</span>1 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C., Iterat. ἀνίεσκε <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>157</span>; also ἠνίει <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.46</span>; 1sg. ἀνίειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cat.</span>4</span>: fut. <b class="b3">ἀνήσω</b>: pf. <b class="b3">ἀνεῖκα</b>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἀνῆκα;</b> Ion. <b class="b3">ἀνέηκα</b>.:—the Homeric forms ἀνέσει <span class="bibl">Od.18.265</span>, aor. opt. ἀνέσαιμι <span class="bibl">14.209</span>, part. ἀνέσαντες <span class="bibl">13.657</span> should be referred to <b class="b3">ἀνέζω</b>, but ἄνεσαν <span class="bibl">Il.21.537</span> is from <b class="b3">ἀνίημι</b>: aor. 2, 3pl. ἀνεῖσαν <span class="bibl">Th.5.32</span>, imper. ἄνες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>489</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1101</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>442</span>, subj. ἀνῇς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>183</span>, Ep. 3sg. subj. ἀνήη <span class="bibl">Il.2.34</span>, opt. <b class="b3">ἀνείη</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ἀνεῖναι</b>, part. <b class="b3">ἀνείς</b>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ἀνίεμαι</b>: pf. ἀνεῖμαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.65</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>413</span>, 3pl. pf. ἀνέωνται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.165</span> (v.l. [[ἀνέονται]]), inf. <b class="b3">ἀνἑῶσθαι</b> (sic) <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.153: aor. part. ἀνεθείς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>41c</span>e: fut. ἀνεθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Th.8.63</span>. [<b class="b3">ἀνῐ-</b> Ep., <b class="b3">ἀνῑ-</b> Att.: but even Hom. has <b class="b3">ἀνῑει, ἀνῑέμενος</b>, and we find <b class="b3">ἀνῐησιν</b> in <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.153</span> (anap.).]: —<b class="b2">send up</b> or [[forth]], Ζεφύροιο . . ἀήτας Ὠκεανὸς ἀνίησιν <span class="bibl">Od.4.568</span>; of Charybdis, τρὶς μὲν γάρ τ' ἀνίησιν . . τρὶς δ' ἀναροιβδεῖ <span class="bibl">12.105</span>; ἀφρὸν ἀ. [[spew up]], [[vomit]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>183</span>; σταγόνας [αἵματος] ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1277</span>; of the earth, <b class="b3">καρπὸν ἀ</b>. [[make]] corn or fruit <b class="b2">spring up</b>, h.Cer.333; κνώδαλα <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>266</span>; also of the gods, ἀ. ἄροτον γῆς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>270</span>, etc.; so of females, [[produce]], ib.<span class="bibl">1405</span>:—in Pass., σπαρτῶν ἀπ' ἀνδρῶν ῥίζωμ' ἀνεῖται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>413</span>: then in various relations, συὸς χρῆμα ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>401</span>; κρήνην <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>766</span>; of a forest, πῦρ καὶ φλόγα <span class="bibl">Th.2.77</span>; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πνευμόνων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>:—<b class="b2">send up</b> from the grave or nether world, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>650</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1462</span>, <span class="bibl">Phryn.Com.1</span> D., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>403e</span>, etc.:— Pass., <b class="b3">ἐκ γῆς κάτωθεν ἀνίεται ὁ πλοῦτος</b> ibid.; of fruit, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>5.1.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">let come up, give access to</b>, τινά <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.11</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ πεδίον</b> ib. <span class="bibl">7.2.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">let go</b>, from Hom. downwds. a very common sense, <b class="b3">ἐμὲ δὲ γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν</b>, i.e. [[left]] me, <span class="bibl">Il.2.71</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>310d</span>: —Pass., ἀνίεσθαι <b class="b2">wake up</b>, <span class="bibl">D.S.17.56</span>; <b class="b2">set free</b>, ἐκ στέγης ἀ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 1101</span>; <b class="b2">let go unpunished</b>, ἄνδρα τὴν ὀλιγαρχίαν λυμαινόμενον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.93</span>; <b class="b3">ἄνετέ μ' ἄνετε</b> [[leave]] me [[alone]], [[forbear]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 229</span> (lyr.); of a state of mind, ἐμὲ δ' οὐδ' ὣς θυμὸν ἀνίει . . ὀδύνη <span class="bibl">Il. 15.24</span>; ὅταν μ' ἀνῇ νόσος μανίας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>227</span>; ὥς μιν ὁ οἶνος ἀνῆκε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.213</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἵππον</b> <b class="b2">to let</b> him [[go]] (by slackening the rein), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>721</span>; ἵππους εἰς τάχος ἀ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>3.2</span>; τῷ δήμῳ τὰς ἡνίας ἀ. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span> 11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[loosen]], [[unfasten]], δεσμόν <span class="bibl">Od.8.359</span> (v.l. [[δεσμῶν]]) ; δεσμά τ' ἀνεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1.2.13</span>: hence, [[open]], πύλας ἄνεσαν <span class="bibl">Il.21.537</span>; ἀ. θύρετρα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>448</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. σήμαντρα</b> [[break]] the seal, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>325</span>:—Pass., πύλαι ἀνειμέναι <span class="bibl">D.H.10.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἀ. τινί</b> <b class="b2">let loose at</b> one, <b class="b2">slip at</b>, ἀ. τὰς κύνας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>7.7</span>: hence ἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες <span class="bibl">Il.5.761</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">880</span>: c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">Διομήδεα μαργαίνειν ἀνέηκεν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">882</span>: generally, [[set on or urge]] to do a thing, c. inf., Μοῦσ' ἄρ' ἀοιδὸν ἀνῆκεν ἀειδέμεναι <span class="bibl">Od.8.73</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.425</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.276</span>, <span class="bibl">5.422</span>: freq. c. acc. pers. only, [[let loose]], [[excite]], as οὐδέ κε Τηλέμαχον . . ῷδ' ἀνιείης <span class="bibl">Od.2.185</span>; μέγας δέ σε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν <span class="bibl">Il.7.25</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖσιν μὲν Θρασυμήδεα δῖον ἀνῆκεν</b> [[urged]] Thrasymedes [[to]] their [[aid]], <span class="bibl">17.705</span>:—so in Pass., ἅπας κίνδυνος ἀνεῖται σοφίας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>955</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὰ πρός τι</b> [[to let go for]] any purpose, τὸν λεὼν . . ἀνεῖναι πρὸς ἔργα τε καὶ θυσίας <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.129</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς παιγνίην ἑωυτὸν ἀ</b>. ib. <span class="bibl">173</span>; τὰ μικρὰ εἰς τύχην ἀνείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>974</span> (v.l. [[ἀφείς]]) ; τὰ σώματα ἐπὶ ῥᾳδιουργίαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.75</span>; <b class="b3">ἐὰν δ' ἀνῇς, ὕβριστον χρῆμα κἀκόλαστον [γυνή</b>] if you [[leave]] her [[free]], <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.98</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[let]], [[allow]], c. acc. et inf., ἀνεῖναι αὐτοὺς ὅ τι βούλονται ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>179a</span>; ἀ. τρίχας αὔξεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.175</span>: with inf. omitted, ἀνεῖσα πένθει κόμαν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ph.</span>323</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. στολίδος κροκόεσσαν τρυφάν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1491</span>; κόμας <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1</span>: c. dat. pers. et inf., <b class="b3">ἀνεὶς αὐτῷ θηρᾶν</b> <b class="b2">having given</b> him [[leave]] to hunt, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> Med., [[loosen]], [[undo]], c. acc., <b class="b3">κόλπον ἀνιεμένη</b> <b class="b2">baring her</b> breast, <span class="bibl">Il.22.80</span>; <b class="b3">αἶγας ἀνιέμενοι</b> [[stripping]] or [[flaying]] goats, <span class="bibl">Od.2.300</span>; so ἀνεῖτο λαγόνας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>826</span>; so in Act., <b class="b3">ἀνιέναι· δέρειν</b>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">let go free, leave untilled</b>, of ground dedicated to a god, τέμενος ἀνῆκεν ἅπαν <span class="bibl">Th.4.116</span>; ἀργὸν παντάπασι τὸ χωρίον ἀνιέντες τῷ θεῷ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>8</span>; generally, τὴν χώραν ἀ. μηλόβοτον <span class="bibl">Isoc.14.31</span>; ἀρούρας ἀσπόρους ἀ. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>8.11.9</span>; στέλεχος ἀνειμένον [[allowed to run wild]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>49.21</span>:—but this sense mostly in Pass., <b class="b2">devote oneself, give oneself up</b>, ἐς τὸ ἐλεύθερον <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.103</span>; esp. of animals dedicated to a god, which [[are let range at large]] (cf. [[ἄνετος]]), ἀνεῖται τὰ θηρία <span class="bibl">Id.2.65</span>; of a person <b class="b2">devoted to</b> the gods, νῦν δ' οὗτος ἀνεῖται στυγερῷ δαίμονι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1214</span>; of places, etc., θεοῖσιν ἀ. δένδρεα <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Cer.</span>47</span>; <b class="b3">ἄλσος ἀνειμένον</b> a [[consecrated]] grove, cj. in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>761c</span>; of land, ἀ. εἰς νομάς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>60.8</span>,<span class="bibl">72.36</span> (ii B.C.): hence metaph., <b class="b3">ἀνειμένος εἴς τι</b> <b class="b2">devoted to</b> a thing, <b class="b2">wholly engaged in</b> it, e.g. ἐς τὸν πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.167</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνέωνται ἐς τὸ μάχιμον</b> they <b class="b2">are given up</b> to military service, ib.<span class="bibl">165</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ κέρδος λῆμ' ἀνειμένον</b> <b class="b2">given up</b> to... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 3</span>: hence pf. part. Pass. <b class="b3">ἀνειμένος</b> as Adj., <b class="b2">going free, left to one's own will and pleasure, at large</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>579</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>516</span>; ἀ. τι χρῆμα πρεσβυτῶν γένος καὶ δυσφύλακτον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>727</span>; <b class="b3">πέπλοι ἀνειμένοι</b> <b class="b2">let hang loose</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">598</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ εἰς ἀδικίαν καὶ πλεονεξίαν -μένον</b> <b class="b2">unrestrained propensity to</b>... <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Num.</span>16</span>; σώματα πρὸς πᾶσαν ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνειμένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> [[slacken]], [[relax]], opp. <b class="b3">ἐπιτείνω</b> or <b class="b3">ἐντείνω</b>, of a bow or stringed instrument, [[unstring]], as <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>442a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ly.</span>209b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.7</span>, etc.; esp. of musical scales, <b class="b3">ἁρμονίαι ἀνειμέναι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">σύντονοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1342b22</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἀνειμένα Ἰαστὶ μοῦσα</b> Pratin.Lyr.<span class="bibl">5</span>: metaph., ὀργῆς ὀλίγον τὸν κόλλοπ' ἀ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>574</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.145.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410e</span>; πολιτεῖαι ἀνειμέναι καὶ μαλακαί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1290a28</span>; τοῖς γηράσκουσι ἀνίεται ἡ συντονία <span class="bibl"><span class="title">GA</span>787b13</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνειμένη τάσις</b> the [[grave]] accent, Sch.D.T.<span class="bibl">p.130H.</span>; οἱ πάγοι τὰς φλόγας ἀ. [[temper]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Mu.</span>397b2</span>: hence, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[remit]], [[neglect]], [[give up]], στέρνων ἀραγμούς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1608</span>; φυλακὰς ἀνῆκα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1042</span>; <b class="b3">φυλακήν, ἄσκησιν</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.4.27</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.70</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀ. θάνατόν τινι</b> <b class="b2">to remit</b> sentence of death to one, let one live, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>531</span>; ἔχθρας, κολάσεις τισί Plu.2.536a; <b class="b3">ἀ. τὰ χρέα, τὰς καταδίκας</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sol.</span>15</span>, <span class="bibl">D.C.64.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">72.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἄνες λόγον</b> speak <b class="b2">more mildly</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>442</span>; so ἀ. τινὸς ἔχθραν <span class="bibl">Th.3.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ἀρχήν, πόλεμον</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Id.1.76</span>, <span class="bibl">7.18</span>, etc.:—Pass., [[to be treated remissly]], ἀνεθήσεται τὰ πράγματα <span class="bibl">Id.8.63</span>; ὁ νόμος ἀνεῖται <b class="b2">has become effete, powerless</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>941</span>: freq. in pf. part. <b class="b3">ἀνειμένος</b> as an Adj., <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ ἀνειμένῳ τῆς γνώμης</b> when their minds are [[not strung up for action]], <span class="bibl">Th.5.9</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνειμένῃ τῇ διαίτῃ</b> [[relaxed]], [[unconstrained]], of the Athenians, <span class="bibl">Id.1.6</span>; <b class="b3">δίαιτα λίαν ἀ</b>., of the Ephors, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1270b32</span>; ἀ. ἡδοναί [[dissolute]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>573a</span>; <b class="b3">ἄνανδρος καὶ λίαν ἀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">549d</span>; ἀ. χείλεα [[parched]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.63</span>; of climate, ἀ. καὶ μαλακός <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>5.4.4</span>; ὀσμὴ μαλακὴ καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">5.7.1</span>: Comp. ἀνειμενώτερος <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>15.67</span>:—but, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> the sense of [[relaxation]] occurs also as an intr. usage of the Act., [[slacken]], [[abate]], of the wind, ἐπειδὰν πνεῦμ' ἀνῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>639</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.113</span>, <span class="bibl">4.152</span>; ἕως ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>764</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.94</span>; <b class="b3">ἐμφῦσα οὐκ ἀνίει</b>, of a viper, having fastened on him she [[does]] not <b class="b2">let go</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.3.109</span>: esp. in phrase <b class="b3">οὐδὲν ἀνιέναι</b> not <b class="b2">to give way</b> at all, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.22</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς τιμὰς ἀνεικέναι ἤκουον</b> that prices <b class="b2">had fallen</b>, <span class="bibl">D.56.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1390a15</span>; <b class="b3">σιδήρια ἀ. ἐν τοῖς μαλακοῖς</b> [[lose]] their [[edge]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>5.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. part., <b class="b2">give up</b> or [[cease]] doing, <b class="b3">ὕων οὐκ ἀνίει [ὁ θεός</b>] <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.28</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">125</span>, <span class="bibl">2.121</span>.<b class="b3">β</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>318</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">cease from</b> a thing, μωρίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Med.</span>457</span>; τῆς ὀργῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>700</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.186</span>; φιλονικίας <span class="bibl">Th.5.32</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνῆκε τοῦ ἐξελθεῖν</b> <b class="b2">forbore to</b> come forth, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>23.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> [[dilute]], [[dissolve]], <b class="b3">διά τινος</b> or <b class="b3">τινί</b>, Gal.13.520, al., <span class="title">Gp.</span>4.7.3, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>7.20.5</span> (Phryn.19 says that <b class="b3">διΐημι</b> is more correct in this sense); διυγραινομένων καὶ ἀνιεμένων <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Vent.</span>58</span>.</span>