ῥάβδος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[rod]], [[wand]], Hom. (v. infr.), etc.; lighter than the <b class="b3">βακτηρία</b> or walking-stick, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>11.4</span> (but = [[βακτηρία]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>10.10</span>, al.). —Special uses: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[magic wand]], as that of Circe, <span class="bibl">Od.10.238</span>, <span class="bibl">319</span>, etc.; that with which Athena touched Odysseus, to restore his youthful appearance, χρυσείῃ ῥάβδῳ ἐπεμάσσατο <span class="bibl">16.172</span>; that with which Hermes overpowers the senses of man, <span class="bibl">Il.24.343</span>; that with which Hades rules the ghosts, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.33</span>; <b class="b2">divining-rod</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.67</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">fishing-rod</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.251</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[limed twig]], for catching small birds, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>527</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[shaft]] of a hunting-spear, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>10.3</span>,<span class="bibl">16</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">staff of office</b>, like the earlier <b class="b3">σκῆπτρον</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>367a</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ps.</span>44(45).7</span>, <span class="bibl">109(110).2</span>; carried by a <b class="b3">βραβευτής</b>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.25J.</span>:— dub. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>248</span> for <b class="b3">ῥαβδοῦχος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> [[wand borne by the]] ῥαψῳδός, τὸν ἐπὶ ῥάβδῳ μῦθον ὑφαινόμενον <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>138</span> ( = <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>3.10P.</span>), cf. <span class="bibl">Paus. 9.30.3</span>: hence <b class="b3">κατὰ ῥάβδον ἐπέων</b> according to the [[measure]] of his (Homer's) verses, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).38(56)</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b2">rod for chastisement</b>, ῥ. κοσμοῦσα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>700c</span>; <b class="b3">μάστιξ ἢ ῥ</b>. <b class="b2">riding-switch</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>8.4</span>; <b class="b3">ῥ. βοηλάτις</b> ox-[[goad]], APl.4.200 (Mosch.); ξαίνεσθαι ῥάβδοις <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>51</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span> 11.153 (Lucill.): of the [[fasces]] of the Roman lictors, <span class="bibl">Plb.11.29.6</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.5.2.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Luc.</span>36</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς πέντε ῥάβδους</b>, = Lat. [[at]] (i.e. <b class="b2">ad) quinque fasces (CIL</b><span class="bibl">8.7044</span> (Numidia)), <span class="title">OGI</span>543.18 (Ancyra, ii A.D.), <span class="title">IGRom.</span>3.175 (ibid., ii A.D.); cf. <b class="b3">ῥαβδονόμος, ῥαβδοῦχος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b2">shepherd's staff</b> or [[crook]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ps.</span>22(23).4</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mi.</span>7.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">ῥάβδος κληρονομίας</b> <b class="b2">measuring-rod</b>, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ps.</span>73(74).2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">10</span> [[stitch]], ἔντοσθεν δὲ βοείας ῥάψε θαμειὰς χρυσείῃς ῥάβδοισι διηνεκέσιν περὶ κύκλον <span class="bibl">Il.12.297</span> (unless it means [[rivets]], [[studs]]). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[young shoot]] of some trees, Ion Trag.<span class="bibl">40</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>2.1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[streak]] or [[stripe]] on the skin of animals, διαποίκιλα ῥάβδοις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>525a12</span>; of fish, <span class="bibl">Clearch. 73</span>; of clothes, <span class="bibl">Poll.7.53</span>; [[fluting]] of a column, <span class="title">Supp.Epigr.</span>4.448.7 (Didyma, ii B.C., pl.); of minerals, [[vein]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>4.12.6</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.5.37</span>; [[streak]] or [[shaft]] of light, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>377a30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mu.</span>395a31</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> in Gramm., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[line]], [[verse]], Sch.<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4.63</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">a critical mark</b>, like [[ὀβελός]], Hsch. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[stroke]] forming a letter, <span class="bibl">Theodect.6.6</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">twig, rod, staff, streak, groove</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ῥαβδ-οῦχος</b> m. <b class="b2">staff-bearer</b> as name of an official (Ar., Th., hell.), <b class="b3">πολύ-ρραβδος</b> <b class="b2">having many streaks</b> (Arist.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Dimin. <b class="b3">ῥαβδ-ίον</b> n. (Arist., Thphr.); 2. <b class="b3">ῥαβδ-ωτός</b> [[having rods]], [[streaks]], [[grooves]] (X., Arist.), <b class="b3">-ωμα</b> H. as explanation of <b class="b3">σκυτάλια</b>; <b class="b3">-ωσις</b> f. [[cannelure]] (Att. inscr. end Va; Kretschmer Glotta 14, 230, Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 152f.); 3. Denomin.: a) <b class="b3">ῥαβδ-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">to beat with a rod, to thresh</b> (com., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. [[treshing]], <b class="b3">-ιστήρ</b> m. [[thresher]] (pap.); b) <b class="b3">-εύομαι</b> [[to fish with a rod]] (Arist.); c) <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">to have streaks</b> (Lyd.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Perh. cognate with <b class="b3">ῥάμνος</b>, <b class="b3">ῥαπίς</b>. A suffixal element <b class="b3">δο-</b> can, except in a few nouns indicating sounds (e.g. <b class="b3">κέλαδος</b>), only be found in isolated, etymolog. mostly unclear words (Schwyzer 508 f., Chantraine Form. 359 f.); but note the old, in meaning close word <b class="b3">κλάδος</b>; cf. Specht Ursprung 230 with motley material. A basis <b class="b3">*ῥάβ-ι̯ος</b>, by Bq given as possible, is defended by Haas <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 132. Except for the <b class="b3">-δ-</b>, <b class="b3">ῥάβ-δ-ος</b> can be compared with Lith. <b class="b2">vir̃bas</b> [[twig]], [[spigs]], [[rod]] and Russ. <b class="b2">vérba</b> (OCS [[vrъba]]) [[willow]] (IE <b class="b2">*u̯r̥b-</b>). Beside it with full grade Lat. [[verbera]] pl. <b class="b2">(rods for) punishment</b>, [[verbēnae]] pl. <b class="b2">the twigs of the laurel etc.</b> -- Further forms w. lit. in W.-Hofmann, Fraenkel and Vasmer s.vv.; also WP. 1, 275 and Pok. 1153. -- We can be certain that the word is Pre-Greek (not in Furnée).