πολύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. <b class="b3">πολλή, πολύ;</b> gen. <b class="b3">πολλοῦ, ῆς, ou=;</b> dat. <b class="b3">πολλῷ, ῇ, ῷ;</b> acc. <b class="b3">πολύν, πολλήν, πολύ</b>:—Ion. πολλός <span class="bibl">Anacr.43.3</span>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> πολλή, πολλόν <span class="bibl">Xenoph.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.219</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.3.19</span>; also in Trag., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>86</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1196</span>; acc. <b class="b3">πολλόν, πολλήν, πολλόν</b>: Hdt. uses the Ion. forms, but codd. have πολύν <span class="bibl">2.121</span>.<b class="b3">δ</b>, <span class="bibl">3.57</span>, v.l. in <span class="bibl">6.125</span>, πολύ <span class="bibl">2.106</span>,<span class="bibl">3.38</span>,<span class="bibl">6.72</span>,<span class="bibl">7.46</span>,<span class="bibl">160</span> (<b class="b3">πολύ</b> also in <span class="bibl">Heraclit.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr. 244</span>):—both sets of forms are found in Ep., also gen. sg. πολέος <span class="bibl">Il.4.244</span>, etc.: nom. pl. πολέες <span class="bibl">2.417</span>, al., once contr. πολεῖς <span class="bibl">11.708</span>; gen. <b class="b3">πολέων</b> (trisyll.) <span class="bibl">5.691</span>, (disyll.) <span class="bibl">16.655</span>; dat. πολέσι <span class="bibl">10.262</span>,al.; πολέσσι <span class="bibl">13.452</span>, al.; πολέεσσι <span class="bibl">9.73</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.54</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>119</span>, etc.; acc. <b class="b3">πολέας</b> (trisyll.) <span class="bibl">Il.3.126</span>, etc., (disyll.) <span class="bibl">1.559</span>,<span class="bibl">2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>580</span> (freq. with v.l. [[πολεῖς]] <span class="bibl">Il.15.66</span>, etc.); in later Ep. <b class="b3">πολέες</b> is used as fem., <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>28</span>, also πολέας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Dian.</span>42</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.3.21</span>; neut. πολέα <span class="bibl">Q.S.1.74</span> (v. infr.):—Ep. also have πουλύς (once in <span class="bibl">Hes., <span class="title">Th.</span>190</span>, also <span class="bibl">Thgn. 509</span>, sts. fem. in Hom., πουλὺν ἐφ' ὑγρήν <span class="bibl">Il.10.27</span>, ἠέρα πουλύν <span class="bibl">5.776</span>), neut. πουλύ <span class="bibl">Od.19.387</span>; these forms are found in codd. of Hp. and Aret. (who uses <b class="b3">πολύ, πουλύ</b> and <b class="b3">πολλόν</b> in neut.), but not in Hdt.:— Lyr. and Trag. (lyr.) sts. use Ep. forms, dat. sg. πολεῖ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>745</span>; nom. pl. πολέες <span class="bibl">B.10.17</span>; neut. πολέα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>723</span>; πολέων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1332</span> (fem., <span class="bibl">B.5.100</span>); dat. pl. πολέσι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1263</span>. <b class="b3">[ῠ</b>always.] </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Number, [[many]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.417</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ πολλῶν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐξὀλίγων</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>447</span>; <b class="b3">τριηκόντων ἐτέων πόλλ' ἀπολείπων</b> wanting [[many]] of thirty years, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Op.</span>696</span>; παρῆσάν τινες, καὶ πολλοί γε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>58d</span>; οὐ πολλοί τινες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>510</span>: with Nouns of multitude, πουλὺς ὅμιλος <span class="bibl">Od.8.109</span>; πλῆθος πολλόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.141</span>; ἔθνος πολλόν <span class="bibl">Id.4.22</span>; later <b class="b3">πουλὺ… ἐπ' ἔτος</b> [[many]] a year, <span class="title">AP</span>6.235 (Thall.); π. ἦν ὁ καταπλέων <span class="bibl">Plb.15.26.10</span>; of anything often repeated, περὶ σέο λόγος ἀπῖκται π. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.30</span>; πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος <span class="bibl">Id.2.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.137</span>, etc.; πολὺ… τὸ σὸν ὄνομα διήκει πάντας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>305</span>; τούτῳ πολλῷ χρήσεται τῷ λόγῳ [[often]], <span class="bibl">D.21.29</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτο ἐπιεικῶς πολὺ νῦν ἐστι</b> is fairly [[frequent]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hist.Conscr.</span>15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Size, Degree, Intensity, [[much]], [[mighty]], <b class="b3">ὄμβρος, νιφετός</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.6</span>; π. ὕπνος <span class="bibl">Od.15.394</span>; πῦρ… π. <span class="bibl">10.359</span>; <b class="b3">π. ὑμέναιος</b> a [[loud]] song, <span class="bibl">Il.18.493</span>; <b class="b3">π. ὀρυμαγδός, ῥοῖζος</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">2.810</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.315</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἀνάγκη</b> [[strong]] necessity, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1674</span>; <b class="b3">π. γέλως, βοή</b>, [[much]] or [[great]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>303</span>, <span class="bibl">1149</span>; <b class="b3">μωρία</b> ib. <span class="bibl">745</span>; <b class="b3">ὄλβος, αἰδώς</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>251</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>948</span>; ἀσφάλεια <span class="bibl">Th.2.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἀλογία, εὐήθεια</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>67e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>275c</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> rarely of a single person, [[great]], [[mighty]], μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἐγένεο <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ π. σοφιστής, στρατηγός</b>, Chor.<span class="bibl">p.23</span> B., Id.in <span class="title">Rev.Phil.</span>1.68; ὁ πάντα π. Id.p.27 B.; <b class="b3">ὁ πολύς</b> alone, of Hippocrates, Gal.19.530; of Trajan, Lyd.<span class="title">Mag.</span>2.28; ῥώμην σώματος πολύς <span class="bibl">D.H.2.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> joined with a Verb, <b class="b3">Κύπρις γὰρ οὐ φορητός, ἢν πολλὴ ῥυῇ</b> if she flow [[with full stream]], metaph. from a river, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>443</span>; θρασυνομένῳ καὶ πολλῷ ῥέοντι <span class="bibl">D. 18.136</span>; from the wind, <b class="b3">ὡς π. ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρός</b> was blowing [[strong]] and fresh, <span class="bibl">Id.25.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>760</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>11.49 (Even.): generally, [[with might]] or [[force]], ὅταν ὁ θεὸς… ἔλθῃ πολύς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>300</span>; ἢν π. παρῇ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>1200</span>; π. καὶ τολμηρὸς ἅνθρωπος <span class="bibl">D.40.53</span>: with part. and <b class="b3">εἰμί, πολλὸς ἦν λισσόμενος</b> was [[all]] entreaties, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.91</span>; ἦν πολλὸς ὑπὸ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς αἰνεόμενος <span class="bibl">Id.1.98</span>; Ἐτεοκλέης ἂν εἷς π.… ὑμνοῖθ' <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>6</span>; π. ἐνέκειτο λέγων <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.158</span>; π. τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν ἔγκειται <span class="bibl">D.18.199</span>; also π. ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λόγοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.59</span>; πρὸς ταῖς παρασκευαῖς <span class="bibl">Plb.5.49.7</span>; ἐπὶ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ <span class="bibl">D.S.14.107</span>: without a Prep., π. ἦν τοῖς ἐπαίνοις καὶ ἐπαχθής <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.41</span>; <b class="b3">π. μὲν γὰρ ὁ Φίλιππος ἔσται</b> will be [[often mentioned]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.166</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of Value or Worth, πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται <span class="bibl">Il.23.562</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.405</span>; πολλοῦ ἄξιος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.1.28</span>, etc.; πολλῶν ἄξιος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>918</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τι</b>, Lat. [[magni facere]], cf. περί A. IV; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πολλῷ</b> at a [[high price]], <span class="bibl">D.8.53</span>; ἐπὶ π. ἐρραθυμηκότες <span class="bibl">Id.1.15</span>; <b class="b3">πολύ ἐστί τι</b> it is <b class="b2">worth much, of great conscquence</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>18.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of Space, [[large]], [[wide]], <b class="b3">π. χώρη, πεδίον</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.520</span>,<span class="bibl">4.244</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πόντος, πέλαγος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>635</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>635</span>; χῶρος πλατὺς καὶ π. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.39</span>; <b class="b3">λίμνη μεγάλη τε καὶ π</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">109</span>; π. ἡ Σικελία <span class="bibl">Th. 7.13</span>; π. ἡ Ἑλλάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>78a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πολλὸς ἔκειτο</b> he lay [[outstretched wide]], <span class="bibl">Il.7.156</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.307</span>; <b class="b3">π. κέλευθος</b> a [[far]] way, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>748</span> (troch.): without ὁδός, πολλὴ μὲν εἰς Ἡράκλειαν... πολλὴ δὲ εἰς Χρυσόπολιν… <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.3.16</span>: <b class="b3">διὰ πολλοῦ, ἐκ πολλοῦ</b>, v. infr. IV. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> of Time, [[long]], χρόνος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1402</span> (anap.), etc.; πολὺν χρόνον <span class="bibl">Il.2.343</span>, etc.; οὐ π. χρ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>348</span>, etc.; so πολλοῦ χρόνου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>98</span>; χρόνῳ πολλῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>228</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ πολλοῦ</b> (sc. <b class="b3">χρόνου</b>) <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nec.</span>15</span>; ἐκ πολλοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.1.58</span>, <span class="bibl">D. 21.41</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸ πολλοῦ</b> [[long]] before, <span class="bibl">D.S.14.43</span>; οὐ μετὰ πολύ <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tox.</span>54</span>; <b class="b3">ἔτι πολλῆς νυκτός</b> while still [[quite]] night, <span class="bibl">Th.8.101</span>; <b class="b3">πολλῆς ὥρας</b> [[late]] in the day, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.8.3</span>; ἤδη ὥρα πολλή <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>6.35</span>; ἔτι ἔστιν ἡμέρα πολλή <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>29.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Special usages: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. partit.gen., e.g. <b class="b3">πολλοὶ Τρώων</b>, for <b class="b3">πολλοὶ Τρῶες</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.271</span>, etc.; neut., <b class="b3">πολλὸν σαρκός</b>, for <b class="b3">πολλὴ σάρξ</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.450</span>: in Prose, the Adj. generally takes the gender of the gen., τὸν πολλὸν τοῦ χρόνου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.24</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς γῆς οὐ πολλήν</b> <span class="bibl">Th.6.7</span>; τῆς ἀθάρης πολλήν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>694</span>; πολλὴν τῆς χώρας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 3.2.2</span>; ὁ π. τοῦ λόγου <span class="bibl">D.44.6</span>; v. infr. 3. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> joined with another Adj., πολλὰ δυστερπῆ κακά <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>277</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">585</span> (lyr.), etc.: more freq. joined to another Adj. by <b class="b3">καί, πολέες τε καὶ ἐσθλοί</b> [[many]] men and good, <span class="bibl">Il.6.452</span>, etc.; πολέες τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι <span class="bibl">21.586</span>; πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά <span class="bibl">Od.2.312</span>; <b class="b3">παλαιά τε πολλά τε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">188</span>; ἄκοσμά τε π. τε <span class="bibl">Il.2.213</span>; πολλαί γε… καὶ ἄλλαι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>363</span>; π. τε καὶ κακά <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.167</span>, etc.; π. κἀγαθά <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>351</span> (but π. ἀγαθά <span class="title">IG</span>12.76.45); π. καὶ ἀνόσια <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>416e</span>; π. καὶ μακάρια <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>269d</span>; π. καὶ πονηρά <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.9.6</span>; πολλά τε καὶ δεινά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>5.5.8</span>; μεγάλα καὶ π. <span class="bibl">D.36.22</span>; <b class="b3">π. καὶ καλοὺς</b> (s.v.l.) <b class="b3">κινδύνους, π. καὶ καλὰ παραδείγματα</b>, <span class="bibl">Din.1.109</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> with the Art. (in Hom. without the Art., <span class="bibl">Il.2.483</span>, <span class="bibl">5.334</span>, <span class="bibl">22.28</span>), of persons or things well known, <b class="b3">Ἑλένα μία τὰς πολλάς, τὰς πάνυ π. ψυχὰς ὀλέσασ'</b> those [[many]] lives, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1456</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>845</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.87</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>88a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>54a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>26.24</span>: with abstract Nouns, τᾶς πολλᾶς ὑγιείας <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ag.</span>1001</span> (lyr., dub.); τὸ πολλόν [[numbers]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.136</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">οἱ π</b>. the [[many]], i.e. the [[greater number]], Ἀθηναῖοι… ἀπῆλθον οἱ πολλοί <span class="bibl">Th. 1.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.32</span>, etc. (so in sg., <b class="b3">ὁ πολλὸς λόγος</b> the [[prevailing]] report, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.75</span>); τοῖς π. κριταῖς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1243</span>: with gen., <b class="b3">τοῖς π. βροτῶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">682</span>; οἱ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.24</span>; οἱ πολλοὶ ἅπαντες [[far the most]], Hp.Aër.20 (v.l. [[μάλιστα]] for <b class="b3">ἅπαντες</b>); for <b class="b3">τὰ πολλὰ πάντα</b>, v. infr. 111.1a: hence <b class="b3">οἱ πολλοί</b> the [[people]], the [[commonalty]], opp. <b class="b3">οἱ μείζω κεκτημένοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.6</span>; opp. <b class="b3">οἱ κομψότεροι</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>505b</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ π</b>., = Lat. [[plebs]], <span class="bibl">D.S.20.36</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν πολλῶν εἷς</b> one [[of]] the [[multitude]], <span class="bibl">D.21.96</span>; also ὁ π. λεώς <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">JTr.</span>53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>17</span>; ὁ π. ὅμιλος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Luct.</span>2</span>. <span class="bibl">Hdn.1.1.1</span>, etc.; ὁ π. δῆμος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Apol.</span>15</span>; ὁ π. ὄχλος <span class="bibl">Ph. 2.4</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ π</b>. alone, = [[vulgus]], v.l. in <span class="bibl">D.S.2.29</span>; the [[ordinary man]], <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>478</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.154S.; νίμμα ὁ π. λέγει, ἡμεῖς ἀπόνιπτρον λέγομεν Phryn.170, cf.369; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐμπαθὴς καὶ π. ἄνθρωπος</b> 'l'homme [[moyen]] sensuel', <span class="bibl">Herm.<span class="title">in Phdr.</span>p.146A.</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ π. ἄνθρωπος</b> (with pl. Verb) the [[average]] man, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ἐξαίρετον</b>, <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">Hist.</span>p.216</span> D. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">τὸ πολύ</b>, c. gen., τῆς στρατιῆς τὸ πολλόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.100</span>; τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου Hp.Aër. 20; τῶν λογάδων τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Th.5.73</span>; τῶν ὅπλων τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>288b</span>; also ὁ στρατὸς ὁ πολλός <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.102</span>; ἡ δύναμις ἡ π. <span class="bibl">Th.1.24</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ π. βίοτος</b> [[the best part]] of life, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>185</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> τὰ πολλά [[the most]], <span class="bibl">Od.22.273</span>, and perh. <span class="bibl">2.58</span>, <span class="bibl">17.537</span> (elsewh. in Hom. <b class="b3">πολλά</b>, as Subst., means <b class="b2">much riches, great possessions</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.11.684</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.195</span>); τὰ π. τοῦ πολέμου <span class="bibl">Th.2.13</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τὸ τῶν π. μέγεθος</b> in regard to the size of [[the average]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1363b11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> pl. <b class="b3">πολλά</b> <b class="b2">very much, too much</b>, <b class="b3">πολλὰ πράσσειν</b>, = [[πολυπραγμονεῖν]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>576</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>228</span>; π. ἔπαθεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.63</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἔρξαι τινά</b> to do one [[much harm]], <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>923</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">πολλάς</b> with Verbs of beating (<b class="b3">πληγάς</b> being omitted), v. [[πληγή]] <span class="bibl">1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">πολύς</b> repeated, ἦ πολλὰ πολλοῖς εἰμι διάφορος βροτῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>579</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>451</span>; τὰ μὲν οὖν πολλὰ πολλοῦ χρόνου διηγήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>615a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πολλοῦ πολύς</b>, v. infr. <span class="bibl">111.1b</span>: with Advbs. <b class="b3">πολλάκις, πολλαχῇ</b>, etc. (qq. v., cf. <span class="bibl">111.1</span> e). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Adverbial usages: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> neut. <b class="b3">πολύ</b> (Ion. <b class="b3">πολλόν</b>) <b class="b3">, πολλά</b>, [[much]], πόλλ' ἀεκαζομένη <span class="bibl">Il.6.458</span>, etc.; strengthd., μάλα πολλά <span class="bibl">8.22</span>, al.; πάνυ πολύ Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.119c; πολύ τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>484d</span>; esp. of repetition, [[often]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.798</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>322</span>; so of [[earnest]] commands and entreaties, <b class="b3">πολλὰ κελεύων, πόλλ' ἐπέτελλον, πολλὰ λισσομένη, πολλὰ μάλ' εὐχομένω</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.5.528</span>, <span class="bibl">11.782</span>, <span class="bibl">5.358</span>, <span class="bibl">9.183</span>: with the Art., τὸ πολύ [[for the most part]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>315a</span>, etc. (but with numerals, [[at most]], Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">9.5</span>); ὡς τὸ π. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.10</span>, etc.; τὰ πολλά <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>, <span class="bibl">2.11</span>,<span class="bibl">87</span>, etc.; ὡς τὰ π. <span class="bibl">Id.5.65</span>, etc.; τὰ π. πάντα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>, <span class="bibl">2.35</span>, <span class="bibl">5.67</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of Degree, [[far]], [[very much]], ἀπέφυγε πολλὸν τοὺς διώκοντας <span class="bibl">Id.6.82</span>: also abs. gen. <b class="b3">πολλοῦ</b> [[very]], θρασὺς εἶ πολλοῦ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>915</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Eup.74</span>; πολλοῦ δύνασθαι <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.9</span> (s.v.l.); <b class="b3">πολλοῦ πολύς, πολλὴ πολλοῦ</b>, [[much too much]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>822</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1046</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> of Space, <b class="b2">a great way, far</b>, οὐ πολλόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.104</span>; πολὺ οὐκ ἐξῄεσαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.15</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> of Time, [[long]], ὡς πολλὸν τοῦτο ἐγίνετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.126</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.129</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">e</span> of Probability, <b class="b3">ἐὰν πολλὰ πολλῶν τέκῃς</b>, perh. = [[ἐὰν πολλάκις τέκῃς]],<span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 744.9</span> (i B.C./i A.D.); ἐάν τι πολλὰ πολλάκις πάθω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>1105</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">πολύ</b> is freq. joined with Adjs. and Advbs., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> with a Comp. to increase its comp. force, <b class="b3">πολὺ μεῖζον, πολλὸν παυρότεροι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.167</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.17</span>; <b class="b3">πολὺ μᾶλλον</b> [[much]] more, <span class="bibl">Il.9.700</span>; <b class="b3">πολύ τι μᾶλλον</b> f.l. in <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>4</span> (<span class="bibl">p.22</span> U.-R.): with words, esp. Preps., between <b class="b3">πολύ</b> and its Adj., <b class="b3">π. ἐν πλέονι, π. ἐπὶ δεινοτέρῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.35</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>589e</span>; πολὺ ἔτι ἐκ λαμπροτέρων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>110c</span>; π. σὺν φρονήματι μείζονι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.22</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.2.30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>1.4</span> (but the Prep. freq. comes first, ἐκ π. ἐλάττονος <span class="bibl">And.1.109</span>, etc.); so <b class="b3">πολλῷ</b> is freq. used with the Comp., [[by far]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>337</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.134</span>, etc.; π. μᾶλλον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1159</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>80e</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἀσθενέστερον</b> not [[a great deal]] weaker, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.181</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.48</span>,<span class="bibl">67</span>, etc.: <b class="b3">πολύ</b> with all words implying comparison, <b class="b3">πολὺ πρίν</b> [[much]] sooner, <span class="bibl">Il.9.250</span>; π. πρό <span class="bibl">4.373</span>: with the comp. Verb φθάνω, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη <span class="bibl">13.815</span>; so <b class="b3">πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων, πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων</b>, <span class="bibl">6.125</span>, <span class="bibl">11.217</span>; προὔλαβε πολλῷ <span class="bibl">Th.7.80</span>: with <b class="b3">βούλομαι</b>, = [[prefer]], ἡμῖν πολὺ βούλεται ἢ Δαναοῖσι νίκην <span class="bibl">Il.17.331</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.17.404</span>; <b class="b3">πολύ γε</b> in answers, after a Comp. or Sup., <b class="b3">ἀργὸς… γενήσεται μᾶλλον;</b> Answ. πολύ γε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>421d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">387e</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> with a Sup., <b class="b3">πολὺ πρώτιστος, πολλὸν ἄριστος</b>, [[far]] the first, etc., <span class="bibl">Il.2.702</span>, <span class="bibl">1.91</span>, etc.; προθυμία π. τολμηροτάτη <span class="bibl">Th.1.74</span>, etc.; πολλόν τι μάλιστα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.56</span>; π. δή, π. δὴ γυναῖκ' ἀρίσταν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>442</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>539</span>, <span class="bibl">Archestr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>34.9</span>; also πολλῷ πλεῖστοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.92</span>.έ, <span class="bibl">8.42</span>; π. μεγίστους <span class="bibl">Id.4.82</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> with a Positive, to add force to the Adj., ὦ πολλὰ μὲν τάλαινα, πολλὰ δ' αὖ σοφή <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1295</span>; also ἐς πόλλ' ἀθλία πέφυκ' ἐγώ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>619</span> (troch.); πολὺ ἀφόρητος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span> 9.3</span>; cf. [[πλεῖστος]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> with Preps., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">διὰ πολλοῦ</b> at [[a great interval]] of Space or Time, v. [[διά]] A.1.5, 11.2. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">εἰς πολύ</b> for [[a long time]], <span class="bibl">Plot.2.1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἐκ πολλοῦ</b> from [[a great distance]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.32</span>, etc.; for [[a long time]], v. [[ἐκ]] <span class="bibl">11.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πολύ</b>, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">a</span> over <b class="b2">a great space, far</b>, οὐκ ἐπὶ πολλόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.32</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ π. τῆς θαλάσσης, τῆς χώρας</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.50</span>,<span class="bibl">4.3</span>, etc.; to [[a great extent]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.6</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span>,<span class="bibl">3.83</span>; cf. ποιέω <span class="bibl">B.11.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> for <b class="b2">a long time, long</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.16</span>; τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπὶ π. <span class="bibl">Id.7.38</span>, cf. 39. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> ὡς ἐπὶ π. [[very generally]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.12</span> (v.l.), Archyt. ap. Stob.3.1.195; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. [[for the most part]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>294e</span>, etc.; μὴ καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον, ἀλλ' ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.154</span>; τό γ' ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Id.8.35</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ πολύ</b> by [[far]], v. [[παρά]] C.111.5. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">περὶ πολλοῦ</b>, v. supr. <span class="bibl">1.3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">πρὸ πολλοῦ</b> [[far]] before, τῆς πόλεως <span class="bibl">D.H.9.35</span>; also of Time, <b class="b3">οὐ πρὸ π</b>. not [[long]] before, <span class="bibl">Id.5.62</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">σὺν πολλῷ</b> <b class="b2">in no small degree, only too much</b> or [[too well]], <span class="bibl">Hld.2.8</span>,<span class="bibl">9.20</span>, <span class="bibl">10.9</span> (cf. <span class="title">CR</span>41.53). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> for Comp. <b class="b3">πλείων, πλέων</b>, Sup. <b class="b3">πλεῖστος</b>, v. sub vocc. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">purú-</b>, Goth. [[filu]] 'much'.)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0672.png Seite 672]] ὁ, schlägt Xen. Cyn. 7, 5 als Hundenamen vor. πολλή, πολύ, gen. πολλοῦ, πολλῆς, πολλοῦ u. s. w.; attisch sind von der Form [[πολύς]] nur nom. u. acc. sing. masc. u. neutr., [[πολύς]], πολύν, πολύ; in der epischen Sprache hat sich aber daneben noch erhalten: gen. πολέος, Il. 4, 244 u. öfter; plur. [[πολέες]], 2, 417 u. oft, auch zsgz. πολεῖς, 11, 708; πολέων, 15, 680 u. sonst; dat. πολέσι, 4, 388, wie Pind. Ol. 13, 44, u. öfter, auch πολέσσι, Il. 13, 452. 17, 236. 308, u. πολέεσσι, 12, 399 u. öfter, wie Hes. O. 1191 acc. πολέας, Il. 4, 230 u. öfter, 1, 559 zweisylbig zu lesen, wo Einige πολεῖς schreiben, wie Pind. P. 4, 56; πολέα, Aesch. Ag. 705, der auch πολεῖ als dat. sing. hat, Spt. 726; u. so πολέων, πολέσι, im Chor, Eur. Hel. 1332 I. T. 1263; Hom. hat auch die poetische Form [[πουλύς]], πουλύν, selbst als fem. πουλὺν ἐφ' ὑγρήν, Il. 10, 27 Od. 4, 709; u. wie die Ionier, Pind. u. a. D., [[πολλός]], πολλόν, nom. u. acc. (s. Beispiele unten); [[πολύς]] selten bei Her., wie πολύν, 3, 57. 6, 125, πολύ, 2, 106. 3, 38, πολέας, 2, 107; – 1) [[viel]]; zunächst – a) von der Menge, za h treich, [[häufig]], im Ggstz von [[ὀλίγος]], wie ἐξ ὀλίγων u. ἐκ πολλῶν einander entgegstzt sind Hes. Th. 447; [[λαός]], Il. 9, 22 u. oft; ῥεῖ πολὺς ὅδε [[λεώς]], Aesch. Spt. 80; [[στρατιά]], Pers. 25; [[ὄχλος]], Soph. Trach. 424; ὃμιλος, Od. 8, 109; πολλοὶ ἑταῖροι, ἱππῆες, λαοί, ἄνδρες, Il. 2, 417. 4, 143 u. sonst; μῦθοι, Od. 11, 379; [[μοῦνος]] ἐὼν πο λέσι, 20, 30; πολέεσσιν ὀχήσατο κύμασιν, 5, 54; πολλὸν [[πλῆθος]], Her. 1, 141; [[ἔθνος]], 4, 22; auch πολλὸς ὑπὸ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς αἰνεόμενος, ein oft gelobter, 1, 98; πολλὸς λέγων, λισσόμενος, der oft spricht, fleht, 7, 158. 9, 91; πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ [[ἔπος]], 2, 2. Es wird so auch mit dem gen. partit. vrbdn, πολλοὶ Τρώων, ein großer Theil der Troer, = πολλοὶ Τρῶες, Il. 18, 271 u. sonst; auch im sing., πολλὸν σαρκός, πολλὸν βίης, = πολλὴ [[σάρξ]], βία, Od. 19, 450. 21, 185; πολὺ γάρ τι κακῶν ὑπερεκτήσω , Soph. El. 210; eben so häufig bei den Attikern richtet sich [[πολύς]] in dieser Vrbdg nach dem Genus des folgenden subst., ὁ πολὺς τοῦ χρόνου, πολλὴ τῆς γῆς, πολλὴ τῆς στρατιᾶς, vgl. Brunck Ar. Ach. 350 Hemsterh. zu Luc. Tim. 9; auch bei Her. 1, 24 u. sonst (vgl. auch unter 3). – b) von räumlicher Ausdehnung, gr oß; ὀστεόφιν θίς, Od. 12, 45; [[πεδίον]], Il. 4, 244 u. öfter; [[ἄγχι]] [[μάλα]], [[οὐδέ]] τι πολλὴ χώρη [[μεσσηγύς]], 23, 520; πολλὸς γάρ τις ἔκειτο, lang hingestreckt, 7, 156, vgl. 11, 307 Od. 22, 384; πολλὴ [[ὁδός]], ein langer Weg; πολὺν διὰ πόντον, Hes. O. 637; wenn aber Her. 4, 109 vrbdt [[λίμνη]] μεγάλη τε καὶ πολλή, so bezeichnet er damit die reiche Wasserfülle; πολὺ [[πέλαγος]], Soph. Phil. 631; Ar. u. Folgde; [[χῶρος]] [[πολλός]], Her. 4, 39; [[χώρα]], Xen. An. 2, 4, 21; [[ὁδός]], 6, 1, 16 u. öfter; [[πορεία]], Plat. Rep. X, 614 e. – c) von der Zeit, [[lang]]; [[χρόνος]], Il. 2, 243 u. oft, Aesch. Ag. 607 u. sonst, eine der geläufigsten Verbindungen, οὐ πολὺν χρόνον, nicht lange, Soph. Phil. 348 u. sonst; u. sehr gewöhnlich in Prosa, z. B. Plat. Rep. II, 376 e; Xen. An. 1, 9, 25. 5, 2, 17 u. Folgende; dah. ἐκ πολλοῦ, seit langer Zeit, Pol. 10, 4, 2 u. A.; u. eben so πολλοῦ γὰρ αὐτοὺς οὐχ ἑώρακα χρόνου, Ar. Plut. 98; – διὰ πολλοῦ, in, nach langer Zeit, Luc. Necyom. 15. – d) allgemeiner, von intensiver Fülle, Kraft u. Nachdruck, <b class="b2">groß, gewaltig, mächtig</b>; [[ὀρυμαγδός]], Il. 2, 810 u. oft; [[κέλαδος]], 18, 530; [[ὑμέναιος]], lauttönender Hochzeitsreigen, 493, wie [[ὕμνος]] Pind. N. 6, 34; βοή, Soph. Ant. 1237; [[πόνος]], Il. 6, 525; [[νιφετός]], [[ὑετός]], starkes Schneegestöber, heftiger Regen, [[ὄμβρος]], Hes. O. 679; [[ὕπνος]], tiefer, fester Schlaf, Od. 15, 394; [[ἱδρώς]], Il. 16, 110 u. oft; [[χειμών]], Od. 4, 566; πῦρ, 20, 25; [[ὄλβος]], Pind. P. 5, 13; Aesch. Pers. 247 ([[χρυσός]], Eur. Hec. 10), wie [[πλοῦτος]], Pind. N. 1, 31; εἰράνα, P. 9, 22; [[αἰδώς]], Aesch. Ag. 922; πολλὴ [[ἀνάγκη]], Soph. El. 301 u. oft; ungewöhnlich von einzelnen Personen, [[μέγας]] καὶ [[πολλός]] groß u. gewaltig, mächtig, Her. 7, 14; πολλὴ [[ἐλπίς]], viele, starke Hoffnung, πολλὴ [[σιγή]] , tiefes Schweigen, πολλὴ [[ἀμέλεια]], große Nachlässigkeit, Her. 1, 30. 75; πολλὸς [[λόγος]], ein weit verbreitetes Gerede; auch [[οὔνομα]] πολλόν, 3, 137; οὐκ ἂν πολὺς ἐπιδείξειε μῦθος, Plat. Legg. VI, 761 c; πολὺν λόγον ποιεῖσθαι [[περί]] τινος, viel über Etwas sprechen, Phaedr. 270 a u. oft; aber ib. 253 e steht [[πολύς]], εἰκῆ [[συμπεφορημένος]] dem ὀρθὸς καὶ διηρθρωμένος entgegen; πολλὴ [[σπουδή]], großer Eifer, ib. 248 e; [[ἀλογία]], Phaed. 67 e; [[πτόησις]], Conv. 206 d; πολλῆς ἂν εὐηθείας γέμοι, Phaedr. 275 c; τὸ τῆς πολλῆς καὶ παντοδαπῆς ἀγνοίας [[πάθος]], Soph. 228 e, vgl. ταύτης πολλῆς οὔσης καὶ παντοίας μάχης Phil. 15 d; πολλὴν καὶ τὴν μεγίστην ἴσχειν ἔχθραν καὶ στάσιν, Polit. 308 b; πολὺ [[ἔργον]] προστάττεις, eine große Arbeit, Parm. 136 d; [[σπάνις]], Xen. An. 7, 2, 15; [[φόβος]], 1, 2, 18; πολλὴν ποιησάμενος τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν, Pol. 5, 48, 16; [[ὀδυρμός]], Matth. 2, 18. – Bes. ist hier noch der Gebrauch, der sich an den unter a) erwähnten des Her. anreiht, zu merken, πολὺς ἦν ἐν τῇ φιλοσοφίᾳ, er lebte ganz in der Philosophie, vergleiche [[πλείων]] und [[πλεῖστος]]. So besonders bei Sp., πολὺς ἦν πρὸς ταῖς παρασκευαῖς, Pol. 5, 49, 7, πολὺς ἦν συναθροίζων τὰς ναῦς, 16, 6, 4; Plut. – Aber πολὺς ὁ Φίλιππος ἔσται ist = er wird mächtig sein, Aesch. 1, 166; πολὺς γάρ, πολὺς καὶ [[τολμηρός]] ἐστιν [[ἄνθρωπος]], Dem. 40, 53, er ist ein gewaltiger, gefährlicher Mensch; vgl. πολὺς ἦν ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι, πολὺς δὲ καὶ τοῖς παρὰ τῆς Κρήτης ἰοῦσιν, Strab. 10, 4, 10. – Πολύς τις, manch einer, πολύ τι, mancherlei, besonders Attiker. – e) auch vom Werthe od. von der Schätzung einer Sache,<b class="b2"> vielwerth</b>, vollständig πολέος [[ἄξιος]], Od. 8, 405 Il. 23, 562, wie bei den Attikern πολλοῦ [[ἄξιος]], aber oft auch ohne [[ἄξιος]], πολλοῦ ἐστιν, es ist viel werth, theuer, wobei man τιμήματος zu ergänzen pflegt; u. so in der bekannten Vrbdg περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαι, hochschätzen, hohen Werth darauf legen; auch πολύ ἐστί τι, es hat viel Werth, kommt viel darauf an, es gehört Viel dazu. – 2) Sehr gewöhnlich tritt [[πολύς]] anders als bei uns im Griechischen als vollständiges Prädikat für sich auf und wird daher, wenn noch ein anderes adj. dazutritt, durch [[καί]] mit diesem verbunden, [[πολέες]] τε καὶ ἐσθλοί, Il. 6, 452 Od. 6, 284 u. sonst, wo wir einfacher sagen »viele Wackere«, die Griechen aber »Viele und auch Wackere«; so πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά, 2, 312; [[πολέες]] τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι, Il. 21, 586; παλαιά τε πολλά τε, Od. 2, 188 u. sonst; πολλαὶ καὶ ἄλλαι, Hes. Th. 363; πολύν γε καὶ καλὸν φθεῖραι στρατόν, Aesch. Pers. 420; πολλὰ παλαίσματα καὶ γυιοβαρῆ, Ag. 63; u. die andern Tragg., Ar. u. in Prosa überall; auch bei subst., πολλοὶ καὶ καλοὶ χιτῶνες, viel schöne Kleider; πολλὴ καὶ [[ἄφθονος]], Xen. An. 5, 6, 25; πολλά τε καὶ δεινά, 5, 5, 8; πολλὰ καὶ ἀνόσια γέγονε, Plat. Rep. III, 416 e; πολλῶν καὶ μακαρίων μετείληφε, Polit. 269 e; πολλὰ καὶ ἀγαθά, Xen. An. 4, 6, 27. 6, 2, 8; doch wird auch in dieser Vrbdg ἀγαθά als Substantivum behandelt und πολλά μοι ἀγαθὰ γένοιτο gesagt, 5, 6, 4, wie πολλὰ ὁρῶντες ἀγαθά, 3, 1, 22, und τὰς μὲν γυναῖκας πόλλ' ἀγαθὰ λέγων, σὲ δὲ πολλὰ κακά, Ar. Eccl. 435. – Auch in umgekehrter Stellung, πονηροὶ καὶ πολλοί, Ar. Lys. 253; vgl. Lob. peralipp. p. 60. – 3) Mit dem Artikel, οἱ πολλοί, <b class="b2">die Vielen, die Menge</b>, der große Hause, die Mehrzahl, auch als Substantiv, die [[Meisten]], weil darin der Begriff der absoluten Vielheit liegt, vgl. Valck. diatr. 217 b u. Schäfer melet. p. 3, 65. Bei Hom. so auch ohne Artikel, Il. 2, 483. 21, 524. 22, 28; ὡς οἱ πολλοὶ λέγουσιν, Plat. Rep. II, 379 c; πρὸς τὰς τῶν πολλῶν δόξας, Polit. 306 a, u. oft; Xen. An. 3, 1, 10 u. sonst; τοῖς μὲν πολλοῖς τῶν Ἑλλήνων οὐκ ἤρεσκεν, 2, 4, 2; daher οἱ πολλοί die gemeinen Soldaten im Ggstz des Heerführers, Pol. 1, 33, 4, das Volk im Ggstz des Senats, 1, 11, 1 u. oft; – auch τὸ πολύ, der größere Theil, die [[Mehrzahl]], Xen. An. 1, 7, 20; u. c. gen., τὸ πολὺ τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ οὕτω ἐπείσθη, 1, 4, 13, wie Her. τῆς στρατιῆς ἀπάγων τὸ πολλόν, 8, 100; τῶν Ἀργείων τὸ πολὺ ἐσώθη, Thuc. 5, 73; τῆς δυνάμεως τῆς πολλῆς ἐστερήθησαν, des größten Theils, 1, 24; ἐς τὴν βασιλέως γῆν τὴν πολλήν, 2, 48, wie περιπλεῦσαι Ἀραβίαν τὴν πολλήν, Arr. An. 7, 1, 1; vgl. noch τῶν ὅπλων τὸ πολύ, Plat. Polit. 288 b; τὸ πολὺ [[μέρος]], der größere Theil, Pol. 3, 92, 11; τὸ πολὺ τῆς ἀποσκευῆς, 5, 5, 14; τὸ πολὺ τῆς βίας, 3, 43, 3; aber ohne Artikel ist πολὺ τοῦ στρατεύματος nur ein großer Theil, Xen. An. 4, 1, 11; – τὸ πολλόν, die große Menge, das Volk, Her. 1, 136; τὰ πολλά, das Meiste, Od. 2, 58. 17, 537; Hes. O. 37, u. oft im Att., nicht selten an die Bdtg πάντα hinanstreifend. – 4) Das neutr. πολύ, ion. πολλόν, auch der plur. πολλά werden häufig adverbial gebraucht; [[viel]], [[sehr]], Hom. u. Folgde überall; verstärkt [[μάλα]] πολλά, Hom., sowohl von der Menge, Anzahl, als der Größe u. innern Kraft, auch die mehrmalige Wiederholung derselben Handlung ausdrückend, [[vielmals]], oft, häufig, Il. 2, 798. 6, 2. 17, 430. 23, 116 Cd. 1, 1. 13, 29. 20, 218; Hes. O. 324; u. so kann man auch die Vrbdgn [[μάλα]] πολλὰ κελεύων, [[μάλα]] πόλλ' ἐπέτελλε, λισσομένη [[μάλα]] πολλά, εὐχόμενος [[μάλα]] πολλά u. dgl. eben so gut von oft wiederholtem, als von dringendem, heftigem Befehlen und Bitten verstehen; übrigens ist in den meisten hom. Stellen πολλά noch sehr leicht als wirklicher Objectsaccusativ zu dem dabeistehenden Verbum zu ziehen, ὃς [[μάλα]] πολλὰ πλάγχθη ist etwa = πολλὰ πλανήματα ἐπλάγχθη, u. diese Erklärung ist auch bei den folgenden Schriftstellern überall als die ursprüngliche Auffassungsweise festzuhalten, wenngleich die Uebersetzung sich oft mit dem einfachen Adverbium [[sehr]] begnügen muß, wie πολλὰ κάμπτονται, πολλὰ ζημιοῦνται, Plat. Theaet. 173 a Legg. XI, 916 d, mit vielfachen Krümmungen, mit vielen Strafen; vgl. noch πόλλ' ἀεκαζομένη, Il. 6, 458, ὅς τοι πόλλ' [[ὄφελος]] ἐγένετο, in vielen Fällen, 17, 152, πολλὸν ἀάσθη, 10, 113; vom Raume, groß, weit, Her. 1, 104. 6, 82; ὄπιθεν οὐ πολλόν, Pind. Ol. 11, 37; von der Zeit, la nge, Her. 4, 126. 6, 129; καταδαρθεῖν [[πάνυ]] πολύ, Plat. Conv. 223 b; bei weitem, um Vieles, gar sehr, Her. 1, 126. 140. 6, 158; so auch πολλοῦ, gar sehr, Ar. Nubb. 912; πολλοῦ [[πολύς]], πολλή, viel zu viel, Equ. 829 Nubb. 1057. – Bes. häufig steht πολύ beim compar. u. superl., [[viel]], [[sehr]], πολὺ κέρδιον, γλύκιον, Il. 17, 414. 18, 109, u. oft πολὺ [[μᾶλλον]], viel mehr, πολλὸν [[ἀμείνων]], weit, viel besser, 6, 479 u. oft; πολὺ μείζων, Aesch, Ag. 1155; πολὺ [[δεύτερος]], Soph. O. C. 1230; πολλὸν [[ἐχθίων]] ἔσει, Ant. 86; u. in Prosa: πολὺ μείζων [[κίνδυνος]], Plat. Prot. 314 a; πολὺ ἐν πλείονι ἀπορίᾳ [[εἰμί]], Crat. 413 c, u. oft, wie Xen. An. 1, 5, 2 u. oft; er setzt gern zwischen πολύ u. den compar. ein od. mehrere Wörter, Bornem. Conv. 1, 4, vgl. πολὺ σὺν φρονήματι μείζονι, An. 3, 1, 22. 3, 2, 30; u. ähnl. Thuc. 6, 86, πολὺ δὲ ἐπὶ ἀληθεστέραν γε σωτηρίαν; doch wird auch eben so πολλῷ [[μᾶλλον]] ὧδε ἔχει verbunden, Plat. Phaed. 80 e; πολλῷ μεῖζον, Polit. 274 e; Soph. O. R. 1159; Her. 1, 134; Xen. An. 2, 5, 32. 4, 5, 36; – πολλὸν [[ἄριστος]] Ἀχαιῶν, bei weitem der Beste, Il. 1, 91; πολὺ [[φίλτατος]], 4, 51; πολὺ πλεῖσται φάλαγγες, 15, 448; u. oft πολὺ [[πρῶτος]]; u. eben so in Prosa: Her. 5, 92, 3. 8, 42; πολὺ μεγίστη, Plat. Conv. 209 c; πολὺ κράτιστόν ἐστι, Phaedr. 228 c; Xen. An. 4, 2, 14 u. sonst; auch πολλῷ [[πρῶτος]], Soph. Ant. 1327. – Aehnlich bei vergleichenden adv. u. solchen Verbis, die eine Vergleichung ausdrücken, πολὺ [[πρίν]], Hom. oft, πολὺ πρό, Il. 4, 373, πολύ κε φθαίη, 13, 815; u. so bei [[προβαίνω]], [[προτρέχω]], [[προμάχομαι]], 6, 125. 11, 217; u. ähnlich auch ἡμῖν πολὺ βούλεται ἢ Δαναοῖσιν νίκην, 17, 331, vgl. Od. 17, 404, wo in [[βούλομαι]] der Begriff des Lieberwollens liegt. – Eben so bei διαφέρειν, ἀποστατεῖν u. ä. – Seltener tritt es bei den Attikern auch zum Positiv, um die Bdtg des Adjectivs zu verstärken, οἱ πολύ oder πολλὰ δυστυχεῖς, die in Vielem, die sehr Unglücklichen, Valck. Phoen. 624. – [[Ἐπὶπολύ]], [[weit]], z. B. ἄνειν, Plat. Crat. 415 a; ἐπὶ πολλόν, weit entfernt, Her. 2, 32; gew. ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολύ, meistentheils, gewöhnlich, in den allermeisten Dingen, zumeist, 1, 203. 2, 35. 5, 67, auch in einem Worte geschrieben; Plat. Polit. 294 e Rep. II, 377 b; Ggstz von καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον, Isocr. 4, 154; vgl. noch τὰ μὲν ἐπ' ὀλίγον, τὰ δ' ἐπὶ πολλά, Plat. Soph. 254 b; ὡς τὰ πολλά, meistentheils, Dem. 1, 11, wie ὡς τὸ πολύ, Luc. Hermot. 28; so auch das einfache τὰ πολλά, z. B. Plat. καὶ γὰρ τὰ πολλὰ Πρωταγόρας [[ἔνδον]] διατρίβει, Prot. 311 a; Phaed. 59 d; οἷα δὴ τὰ πολλὰ ἀεὶ μετ' ἐμοῦ ξένοι τινὲς ἕπονται, wie gewöhnlich folgen mir immer, Menex. 235 b; – [[παρὰ πολύ]], um vieles, beim compar. od. superl., Pol. 4, 21, 5; – [[ἐπὶ πολλῷ]], z. B. ῥᾳθυμεῖν, um einen theuern Preis, seine Trägheit theuer büßen müssen, Dem. 1, 15, wo man aus dem Zusammenhange leicht τόκῳ ergänzen kann; vgl. ἐπὶ πολλῷ γεγενῆσθαι, ib. 8, 53, u. [[δέδοικα]], μὴ λελήθαμεν ὥςπερ οἱ δανειζόμενοι ἐπὶ πολλῷ ἄγοτες, 19, 96. – Ueber die häufigen Zusammenstellungen wie πολλοὶ [[πολλάκις]], πολλοὶ [[πολλαχῆ]], f. Lob. paralipp. p. 56. – Den compar. u. superl. [[πλέων]], [[πλείων]] u. [[πλεῖστος]] s. oben bes. angeführt. – [Υ ist überall kurz, die epischen Formen πολέων, πολέας sind Il. 16, 635. 1, 559. 2, 4 Od. 3, 262 u. πολλέων immer zweisylbig zu lesen.]