μόνος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[alone]].<br />Other forms: ep. Ion. <b class="b3">μοῦνος</b>, Theoc. <b class="b3">μῶνος</b><br />Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μόν-(μούν-)αρχος</b> m. [[monarch]] with <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> etc. (Thgn., Pi., IA; cf. Scheller KZ 74, 233 n. 1).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">μονάς</b>, <b class="b3">μουνάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> adj. f. (also m. Schwyzer 507, Chantraine Form. 358) [[lonely]] Trag., AP), subst. f. [[unity]] (Pl.; Schwyzer 597) with <b class="b3">μοναδ-ιαῖος</b> [[of uniform greatness]] (Hero), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">consisting of unities, uniform, individual</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ιστί</b> adv. [[in unities]] (Nicom.), <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. [[formation of unity]] (Dam.). -- 2. <b class="b3">μοναχ-ῃ̃</b> (Pl., X.), <b class="b3">-ῶς</b> (Arist.) [[only in one way]], <b class="b3">-οῦ</b> (Pl., Thphr.) [[onl in one place]]; adj. <b class="b3">μοναχός</b> [[individual]] (Arist., Epicur.), also m. [[hermit]], [[monk]] (AP, Procop.), Lat. [[monachus]], with f. <b class="b3">μονάχ-ουσα</b> (Jerusalem VIp), adj. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a hermit, monkish</b> (Just., pap. VIp); subst. <b class="b3">μοναχισμός</b> [[monastic life]], cf. Leumann Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 304; <b class="b3">μοναχ-όω</b> [[get lonely]] (Aq.). -- 3. <b class="b3">μουνάξ</b> adv. [[lonely]], [[alone]] (Od., Arat.; to <b class="b3">μοναχοῦ</b> etc.?, Schwyzer 620), <b class="b3">μοναξία</b> [[lonelyness]] (sch., Eust.) from <b class="b3">*μοναξός</b> as <b class="b3">διξός</b> etc., PN <b class="b3">Μονάξιος</b> (Vp); Schulze KZ 33, 394f. = Kl. Schr. 313f., Schwyzer 598. -- 4. <b class="b3">μονιός</b>, <b class="b3">μούνιος</b> [[living alone]], [[wild]] (Call., AP ), <b class="b3">μονίας</b> m. [[lonely man]] (Ael.). -- 5. <b class="b3">μονία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[lonelyness]], [[celibate]] (Max.), <b class="b3">μονότης</b> f. [[unity]] (Sm., Iamb.), [[singularity]] (Alex. Aphr. in Metaph.). -- 6. <b class="b3">μουνόθεν</b> (Hdt. 1, 116; v. 1. <b class="b3">-οθέντα</b>), <b class="b3">μονά-δην</b> (A. D., EM), <b class="b3">μουνα-δόν</b> (Opp.) [[lonely]], [[alone]]. -- 7. Verbs: <b class="b3">μονόομαι</b> (<b class="b3">μουν-</b>), <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">be left alone, leave alone</b> (Il.; Wackernagel Unt. 122ff.) with <b class="b3">μόν-ωσις</b> [[lonelyness]] (Pl., Ph.), <b class="b3">-ώτης</b> m. = <b class="b3">μονίας</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b> <b class="b2">(left) alone</b> (Ph.); <b class="b3">μονάζω</b> [[stay alone]], [[isolate oneself]] (LXX, Christ. writers, gramm.) with <b class="b3">μονασμός</b> [[lonely situation]] (Eust.), <b class="b3">μοναστήριον</b> <b class="b2">cel of a hermit, cloister</b> (Ph., pap.), <b class="b3">μονάστρια</b> f. [[nun]] (Just.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [728] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[small]], [[alone]]<br />Etymology: Beside PGr. <b class="b3">*μόνϜος</b>, from where Ion. <b class="b3">μοῦνος</b>, Att. etc. <b class="b3">μόνος</b> (Kretschmer KZ 31, 444), stands, though in meaning a little apart, <b class="b3">*μανϜός</b> in <b class="b3">μανός</b>, <b class="b3">μανός</b> (s.v.) [[thin]], [[rare]], which agrees with Arm. [[manr]], gen. [[manu]] [[small]], [[thin]]. An element <b class="b2">-u̯o-</b> appears also in the synonymous <b class="b3">οἶϜος</b> (s. <b class="b3">οἶος</b>) and in <b class="b3">ὅλος</b> (s.v.) of related meaning; further <b class="b3">*μόνϜος</b> is isolated. A quite different formation with velar shows Skt. <b class="b2">manā́k</b> [[a little]], Lith. <b class="b2">meñkas</b> [[scanty]], Toch. B <b class="b2">meṅki</b> [[less]] a.o.; ambiguous is Hitt. <b class="b2">maninku-</b> [[short]], [[near]] (formation as Lat. [[prop-inquus]]? Duchesne-Guillemin Trans. Phil. Soc. 1946 p. 82f., Benveniste BSL 50, 41). On the occasional contact with the group of <b class="b3">μινύθω</b> s.v.; also WP. 2, 266 f. Pok. 728 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[minor]]. -- Improbable Hahn Lang. 18, 88.