πέλας: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: Adv.<br />Meaning: [[near]], [[nearby]] (Od.); <b class="b3">ὁ πέλας</b> <b class="b2">nearest one, neighbour, next one</b> (IA.). Beside it 1. the nasalpresent <b class="b3">πίλναμαι</b> (<b class="b3">πίλ-ν-α-μαι</b>), <b class="b3">-νάω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, [[to draw near]] (Il.; for the formation cf. <b class="b3">κίρνημι</b> s. <b class="b3">κεράννυ-μι</b>); 2. the athem. aor. <b class="b3">πλῆ-το</b> (Il.), with which <b class="b3">ἐπλά-θην</b> (trag. in lyr.), <b class="b3">πέ-πλη-μαι</b> (Od.), <b class="b3">πλά-θω</b> (trag. in lyr.); 3. the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aor. <b class="b3">πελά-σ(σ)αι</b> [[to draw near]], also [[to bring near]], midd. <b class="b3">-σασθαι</b>, pass. <b class="b3">-σθῆναι</b> (Il.), to which as new presents <b class="b3">πελάζω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἐμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b> (Ε 766), <b class="b3">πελάθω</b> (trag. in lyr.), <b class="b3">πελάω</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμ-</b> πέλας (h. Hom. 7, 44, hell.); fut. <b class="b3">πελῶ</b> (Att.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">πελά-της</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-τας</b> m. <b class="b2">one who comes near, serf, jobber</b> (trag., Pl.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 42), f. <b class="b3">-τις</b> (Plu.), with <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (D.H.); <b class="b3">ἐμπελά-τειρα</b> f. = <b class="b3">πελάτις</b> (Call., Euph.); 2. <b class="b3">πέλα-σις</b> f. (<b class="b3">ἐμ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>) [[approach]] (S.E., Procl.); 3. <b class="b3">ἄ-πλη-τος</b> (ep.), <b class="b3">ἄ-πλα-τος</b> (Dor., trag.) [[unapproachable]], [[appalling]]; 4. <b class="b3">πλᾶ-τις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιδος</b> f. [[wife]] (Ar., Lyc.); 5. <b class="b3">τειχεσι-πλῆτα</b> voc. surn. of Ares (Ε 31, 455; meaning unclear, cf. below and Fraenkel l.c.); 6. <b class="b3">πλήτης πλησιαστής</b> H. (from 5. concluded?). -- On [[δασπλῆτις]] s. v. -- Old adv. <b class="b3">πλησίον</b> (Il.), Aeol. <b class="b3">πλά-σιον</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">πλατίον</b> [[near]], beside which the adj. <b class="b3">πλησίος</b> [[standing nearby]], [[neighbouring]] (ep. ion. Il.); as 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">πλησιό-χωρος</b> [[neighbouring]] (IA.). From this <b class="b3">πλησι-ότης</b> f. [[neighbourhood]] (A. D.); <b class="b3">πλησι-άζω</b> (Dor. <b class="b3">πλατι-</b>) <b class="b2">to approach, to accompany, to associate with</b> (Att.) with <b class="b3">-ασμός</b>, <b class="b3">-ασμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ασις</b> (Arist.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [801] <b class="b2">*pelh₂-</b> [[push]]<br />Etymology: No certain agreement outside Greek. After Lobeck in Curtius 278 orig. "striking against (anstoßend)" (cf. <b class="b3">ἴκταρ</b> with several meaning parallels); further to Lat. [[pellō]] [[push]], Celt., e.g. OIr. [[ad-ella]] (< <b class="b2">*pel-nā-t</b> = Lat. [[appellat]]) [[visits]], fut. [[eblaid]] < <b class="b2">*pi-plā-seti</b> [[will drive]] (Froehde BB. 3, 308 resp. Vendryes MSL 16, 301 f.). Traces of this more concrete meaning can perh. still be found in expressions like <b class="b3">πέλασε χθονί</b> [[threw to the ground]], <b class="b3">ὀδύνησι πελάζειν</b> [[sink in sorrow]]; also in <b class="b3">τειχεσι-πλῆτα</b> as surn. of Ares ("wall-stormer ?). So <b class="b3">πέλας</b> as old nom. (- acc.; Schwyzer 516 n. 620) prop. "(first) push"; similar <b class="b3">πλατίον</b>, <b class="b3">πλησίον</b> lengthened from an adverbial <b class="b3">*πλα-τ-ι</b> (Schw. 621, 623)? The weakness of this in itself quite possible explanation lies in the absence of certain morphological criteria; the Celt. forms seem to agree in ablaut with the Greek ones (IE <b class="b2">*pelh₂-</b>, <b class="b2">plā-</b>); cf. OIr. [[adella]] [[visits]] and <b class="b3">πλησιάζει</b> [[associates with]]. Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 57f., Pok. 801 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[pellō]]. Vgl. [[πλήν]], [[πλήσσω]].