ἤδη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Adv.: <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[already]], [[by this time]], <b class="b3">νὺξ ἤ. τελέθει</b> 'tis [[already]] night, <span class="bibl">Il.7.282</span>; <b class="b3">ἤ. Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατ' ἐφῆπται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">402</span>: with numerals, ἤ. γὰρ τρίτον ἔτος <span class="bibl">Od.2.89</span>; τρίτην ἤ. ἡμέραν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 309d</span>; ἔτος τόδ' ἤ. δέκατον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>312</span>; <b class="b3">ἦν δ' ἦμαρ ἤ. δεύτερον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">354</span>; τελοῦντες ἕκτον ἕβδομόν τ' ἤ. δρόμον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>726</span>; ἤ. γὰρ πολὺς ἐκτέταται χρόνος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1402</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[forthwith]], [[immediately]], φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤ. Ἁργείους καὶ Τρῶας <span class="bibl">Il.3.98</span>; λέξον νῦν με τάχιστα, ὄφρα καὶ ἤδη . . ταρπώμεθα κοιμηθέντες <span class="bibl">Il.24.635</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.4.294</span>; ἤ. νῦν . . μεγάλ' εὔχεο <span class="bibl">Il.16.844</span>; <b class="b3">στείχοις ἂν ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>624</span>; <b class="b3">ἤδη . . στέλλεσθε</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>466</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ τοῦτ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>655</span>; <b class="b3">ἤ. ποτέ</b> [[now at length]], Mitteis <span class="title">Chr.</span>87.8 (ii A.D.); on the verso of a letter, <b class="b2">urgent, immediate, PCair. Zen</b>.154 (iii B.C.); ἤ. ἤ. ταχὺ ταχύ <span class="title">PMag.Osl.</span>1.319. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> opp. to the future or past, [[actually]], [[now]], <b class="b3">οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλ' ὕπαρ ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.20.90</span>; τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἤ., τοῖς δ' ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>614</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μὲν τάχ', οἱ δ' ἐσαῦθις, οἱ δ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>551</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ τάχ', ἀλλ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>527</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἤ. χάρις</b> [[present]] favour, <span class="bibl">D.23.134</span>; τὸ ἤ. κολάζειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of logical proximity, ἤ. γὰρ ἂν προστίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>201e</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐκ τούτων ἤ. συγκείμενα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">202b</span>; πᾶς ἤ. ἂν εὕροι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>398c</span>; ἃν σὺ ὁμολογήσῃς, ταῦτ' ἤ. ἐστὶν αὐτὰ τἀληθῆ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>486e</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτο τοὔπος δεινὸν ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>315</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ πάντα τὰ πράγματα διαφθείραντα ταῦτ' ἐστὶν ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.19.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">καὶ ἤ</b>. and [[further]], [[as well]], <b class="b3">ἐμέ τε καὶ σὲ καὶ τἆλλ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>159b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>1.53</span>,<span class="bibl">219</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> [[for instance]], Aen. Tact.<span class="bibl">4.1</span>, <span class="bibl">10.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b2">only then, then and not before</b>, τότ' ἤδη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>911</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc. 12.25</span>, <span class="title">Ep.</span>6.9; <b class="b3">ἐνταῦθ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.140</span>; κακοπαθοῦντες ἤ. τῶν λόγων ἅπτονται <span class="bibl">Th.1.78</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> with Sup., <b class="b3">ὦ πάντων ἀνδρῶν ἤ. μάλιστα . . κτησάμενε</b> [[up to this time]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.106</span>; μέγιστος ἤ. διάπλους <span class="bibl">Th.6.31</span>: with Comp., ἤδη . . λόγου μέζων <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.148</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> joined with other words of time, <b class="b3">ἤ. νῦν</b> [[now already]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.456</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1578</span>; <b class="b3">νῦν ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.23.54</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>801</span> (anap.); ἤ. ποτέ <span class="bibl">Il.1.260</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1142</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>346</span>; <b class="b3">ποτ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>50</span>; ἤ. πώποτε <span class="bibl">Eup.214</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>493d</span>; <b class="b3">πάλαι ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>510</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἤ. τότε</b> [[even then]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>417b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.4.260</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.22.52</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ τηνίκ' ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>440</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ λοιπὸν ἤ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>454</span>; ἄλλοτε ἤ. πολλάκις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>507a</span>; <b class="b3">ἤ. γε</b> even [[now]], <span class="bibl">D.19.52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of place, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ ταύτης ἤ. Αἴγυπτος</b> after this Egypt begins, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.15</span>,<span class="bibl">4.99</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1200</span>; Φωκεῦσιν ἤ. ὅμορος ἡ Βοιωτία ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Th.3.95</span>. (In general, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>222b7</span>.)</span><br /><span class="bld">ἤδη</span>, ἤδης, ἤδησθα, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> v. [[Εἴδω]]. ἥδιστος, ἡδίων, Sup. and Comp. of <b class="b3">ἡδύς</b>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">already, immediately, (exactly) now</b> (Il.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: From 1. <b class="b3">η῏</b> [[really]] and <b class="b3">δη</b> [[even]] (s. vv.). Schwyzer-Debrunner 563, Leumann Mus. Helv. 6 (1949) 87.