λείπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἔλειπον <span class="bibl">Il.19.288</span>, etc.: fut. λείψω <span class="bibl">18.11</span>: aor. 1 [[ἔλειψα]], part. λείψας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>965</span> (= <span class="bibl">Antiph.32</span>), elsewh. only late, <span class="bibl">Plb.12.15.12</span> (παρ-), <span class="bibl">Str.6.3.10</span> (παρ-), <span class="bibl">Ps.-Phoc.77</span> ([[ἀπ]]-), etc.; uncompounded, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>10.4, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Par.</span>42</span>, <span class="bibl">Ps.-Callisth.1.44</span> (cod. C); also in later Poets, <span class="bibl">Man.1.153</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>2.33</span>, and in Inscrr., <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>522.16 (Thessalonica), 314.27 (Smyrna), etc.: but correct writers normally use aor. 2 ἔλῐπον <span class="bibl">Il.2.35</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>984</span> (lyr.), etc.: pf. λέλοιπα <span class="bibl">Od.14.134</span>: plpf. [[ἐλελοίπειν]] (Att. -η) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.21</span>:—Med., in prop. sense chiefly in compds.: aor. 2 ἐλιπόμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.186</span>, <span class="bibl">2.40</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>169</span>, etc. (in pass. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.11.693</span>, al.):—Pass., fut. Med. in pass. sense λείψομαι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>200</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>.ά, <span class="bibl">48</span>; also λειφθήσομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1071</span>, [[λελείψομαι]] <span class="bibl">Il.24.742</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.105</span>, etc.: aor. ἐλείφθην, λείφθην <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.43</span>; Ep. 3pl. ἔλειφθεν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>195</span>: pf. λέλειμμαι <span class="bibl">Il.13.256</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.228</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>61a</span>, etc.: plpf. ἐλελείμμην <span class="bibl">Il.2.700</span>; Ep. λέλειπτο <span class="bibl">10.256</span>: Ep. aor. also ἔλειπτο <span class="bibl">A.R.1.45</span>, etc.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[leave]], [[quit]], [[Ἑλλάδα]], [[δώματα]], etc., <span class="bibl">Il.9.447</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.116</span>, etc.: with a neg., [σκόπελον] οὔ ποτε κύματα λείπει <span class="bibl">Il.2.396</span>; νιν… χιὼν οὐδαμὰ λ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>830</span> (lyr.); [[χερσὶν ὕπο Τρώων λείψειν φάος ἠελίοιο]], i.e. die, be killed, <span class="bibl">Il.18.11</span>; λ. τὸν βίον ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>872e</span>; [[λ. βίον]], [[βίοτον]], etc., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1444</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>226</span> (lyr.), etc.; αὐτόχειρι σφαγῇ λ. βίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>948</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> conversely, τὸν δ' ἔλιπε ψυχή <span class="bibl">Il.5.696</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.426</span>; τὸν… λίπε θυμός <span class="bibl">Il.4.470</span>; ἔπειτά με καὶ λίποι αἰών <span class="bibl">5.685</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.7.224</span>; λίπε δ' ὀστέα θυμός <span class="bibl">Il.16.743</span>; [[ψυχὴ δὲ λέλοιπεν]] (sc. [[ὀστέα]]) <span class="bibl">Od.14.134</span>; [[νῦν δ' ἤδη πάντα λέλοιπεν]] (sc. [[ἐμέ]]) ib.<span class="bibl">213</span>; in these two last passages some take it intr., [[is gone]], v. infr. ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[leave behind]], [[leave at home]], παιδὶ τὸν ἐν μεγάροισιν ἔλειπες <span class="bibl">Od.13.403</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.5.480</span>; especially of dying men, [[leave]] (as a [[legacy]]), Ἀτρεὺς δὲ θνῄσκων ἔλιπεν πολύαρνι Θυέστῃ [τὸσκῆπτρον] <span class="bibl">2.106</span>; πατέρι γόον καὶ κήδεα λυγρά <span class="bibl">5.157</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>973</span>; [[παῖδα ὀρφανὸν λ]]. ib.<span class="bibl">653</span>; [[λ. ἄρρενας]], [[θυγατέρας]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>923e</span>, <span class="bibl">924e</span>; λ. εὔκλειαν ἐν δόμοισι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>348</span> (lyr.):—also in Med., [[leave behind one]] (as a memorial to posterity), μνημόσυνον λιπέσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.186</span>, <span class="bibl">6.109</span>, al.; λιπέσθαι τιμωρούς <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">HF</span>169</span>; διαδόχους ἐμαυτῷ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Aem.</span>36</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[leave standing]], [[leave remaining]], [[spare]], οἰκίαν οὐδεμίαν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.4.1</span>; μηδένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>567b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[leave]], [[forsake]], <span class="bibl">Il.17.13</span>, etc.; λ. τινὰ χαμαί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.45</span>; εὕδοντα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>273</span>; [[τὴν αὑτοῦ φύσιν λ]]. ib.<span class="bibl">903</span>; λ. τὴν τάξιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>29a</span>, etc.; [[λ. ἐράνους]] [[fail in paying]]... <span class="bibl">D.27.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">25.22</span>; [[λ. δασμόν]], [[φοράν]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">34</span>; [[λ. μαρτυρίαν]], [[ὅρκον]], [[fail in]]... <span class="bibl">D.49.19</span>, <span class="bibl">59.60</span>, [[λείπω δίκην]] = [[allow the trial to go by default]], <span class="title">SIG</span>134b24 (Milet., iv B.C.); [[λοιβὰς… οὐ λίπε]] [[neglected]] them not, <span class="title">IG</span>3.1337.8. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> conversely, [[λίπον ἰοὶ ἄνακτα]] they [[failed]] him, <span class="bibl">Od.22.119</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Math., [[lose]] or [[drop]] something, i.e. have something subtracted from it, τὸ KP [[λιπὸν τὸ]] BO the area KP [[minus]] the area BO, Apollon.Perg.3.12, cf. Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span> 10.4, al., <span class="bibl">Dioph.2.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> intr., to [[be gone]], [[depart]], Epigr.Gr.149.2 (Rhenea); v. supr. 1.1b. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be wanting]] or [[be missing]], οὔ τί πω ἔλιπεν ἐκ τοῦδ' οἴκου… αἰκία <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>514</span> (lyr.); οὔποτ' ἔρις λείψει κατὰ πόλεις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1157</span> (lyr.); τὸ κακοτυχὲς οὐ λέλοιπεν ἐκ τέκνων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span> 133</span> (lyr.); [[λείπουσιν αἱ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς [τρίχες]]] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>518a24</span>; ἔτι ἕν σοι λείπει <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>18.22</span>; [[τί λείπει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων αὐταῖς]]; <span class="bibl">Plb.10.18.8</span>; [[τί γάρ σοι λείπει]]; <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.22.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.64</span>; [[[εἰς τὴν προκειμένην πραγματείαν] τὸ ὑφ' οὗ γίνεται… μὴ ῥηθὲν οὐ λείπει]] [[is]] not [[needed]], <span class="bibl">Marcellin.<span class="title">Puls.</span>69</span>: c. inf., [[λείπει μὲν οὐδ' ἃ πρόσθεν ἤδεμεν τὸ μὴ οὐ βαρύστον' εἶναι]] [[nihil absunt quin]]... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1232</span>: so c. gen., βραχὺ λείπει τοῦ μὴ συνάπτειν <span class="bibl">Plb.2.14.6</span>, etc.; [[πρότασις τῆς προειρημένης λείπουσα ὑποθέσει]] = [[a proposition containing less in the hypothesis than that aforesaid]], <span class="bibl">Papp.648.1</span>: freq. with numerals, κεφάλαιον γίγνεται μικροῦ λείποντος πέντε καὶ δέκα τάλαντα <span class="bibl">Lys.19.43</span>; οὐ πολὺ λεῖπον τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Plb.12.16.13</span>; τριήρεις πέντε λείπουσαι τῶν ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι <span class="bibl">D.S.13.14</span>: generally, παντὸς μὲν οὖν λείπει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>728a</span>; [[ὁ λιπών]] ib.<span class="bibl">759e</span>; [[τὸ λεῖπον]] [[what is lacking]], <span class="bibl">Plb.4.38.9</span>, etc.; esp. Gramm., to [[be incomplete]], of a phrase, λειπούσης τῆς φράσεως <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>159.28</span>, al.; to [[be wanting]], [[omitted]], λείποντος τοῦ καί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Conj.</span>225.24</span>: also c. dat., λείπει ἡ κεῖνος φωνὴ τῷ ε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Adv.</span>147.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of the moon, to [[be invisible]] (cf. [[λειψιφαής]]), <span class="bibl">Plot.2.3.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[λείποντα εἴδη]], in Algebra, = [[λείψεις]], [[negative]] terms, <span class="bibl">Dioph.1</span><span class="title">Def.</span>10. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Pass., to [[be left]], [[left behind]], ἄλοχος Φυλάκῃ ἐλέλειπτο <span class="bibl">Il.2.700</span>; οἱ δ' οἶοι λείπονται <span class="bibl">Od.22.250</span>, etc.; also [[ὀπίσσω]], [[μετόπισθε]], [[κατόπισθε]] λείπω, <span class="bibl">Il.3.160</span>, <span class="bibl">22.334</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.116</span>; [[παῖδες… μετόπισθε λελειμμένοι]] [[left behind]] in Troy, <span class="bibl">Il.24.687</span>; μόνα… νὼ λελειμμένα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>58</span>, etc.; [[τὸ λειπόμενον βίου]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[βιοτᾶς]]) <span class="bibl">Ariphron 1</span> (= <span class="title">IG</span>3.171). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Math., to [[be subtracted]]: τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΦ λειφθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΑ ποιεῖ... the square on ΔΦ [[subtract]]ed from the square on ΔΑ gives... Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span> 10.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[remain]], [[remain over and above]], τριτάτη δ' ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται <span class="bibl">Il.10.253</span>; ἐμοὶ δὲ λελείψεται ἄλγεα λυγρά <span class="bibl">24.742</span>; ὀλίγων σφι ἡμερέων λείπεται σιτία <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.45</span>; ὃ πᾶσι λ. βροτοῖς… ἐλπίς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>681</span>; αὐτόνομοι ἐλείφθημεν <span class="bibl">Th.3.11</span>; ἕως ἄν τι λείπηται <span class="bibl">Id.8.81</span>: impers., [[λείπεται]] [[it remains]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>157e</span>: c.acc. et inf., πεπληρῶσθαί με <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>235c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[remain alive]], πολλοὶ δὲ λίποντο <span class="bibl">Od.4.495</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>480</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> c. gen., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> to [[be left without]], to [[be forsaken of]], κτεάνων λειφθεὶς καὶ φίλων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>2.11</span>; σοῦ λελειμμένη <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>548</span>; but [[στρατὸν λελειμμένον δορός]] = [[which has been left by the spear]], i.e. not slain, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>517</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be left behind in a race]], <span class="bibl">Il. 23.407</span>, <span class="bibl">409</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.125</span>; [[λελειμμένος οἰῶν]] = [[lingering behind]] the sheep, <span class="bibl">9.448</span>; λείπετ'… Μενελάου δουρὸς ἐρωήν = he was [[left]] a spear's throw [[behind]] Menelaus, <span class="bibl">Il.23.529</span>; [[ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο]] he [[had been left behind]] as much as a quoit's throw, ib.<span class="bibl">523</span>; κίρκοι πελειῶν οὐ μακρὰν λελειμμένοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>857</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1244</span>; [[τοῦ κήρυκος μὴ λείπεσθαι]] = [[not to lag behind the herald]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.131</span>; but [[ἀπό τινος]] to [[be left behind by one]], <span class="bibl">Il.9.437</span>, <span class="bibl">445</span>; [[λ. βασιλέος]] or [[ἀπὸ βασιλέος]] [[by]] the king, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.113</span>, <span class="bibl">9.66</span>; [[λείπεσθαι τοῦ καιροῦ]] = to [[be behind time]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.29</span>; τῆς ναυμαχίης Id.7.168; τῆς ἐξόδου Id.9.19; but, λείπου μηδὲ σύ, παρθέν', ἀπ' οἴκων [[fail]] not [to come] from the house, i.e. follow us, dub. in <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Tr.</span>1275</span> (anap.): abs., to [[be left behind]], [[be absent]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.229</span>, <span class="bibl">8.44</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[come short of]], [[be inferior to]], τινος, like [[ἐλαττοῦσθαι, ἡττᾶσθαι, ὑστερεῖσθαί τινος]], because the Verb has a comp. sense, <span class="bibl">Id.7.48</span>, etc.; [[οὐκ ἔσθ' ὁποίας λείπεται τόδ' ἡδονῆς]] [[falls short of]]... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>138.3</span>; [[λείπεσθαί τινος ἔς τι]] or [[ἔν τινι]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.99</span>, <span class="bibl">7.8</span>. ά (v. infr. <span class="bibl">4</span>); περί τι <span class="bibl">Plb.6.52.8</span>; πρός τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>266</span>; καμήλους ταχυτῆτι οὐ λειπομένας ἵππων <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.86</span>; ξύνεσιν οὐδενὸς λ. <span class="bibl">Th.6.72</span>; πλήθει λ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.4.24</span>; πλήθει ἡμῶν λειφθέντες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.31</span>; [[οὐδ' ἔτι θηρὸς ἐλείπετο δερκομένοισιν]], i.e. resembled... Epic.in <span class="title">Arch.Pap.</span>7p.4: also c. gen. rei, λειφθῆναι μάχης <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>732</span>; οὐδὲν σοῦ ξίφους λελείψομαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>1041</span>: Math., [[τὸ ἐγγραφὲν τοῦ περιγραφέντος ἐλάσσονι λείπεται]] the inscribed figure [[falls short of]] the circumscribed by less than... <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Con.Sph.</span>21</span>: also c. dat. rei, λειφθῆναι μάχῃ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>344</span>: c. part., οὐδὲν ἐμοῦ λείπει γιγνώσκων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>18.5</span>; [[λέλειψαι τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων]] [[you come short of]], [[understand not]] my plans, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1085</span>; λέλειμμαι τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησιν νόμων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1246</span>: abs., to [[be defeated]], <span class="bibl">Plb.1.62.6</span>; ὑπό τινος <span class="title">AP</span>11.224 (Antip.); [[λείπεσθαι ἐν [τῇ ἀγορανομίᾳ]]], Lat. [[repulsam ferre]], <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Mar.</span>5</span>, etc.: abs., in part., [[ἄνδρας λελειμμένους]] [[inferior]] men, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 37</span>; also, λειπόμενοι [[the poor]], IG14.1839.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be wanting]] or [[be lacking in]] a thing, [[fail of]] or [[in]], c. gen., ὀδυρμάτων ἐλείπετ' οὐδέν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 937</span>; γνώμας λειπομένα σοφᾶς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>474</span> (lyr.); λελειμμένη τέκνων <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ion</span>680</span>; [[λελ. λόγου]] [[failing to heed]] my word, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>543</span>; [[μῆνας ἓξ… λειπόμενος]] (sc. [[τῶν εἴκοσι ἐτῶν]]) <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>519 (Thessalonica); also, λ. ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι μηδ' ὁρᾶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>495</span>; v. supr.<span class="bibl">3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> to [[be in need of]], τῆς σῆς βοηθείας <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>289.28</span>. (I.-E. [[leiqu̯]]-, cf. Lat. [[li-n-quo]], Skt. [[ric]]-, pres. 3sg. [[ri-ṇa-k-ti]] 'leaves', etc.)</span>