μόνος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[alone]].<br />Other forms: ep. Ion. [[μοῦνος]], Theoc. [[μῶνος]]<br />Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μόν-(μούν-)αρχος</b> m. [[monarch]] with <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> etc. (Thgn., Pi., IA; cf. Scheller KZ 74, 233 n. 1).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[μονάς]], [[μουνάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> adj. f. (also m. Schwyzer 507, Chantraine Form. 358) [[lonely]] Trag., AP), subst. f. [[unity]] (Pl.; Schwyzer 597) with <b class="b3">μοναδ-ιαῖος</b> [[of uniform greatness]] (Hero), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[consisting of unities]], [[uniform]], [[individual]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ιστί</b> adv. [[in unities]] (Nicom.), <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. [[formation of unity]] (Dam.). -- 2. <b class="b3">μοναχ-ῃ̃</b> (Pl., X.), <b class="b3">-ῶς</b> (Arist.) [[only in one way]], <b class="b3">-οῦ</b> (Pl., Thphr.) [[onl in one place]]; adj. [[μοναχός]] [[individual]] (Arist., Epicur.), also m. [[hermit]], [[monk]] (AP, Procop.), Lat. [[monachus]], with f. <b class="b3">μονάχ-ουσα</b> (Jerusalem VIp), adj. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to a hermit]], [[monkish]] (Just., pap. VIp); subst. [[μοναχισμός]] [[monastic life]], cf. Leumann Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 304; <b class="b3">μοναχ-όω</b> [[get lonely]] (Aq.). -- 3. [[μουνάξ]] adv. [[lonely]], [[alone]] (Od., Arat.; to [[μοναχοῦ]] etc.?, Schwyzer 620), [[μοναξία]] [[lonelyness]] (sch., Eust.) from <b class="b3">*μοναξός</b> as [[διξός]] etc., PN [[Μονάξιος]] (Vp); Schulze KZ 33, 394f. = Kl. Schr. 313f., Schwyzer 598. -- 4. [[μονιός]], [[μούνιος]] [[living alone]], [[wild]] (Call., AP ), [[μονίας]] m. [[lonely man]] (Ael.). -- 5. [[μονία]], <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[lonelyness]], [[celibate]] (Max.), [[μονότης]] f. [[unity]] (Sm., Iamb.), [[singularity]] (Alex. Aphr. in Metaph.). -- 6. [[μουνόθεν]] (Hdt. 1, 116; v. 1. <b class="b3">-οθέντα</b>), <b class="b3">μονά-δην</b> (A. D., EM), <b class="b3">μουνα-δόν</b> (Opp.) [[lonely]], [[alone]]. -- 7. Verbs: [[μονόομαι]] (<b class="b3">μουν-</b>), <b class="b3">-όω</b> [[be left alone]], [[leave alone]] (Il.; Wackernagel Unt. 122ff.) with <b class="b3">μόν-ωσις</b> [[lonelyness]] (Pl., Ph.), <b class="b3">-ώτης</b> m. = [[μονίας]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b> <b class="b2">(left) alone</b> (Ph.); [[μονάζω]] [[stay alone]], [[isolate oneself]] (LXX, Christ. writers, gramm.) with [[μονασμός]] [[lonely situation]] (Eust.), [[μοναστήριον]] [[cel of a hermit]], [[cloister]] (Ph., pap.), [[μονάστρια]] f. [[nun]] (Just.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [728] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[small]], [[alone]]<br />Etymology: Beside PGr. <b class="b3">*μόνϜος</b>, from where Ion. [[μοῦνος]], Att. etc. [[μόνος]] (Kretschmer KZ 31, 444), stands, though in meaning a little apart, <b class="b3">*μανϜός</b> in [[μανός]], [[μανός]] (s.v.) [[thin]], [[rare]], which agrees with Arm. [[manr]], gen. [[manu]] [[small]], [[thin]]. An element <b class="b2">-u̯o-</b> appears also in the synonymous [[οἶϜος]] (s. [[οἶος]]) and in [[ὅλος]] (s.v.) of related meaning; further <b class="b3">*μόνϜος</b> is isolated. A quite different formation with velar shows Skt. <b class="b2">manā́k</b> [[a little]], Lith. <b class="b2">meñkas</b> [[scanty]], Toch. B <b class="b2">meṅki</b> [[less]] a.o.; ambiguous is Hitt. <b class="b2">maninku-</b> [[short]], [[near]] (formation as Lat. [[prop-inquus]]? Duchesne-Guillemin Trans. Phil. Soc. 1946 p. 82f., Benveniste BSL 50, 41). On the occasional contact with the group of [[μινύθω]] s.v.; also WP. 2, 266 f. Pok. 728 f., W.-Hofmann s. [[minor]]. -- Improbable Hahn Lang. 18, 88.