ἀρήν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(nom. only in Inscrr., <span class="title">IG</span>1.4, 11.154<span class="hiitalic">A</span>11 (Delos, iii B. C.), <span class="title">SIG</span>1027.9 (Cos), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ϝαρήν <span class="title">GDI</span>4964.2 (Gortyn)); also ἄρης <span class="title">PGurob.</span> 22.40,42 (iii B.C.), and ἄρνον ib.3, al.; acc. [[ἄρνα]], gen. [[ἀρνός]], dat. [[ἀρνί]], dual. [[ἄρνε]]: pl. [[ἄρνες]], [[ἄρνας]], [[ἀρνῶν]], dat. ἀρνάσι <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>3.8.10</span>, Ep. [[ἄρνεσσι]]: —[[lamb]] (under a year old, <span class="bibl">Max.515</span>, Istrosap.<span class="bibl">Eust.1672.12</span>); ἀ. πρωτογόνων <span class="bibl">Il.4.102</span>, etc.; γαλαθηνῶν <span class="bibl">Crates Com.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sheep]] of either sex, ἄρν' ἕτερον λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαιναν <span class="bibl">Il.3.103</span>; ἄρνες κεραοί <span class="bibl">Od. 4.85</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> in plural, [[stunt]]ed [[ear]]s of [[wheat]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>8.7.5</span>. (Skt. [[úrā]] '[[sheep]]', úraṇas '[[ram]]', '[[lamb]]', urabhras 'ram', Arm. <b class="b2">gaṙn</b> '[[lamb]]'; cf. <b class="b3">-ϝρην</b> in [[πολύρρην]].) </span>

|etymtx=ἀρνός<br />Grammatical information: m. f.<br />Meaning: [[sheep]], [[lamb]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Nom. [[ῥήν]] A. R. 4, 1497, from the compounds; <b class="b3">ῥᾶνα· ἄρνα</b> prob. Elean.<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[wereneja]] /[[wreneja]]/ in a list of leather goods; [[woroneia]] /[[worneja]]/; [[waniko]] /[[warniskos]]/, found as a PN in class. lg. In Gortyn [[Ϝαρήν]].<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">πολύ-ρρην</b> < <b class="b3">*πολύ-Ϝρην</b> < <b class="b2">*urh₁-n-</b>.<br />Derivatives: [[ἄρνειος]] [[of a sheep or lamb]] (Hdt.), like [[αἴγειος]], [[βόειος]] (Chantr. Form, 50f.); - [[ἀρνακίς]] [[sheepskin]] (Ar.), haplol. fem. of <b class="b3">*ἀρνό-νακος</b>? - Uncertain [[ἀρνειός]], [[ἀρνευτήρ]] (s. v.). <b class="b3">βάννεια· τὰ ἄρνεια</b>, <b class="b3">καὶ τὰ βάννιμα τὸ αὐτὸ</b> H. (cf. Chantr. Form. 61). Popular [[ἄριχα]] (acc.) <b class="b3">ἄρρεν πρόβατον</b> H., [[βάριχοι]] (= <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) [[ἄρνες]] H. (Chantr. Form. 403; the absence of the nasal is unexplained), confirmed by PN [[Ϝαριχος]] Tarente.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1170] <b class="b2">*urh₁-en-</b> [[lamb]]<br />Etymology: [[ἀρήν]] < [[Ϝαρήν]] agrees with Arm. [[garn]], <b class="b2">-in</b> (<b class="b2">n-</b>Stamm) [[lamb]]. Skt. <b class="b2">úraṇ-a-</b> continues <b class="b2">*ur̥h₁-en-</b> m. <b class="b2">id.</b>; cf. MPers. [[varak]] [[ram]]. The original inflection was <b class="b2">*urh₁-ēn</b>, <b class="b2">*urh₁-en-m</b>, <b class="b2">*urh₁-n-os</b> > <b class="b3">*Ϝαρ-ην</b>, <b class="b3">*Ϝαρ-εν-α</b>, <b class="b3">*Ϝρη-ν-ος</b>; so <b class="b3">Ϝαρ-ν-</b> is due to a reshaping. Not to [[εἶρος]] [[wool]] which is from <b class="b3">*ϜέρϜος</b>, nor to Lat. [[vervēx]].