τέσσαρες: Difference between revisions

|Definition=οἱ, αἱ<b class="b3">, τέσσαρα, τά</b>, gen. ων: dat. [[τέσσαρσι]] (ν) <span class="bibl">Th.2.21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>12.4</span>, etc.; poet. τέτρᾰσι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>188</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.68</span>, al., and in late Prose, as <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jd.</span>9.34</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.13.1.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Meth.</span>29</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr.<span class="title">in Top.</span>208.12</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">in Sens.</span>54.18</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>10.1126.9</span> (iii A.D.), [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>11.5</span> (cod. D), and in good codd. of <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">IA</span>704a11</span>, al., <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>19, etc.; also τέταρσι <span class="title">SIG</span>729.3 (Delph., i B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1028.10</span> (i A.D.):—Att. τέττᾰρες, [[τέττᾰρα]], dat. τέτταρσιν <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.3</span>; also [[τάρων]] (v. [[τάρες]]) for [[τεττάρων]]; Phocian dat. τεττάροις <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).32.78 (Stiris, ii B.C.):—Ion. and later Gr. τέσσερες, [[τέσσερα]], <span class="title">SIG</span>57.25 (Milet., v B.C.), <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 289.120 (Rhodian, ii B.C.), etc. (dat. τέσσερσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.41</span>, τεσσέρασιν <span class="title">SIG</span>633.98 (Milet., ii B.C.)), but [[τέσσαρες]] in Hom., and <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>707 <span class="title">B</span> 4 (Ephesus, vi B.C.), etc.: codd. of [[LXX]] have [[τέσσαρες]] (nom. and acc.), [[τεσσάρων]], [[τέσσαρσι]], but <b class="b3">τέσσερα (ς), τεσσεράκοντα</b>; since however [[τέσσερα]] (ς) and [[τεσσεράκοντα]], apart from Ion., are not common in Papyri before ii A.D., the [[LXX]] autographs prob. had [[τέσσαρα]] (ς) and [[τεσσαράκοντα]]; the form [[τέσσερα]] (ς) is here due to avoidance by the copyists of the sequence <b class="b3">ε-α-α</b>:—Dor. τέτορες, [[τέτορα]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span> 698</span>, <span class="bibl">Phoc.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Simon.91</span>, <span class="bibl">Epich.149</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>240<span class="title">I</span>8 (Delph., iv B.C.), al., <span class="bibl">Theoc.14.16</span>:—Ep. (prob. Aeol.) πίσῠρες [ῐ] <span class="bibl">Od.5.70</span>, <span class="bibl">16.249</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R. 2.1110</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>182</span>; acc. πίσῠρας <span class="bibl">Od.22.111</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.680</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span> 105</span>, <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.360.26 (Pergam., ii A.D.); gen. πισύρων <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Isid.</span>290</span> (metrical?), prob. in Hsch.; dat. <b class="b3">πισύρεσσι, πισύροισι, -ῃσι, -αις</b>, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>16.119</span>, <span class="bibl">38.176</span>, <span class="bibl">236</span>, <span class="bibl">39.377</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>14.7.4: Aeol. also πέσῠρες, neut. πέσῠρα <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>988.6 (Balbilla); and πέσσῠρες, πέσσῠρα, Hsch.:—Boeot. πέττᾰρες, α ([[quod vide|q.v.]]):—[[four]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.335</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">διὰ τεττάρων</b> the musical interval of [[the fourth]], <span class="bibl">Damox.2.55</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ τέσσαρα</b> [[the four simple bodies]] of Empedocles, <span class="bibl">Plot.6.2.2</span>; [[the four kinds of quality]] or four Aristotelian senses of [[ποιόν]], <span class="bibl">Id.6.1.10</span>; [[the four cardinal principles]] of Epicurus (cf. [[τετραφάρμακος]]), Phld.<span class="title">Herc.</span>1251.11. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">catvā´ras</b> (acc. [[catúras]]), Lat. [[quattuor]], Lith. [[keturì]], etc.: I.-E. <b class="b2">qu̯etu̯or</b>-.)