truncus: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>truncus</b>: a, um,<br /><b>I</b> adj [[root]] tark-, truc-, to [[break]], [[tear]]; cf. [[torqueo]], [[maimed]], [[mutilated]], [[mangled]], dismembered, disfigured, deprived of [[some]] of its parts ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and perh. not [[ante]]-Aug.; syn.: [[mutilus]], [[mancus]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: trunca manu [[pinus]] regit (Polyphemum), i. e. the [[trunk]] of a pinetree, Verg. A. 3, 659: trunca [[illa]] et retorrida [[manus]] Mucii, Sen. Ep. 66, 51: nemora, i. e. trees stripped of [[their]] branches, Stat. Th. 4, 455: truncas mhonesto vulnere [[nares]], Verg. A. 6, 497: [[vultus]] naribus auribusque, Mart. 2, 83, 3: [[frons]], deprived of its [[horn]], Ov. M. 9, 1; 9, 86; Sil. 3, 42: frontem lumina truncam, deprived of its eyes, id. 9, 400: bracchia non habuit, truncoque [[repandus]] in undas Corpore desiluit, deprived of its limbs, Ov. M. 3, 680; cf. Just. 2, 9, 19: puerum trunci corporis in agro Romano natum, Liv. 41, 9, 5: [[varie]] ex integris truncos gigni, ex truncis integros, Plin. 7, 11, 10, § 50: [[tela]], i.e. [[broken]] in pieces, Verg. A. 11, 9; cf.: trunci enses et fractae hastae, Stat. Th. 2, 711: truncum [[lignum]], i. e. [[hasta]] fracta, Val. Fl. 6, 251: membra carmae, Ov M. 11, 560; cf. [[alnus]], [[without]] oars, Val. Fl. 2, 300: truncae [[atque]] mutilae litterae, Gell. 17, 9, 12: [[exta]], Val. Max. 1, 6, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poet., [[with]] gen.: animalia trunca [[pedum]], [[without]] feet, Verg. G. 4, 310: [[truncus]] capitis, Sil 10, 311.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of things, not developed, [[imperfect]], or [[wanting]] in [[their]] parts: quaedam imperfecta (animalia) suisque Trunca vident numeris, Ov. M. 1, 428: ranae pedibus, id. ib. 15, 376: [[ipse]] ([[nanus]]) jactabat truncas [[manus]], Prop. 4 (5), 8, 42—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of members [[cut]] [[off]]: bracchia, Val. Fl. 4, 181: [[manus]], Sen. Contr 1, 4.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[maimed]], [[mutilated]]: ([[Capua]]) [[urbs]] trunca, [[sine]] senatu, [[sine]] plebe, [[sine]] magistratibus, Liv. 31, 29, 11: [[pecus]], [[without]] a [[leader]], Stat. Th. 5, 333: [[manus]] [[vero]], [[sine]] quibus trunca esset [[actio]] ac [[debilis]], vix dici potest, [[quot]] [[motus]] habeant, Quint. 11, 3, 85: trunca et [[debilis]] [[medicina]] ([[sine]] rerum naturae cognitione), Cels. praef.: [[sermo]] (volucrum), Stat. Th. 12, 478: trunca quaedam ex Menandro, fragments, Gell. 2, 23, 21.—Hence, subst.:><br /><b>truncus</b>: i, m.,<br /><b>I</b> the [[stem]], [[stock]], [[bole]], or [[trunk]] of a [[tree]] ([[without]] [[regard]] to its branches).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[cibus]] ... Per truncos ac per ramos diffunditur omnes, Lucr. 1, 353: [[quid]]? in arboribus, in quibus non [[truncus]], non rami, non folia sunt [[denique]], [[nisi]], etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 179; cf. id. Sen. 15, 52; id. N. D. 2, 47, 120; id. Lael. 13, 48; Caes. B. G. 4, 17; 7, 73, Verg. G. 2, 78; 3, 233; Hor S. 1, 8, 1; id. C. 2, 17, 27; 3, 4, 55; Ov. M. 2, 358; 8, 346; id. H. 9, 93; Col. Arb. 17, 1; Sen. Ep. 86, 17.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of the [[human]] [[body]], the [[trunk]], the [[body]], [[apart]] from the limbs: [[status]] [[erectus]] et [[celsus]], nullā mollitiā cervicum: [[trunco]] [[magis]] toto se [[ipse]] moderans, Cic. Or. 18, 59: [[nemo]] illum ex [[trunco]] corporis spectabat, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28: [[recto]] pugnat se attollere [[trunco]], Ov. M. 2, 822; cf. id. ib. 7, 640: et [[caput]] abscisum calido viventeque [[trunco]], Lucr. 3, 654: jacet litore [[truncus]]. Verg. A. 2, 557.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of a [[column]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[shaft]], Vitr. 4, 1 med.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[cubical]] [[trunk]] of a [[pedestal]], the [[die]] or dado, Vitr. 3, 3; cf. Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[piece]] [[cut]] [[off]], as a [[branch]] of a [[tree]] for an [[our]]: frondentes, Val. Fl. 8, 287; a [[piece]] of [[flesh]] for smoking (cf. [[trunculus]]), Verg. M. 57.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Like [[caudex]], [[stipes]], and the Engl. [[stock]], for [[blockhead]], [[dunce]], [[dolt]]: quī potest esse in ejusmodi [[trunco]] [[sapientia]]? Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 84: [[tamquam]] [[truncus]] [[atque]] [[stipes]], id. Pis. 9, 19. —*<br /><b>II</b> Trop., a [[trunk]], [[stem]]: quae ([[stirpes]] aegritudinis) ipso [[trunco]] everso omnes eligendae (elidendae, Kühn.) sunt, Cic. Tusc. 3, 34, 83.

{{Georges

|georg=(1) [[truncus]]¹, a, um, verstümmelt, eines od. mehrerer Teile beraubt, gestutzt, I) eig.: [[corpus]], Catull., Liv. u. Sen. rhet. (u. so [[truncum]] [[corpus]] dempto od. absciso capite, [[ein]] [[Rumpf]] [[ohne]] [[Kopf]], Curt. u. Tac.): [[homo]], Iustin.: trunca [[illa]] et retorrida [[manus]] Mucii (Scaevolae), Sen. ep. 66, 51: truncae [[inhonesto]] vulnere [[nares]], Verg.: [[frons]] (Acheloi [[amnis]]), [[des]] Hornes beraubt, Ov.: [[tela]], zerbrochen, Verg.: [[pinus]], Verg.: [[litterae]], Gell.: m. Genet., animalia trunca [[pedum]], der F. beraubt, Verg. georg. 4, 310: [[truncus]] capitis, Sil. 10, 310. – II) übtr.: a) gleichs. verstümmelt, [[urbs]] trunca, [[sine]] senatu etc., Liv.: [[pecus]], das [[Vieh]], das [[des]] Ochsen, [[als]] seines Führers, beraubt ist, Stat.: [[actio]], Quint.: trunca quaedam, Fragmente, Gell.: [[sermo]], [[undeutlich]], Stat.: [[versus]] mutili [[vel]] trunci = ἀκέφαλοι Diom. 500, 5. – b) gleichs. verstümmelt, gestutzt, d.i. so [[klein]], [[als]] ob es gestutzt wäre, [[manus]] (eines Zwerges), Prop. 4, 8, 42. – c) abgehauen, abgeschnitten, [[manus]], Sen. contr. 1, 4, 3 (versch. v. [[oben]] no. I): brachia, Val. Flacc. 4, 181.<br />'''(2)''' [[truncus]]², ī, m., der [[Stamm]] eines Baumes, [[ohne]] [[Rücksicht]] [[auf]] die Äste, I) eig., meton. u. bildl.: 1) eig. u. meton.: a) eig.: arborum trunci, Caes.: arborum trunci fragmentaque ramorum, Liv.: [[quid]]? in arboribus, in quibus [[non]] [[truncus]], [[non]] rami, [[non]] [[folia]] sunt deniqne, [[nisi]] etc., Cic.: trunci induti hostilibus armis, i.e. tropaea, Verg. – b) meton., der [[Stamm]] = der [[Baum]], Hor. u. Val. Flacc. – 2) bildl., der [[Stamm]], ipso [[trunco]] (aegritudinis) [[everso]], Cic. Tusc. 3, 83. – II) übtr.; 1) [[als]] t.t. der Archit., der [[Schaft]] der [[Säule]], Vitr. 3, 3, 5; 4, 1, 7, – 2) v. menschlichen [[Körper]] = der [[Rumpf]], a) im Ggstz. zu den übrigen Gliedern, Cic. u. Ov.: [[truncus]] Hermae, eine Hermensäule, [[Herme]], Iuven. – b) im Ggstz. zum [[Kopf]], Lucr. u. Verg. – 3) [[ein]] abgehauenes [[Stück]], zB. [[ein]] [[Ast]] statt [[Ruder]], Val. Flacc. 8, 287: [[ein]] [[Stück]] [[Fleisch]] zum [[Räuchern]], Ps. Verg. mor. 57: trunci lapidis eiusdem, Blöcke, Plin. 16, 201. – 4) [[als]] Schimpfwort [[auf]] [[einen]] dummen, empfindungslosen Menschen, [[wie]] [[unser]] [[Klotz]], [[Tölpel]], Cic. Pis. 19 u. de nat. deor. 1, 84. – / Nbf. [[truncum]], Vict. Vit. 2, 27 (quoddam [[truncum]]).

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