καταλύω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> -λύσω <span class="bibl">Od.4.28</span>: 3pl. plpf. -λελύκεσαν <span class="bibl">Hdn.8.4.2</span>:—Pass., fut. -λῠθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>714c</span>, <span class="bibl">D. 38.22</span> (fut. Med. in pass. sense, v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2a</span>): pf. -λέλῠμαι <span class="bibl">Th.6.36</span>:— [[put down]], [[destroy]], πολλάων πολίων κατέλυσε κάρηνα <span class="bibl">Il.2.117</span>, <span class="bibl">9.24</span>; [[τείχη]], ([[πτόλιν]]), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>819</span>, <span class="bibl">1080</span> (both lyr.); [[γέφυραν]] [[break]] it [[up]], Hdn. l. c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of political or other systems, [[dissolve]], [[break up]], [[put down]], <b class="b3">κ. ἀρχήν, βασιληΐην, ἰσοκρατίας</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.53</span>,<span class="bibl">54</span>, <span class="bibl">5.92</span>.ά; τοῦ Διὸς τὴν δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>142</span>; τὸ κράτος τῆς βουλῆς <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>7</span>; τὰς προσόδους τὰς Μιλησίων <span class="title">SIG</span>633.40 (Milet., ii B. C.): freq. in Att., κ. τὸν δῆμον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span> 453</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.81</span>; τὴν δημοκρατίαν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>948</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς πολιτείας</b> Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D. 18.182</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">καταλελυμένης τῆς δημοκρατίας</b> Lex ap.<span class="bibl">And.1.96</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">95</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.13.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1292a29</span>: fut. Med. as Pass., <b class="b3">καταλύσεται… ἡ ἀρχή</b> (Cobet [[καταλελύσεται]]) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> c. acc. pers., [[put down]], [[depose]], κ. τύραννον <span class="bibl">Th.1.18</span>, etc.; κ. τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.5.24</span>:— Pass., <b class="b3">τῶν ἄλλων καταλελυμένων στρατηγῶν</b> [[having been dismissed]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.43</span>; καταλυθῆναι τῆς ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">Id.1.104</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> [[dissolve]], [[dismiss]], [[disband]] a body, <b class="b3">καταλύειν τὴν βουλήν, τὸν στόλον</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.72</span>, <span class="bibl">7.16</span>.β; τῶν πόλεων τά τε βουλευτήρια καὶ τὰς ἀρχάς <span class="bibl">Th.2.15</span>; τὸ ναυτικόν <span class="bibl">D.18.102</span> (Pass.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> [[abolish]] or [[annul]] laws, customs, etc., δίκην <span class="bibl">Gorg.<span class="title">Pal.</span>17</span>; νόμους <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.66</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">Plb.3.8.2</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.17</span>; ψήφισμα <span class="title">Michel</span>725.20 (ii B.C.); also <b class="b3">κ. τὸν ἱππέα</b> [[render]] him [[useless]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>12.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">τὴν φυλακὴν κ</b>. [[neglect]] the watch, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1308a29</span>; τὴν φρουράν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>762c</span>; τὴν κοινὴν φυλακὴν καταλυθῆναι βούλεται <span class="bibl">Din.1.112</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">κ. τὴν τριηραρχίαν</b> [[lay]] it down, <span class="bibl">Isoc.18.59</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν ἄσκησιν</b>, v. infr. 3a. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[bring to an end]], τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Ap.</span>7</span>; ἐς Ἅιδαν καταλύσουσ' ἔμμοχθον βίοτον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1004</span>(lyr.); μώμου ἀδικίαν καὶ δόξης ἀμαθίαν <span class="bibl">Gorg.<span class="title">Hel.</span>21</span>; ἐλπίδα <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; δόξα, ἣν αἰσχρόν ἐστιν ἐν σοὶ -λῦσαι <span class="bibl">D.10.73</span>; <b class="b3">κ. τὸ πλεῖν, τὴν ἄροσιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.33.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>13.1</span>; κ. τὰς θυσίας <span class="bibl">Lys.30.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.68</span>; τὰ γυμνάσια <span class="bibl">And.4.39</span>; τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.126</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.176</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς λόγους περὶ τὰ μέγιστα κ</b>. ib.199: abs., [[make an end]], <b class="b3">ὥρᾳ κ</b>. [[die]] in good time, <span class="bibl">Diocl.Com.14</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>8.28</span>; <b class="b3">πύκτης ὢν κατέλυσε</b> [[retired]] from the ring, <span class="title">AP</span>11.79 (Lucill.), cf. <span class="bibl">161</span> (Id.) (in full -λῦσαι τὴν ἄσκησιν <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Protr.</span>14</span>); <b class="b3">καθάπερ ἐν τοῖς Χοροῖς ἐν τῷ καταλύειν</b> in the [[ending]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>921a20</span>: also pf. part. Pass. [[καταλελυμένος]] [[disused]], [[obsolete]], Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.68 K. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">κ. τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν εἰρήνην</b> [[break]] the peace, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.55</span>; but, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> more commonly, <b class="b3">κ. τὸν πόλεμον</b> [[end]] the war, make peace, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>112</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.31</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.27</span>, etc.; [[δίκας]] [[settle]] disputes, <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).357.15 (Stymphalus, iii B.C.): abs. (sc. <b class="b3">τὸν πόλεμον</b>), Foed. ap. <span class="bibl">Th.5.23</span>; <b class="b3">πρός τινα</b> Foed.ib.<span class="bibl">8.58</span>:—more freq. in Med., <b class="b3">καταλύσασθαι τὰς ἔχθρας</b>, [[componere inimicitias]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.146</span>; τὸν πόλεμον <span class="bibl">And.3.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.36</span>; στάσιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>359</span>: abs., [[make peace]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 8.140</span>.ά, <span class="bibl">Th.1.81</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.8.6</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">καταλύεσθαί τινι</b> [[come to terms with]] one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.11</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Pass., <b class="b3">ἤδη καταλελυμένης τῆς ἡλικίας</b> in the [[decay]] of life, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1335a34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[unloose]], [[unyoke]], καταλύσομεν ἵππους <span class="bibl">Od.4.28</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ σῶμα τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ κ</b>. [[take]] it down from the wall where it was hung up, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>.γ:—Pass., to [[be taken down]] from hanging, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>2.43</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> intr., [[take up one's quarters]], [[lodge]], <b class="b3">παρ' ἐμοὶ καταλύει</b> he [[is]] my [[guest]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>447b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>311a</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.82</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>315d</span>: c. acc., <b class="b3">κ. παρά τινα</b> [[turn off]] the road to a person's house, [[go and lodge]] with him, <span class="bibl">Th.1.136</span>; κ. εἰς πανδοκεῖον <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.97</span>; Μεγαροῖ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>142c</span>; ἐν τῷ ἱαρῷ <span class="title">SIG</span>978.8(Cnidos, iii B.C.):—Med., <b class="b3">θανάτῳ καταλυσαίμαν</b> [[may I take my rest]] in the grave, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>146</span> (anap.).</span>

|elnltext=κατα-λύω oplossen, ontbinden losmaken, uitspannen:; ἵππους paarden Od. 4.28; τὸ σῶμα... καταλύσας na het lichaam losgemaakt te hebben Hdt. 2.121γ.2; abs. zijn intrek nemen, logeren:; παρὰ Ἄδμητον... καταλῦσαι zijn intrek nemen bij Admetus Thuc. 1.136.2; παρ’ ἐμοὶ καταλύει hij logeert bij mij Plat. Grg. 447b; Μεγαροῖ in Megara Plat. Tht. 142c; overdr. rust vinden:; θανάτῳ καταλυσαίμην moge ik in de dood rust vinden Eur. Med. 146; ook met acc.: ἔμμοχθον καταλύσουσ’ ἐς Ἅιδαν βίοτον om in de Hades mijn moeizame leven uit te spannen Eur. Suppl. 1004 ( lyr. ). verwoesten:; πολλάων πολίων κατέλυσε κάρηνα van vele steden heeft hij de burchten verwoest Il. 2.117; overdr.: καταλῦσαι Πελοποννησίων τὴν ἐλπίδα de hoop van de Peloponnesiërs de grond in boren Thuc. 2.89.10. ontbinden, uiteen laten gaan:; τὴν βουλήν de Raad ontbinden Hdt. 5.72.1; τὸν στόλον de expeditie opgeven Hdt. 7.16β.1; τὰ γυμνάσια κ. de gymnasia sluiten And. 4.39; κ. τὸν δῆμον de democratie omverwerpen Thuc. 3.81.4; met pers. als obj. afzetten, fut. med. met pass. bet.: καταλύθησαν τῆς ἀρχῆς zij werden afgezet uit hun heerschappij Hdt. 1.104.2; οἱ τύραννοι κατελύθησαν de tirannen waren afgezet Thuc. 1.18. afschaffen, van wetten of gebruiken:; κ. τὴν δίκην het recht buiten spel zetten Gorg. B 11a.17; κ. τὸν νόμον de wet afschaffen NT Mt. 5.17; afbreuk doen aan, verwaarlozen, beëindigen:; κ. ἀδικίαν het onrecht beëindigen Gorg. B 11.21; κ. φυλακήν de wacht verwaarlozen Aristoph. Ve. 2; δόξαν κ. de reputatie teniet doen Dem. 10.73; pass.:; ἤδη καταλελυμένης τῆς ἡλικίας wanneer de kracht van hun leven al voorbij is Aristot. Pol. 1335a34; ὁρῶν... τὸ ναυτικὸν ὑμῶν καταλυόμενον nu ik zie dat jullie vloot in verval raakt Dem. 18.102; spec. van vijandigheden, meestal med.:; καταλύσασθαι τὰς ἔχθρας de vijandelijkheden beëindigen Hdt. 7.146.1; κ. τὸν πόλεμον de oorlog beëindigen Thuc. 6.36.4; pregn., abs. een ruzie beëindigen, zich verzoenen:. καταλύειν πρὸς Ἀθηναίους met de Atheners tot een vergelijk komen Thuc. 8.58.7; παρέχει δὲ ὑμῖν κάλλιστα καταλύσασθαι nu heeft u de mogelijkheid tot een eervol vergelijk Hdt. 8.140α.4.

|elrutext='''καταλύω:''' (pass.: fut. καταλῠθήσομαι, pf. καταλέλῠμαι)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[развязывать]], [[распрягать]] (ἵππους Hom.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> отвязывать, т. е. снимать (τὸ [[σῶμα]], sc. τοῦ ἀνακρεμαμένου Her.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[сносить]], [[разрушать]] ([[πολίων]] κάρηνα Hom.; πόλιν, τείχη Eur.; ναόν NT);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[ломать]], [[сокрушать]] (Διὸς τὴν δύναμιν Arph.; τὸ [[κράτος]] τῆς [[βουλῆς]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> [[ниспровергать]], [[подрывать]] (τὴν δημοκρατίαν Arph.; τὸ [[πλῆθος]] Lys.; τὴν πολιτείαν Dem.): εἰ μὴ [[ἕξει]] τὰ [[ἐπιτήδεια]] ἡ [[στρατιά]], καταλύσεται ἡ [[ἀρχή]] Xen. если армия не будет иметь продовольствия, власть (полководца) падет;<br /><b class="num">6)</b> [[свергать]] (τύραννον Thuc., Plut.); смещать (τινὰ τῆς ἀρχῆς Xen.): καταλυθῆναι τῆς ἀρχῆς Her. лишиться власти;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> [[распускать]] (τὴν βουλήν Her.; τῶν [[πόλεων]] τὰ βουλευτήρια Thuc.; τὸ [[ναυτικόν]] Dem.);<br /><b class="num">8)</b> [[упразднять]], [[отменять]] (τοὺς νόμους Polyb.; νόμον NT);<br /><b class="num">9)</b> [[выводить из строя]] (τὸν ἱππέα Xen.);<br /><b class="num">10)</b> тж. med. [[кончать]], [[прекращать]], [[оканчивать]] (τὸν πόλεμον Thuc.; στάσιν Arph.; τὸ [[πλεῖν]] Dem.; τὸν βίον Xen., Plut.; τὴν φυλακήν Arph.; τὸν λόγον Aeschin.; ἄσκησιν ὑπὸ [[γήρως]] Plut.): κ. τὴν εἰρήνην Aeschin. нарушать мир; ἐν τῷ καταλύειν Arst. в конце, при окончании; κ. πόλεμόν τινι или πρός τινα Thuc., Plut. прекращать войну с кем-л.; καταλύεσθαι τὰς ἐχθρας Her. прекращать взаимные раздоры; καταλελυμένης τῆς ἡλικίας Arst. на склоне жизни;<br /><b class="num">11)</b> тж. med. заключать мир (τινί Her., Thuc.);<br /><b class="num">12)</b> (ср. 1) останавливаться (для отдыха), искать убежища, находить пристанище ([[παρά]] τινα Thuc. и [[παρά]] τινι Dem.; [[Μεγαροῖ]] Plat.; εἰς [[πανδοχεῖον]] Plut.): θανάτῳ καταλύσασθαι Eur. найти себе отдых в могиле.

|sngr='''原文音譯'''：katalÚw 卡他-呂哦<br />'''詞類次數'''：動詞（17）<br />'''原文字根'''：向下-釋放 相當於： （[[יָשַׁב]]&#x200E; / [[יָשׁוּב]]&#x200E;）  （[[לוּן]]&#x200E; / [[לִין]]&#x200E; / [[לֵן]]&#x200E;）  （[[עָזַב]]&#x200E;）  （[[שָׁכַן]]&#x200E;）<br />'''字義溯源'''：鬆弛下來，毀壞，敗壞，住宿，投宿，拆毀，廢掉，廢除；由（[[κατά]] / [[καθεῖς]] / [[καθημέραν]] / [[κατακύπτω]]）*=下）與（[[λύω]]）*=解開）組成。參讀 （[[ἀναιρέω]]）同義字參讀 （[[ἀναπαύω]]）同義字<br />'''同源字'''：1） （[[ἀκατάλυτος]]）不可分解的 2） （[[κατάλυμα]]）旅程的解除 3） （[[καταλύω]]）鬆弛下來 4） （[[λύω]]）解開<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（17）；太（5）；可（3）；路（3）；徒（3）；羅（1）；林後（1）；加（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 被拆毀的（3） 太24:2； 可13:2； 路21:6；<br />2） 拆毀（3） 太26:61； 太27:40； 可15:29；<br />3） 要毀壞（1） 徒6:14；<br />4） 毀壞（1） 羅14:20；<br />5） 被拆毀了（1） 林後5:1；<br />6） 敗壞（1） 徒5:39；<br />7） 我⋯拆毀的（1） 加2:18；<br />8） 去住宿（1） 路19:7；<br />9） 要廢掉（1） 太5:17；<br />10） 要拆毀（1） 可14:58；<br />11） 投宿（1） 路9:12；<br />12） 廢掉（1） 太5:17；<br />13） 必要敗壞（1） 徒5:38