ἰσθμός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m., also f. (after <b class="b3">ἡ ὁδός</b> a. o.; cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 2)<br />Meaning: [[small entry]], [[spit of land]], [[strait of earth or sea]], [[neck]], esp. as GN of the strait of Corinth (IA).<br />Compounds: As 2. member with <b class="b3">ιο-</b>suffix in the hypostasis <b class="b3">παρ-ίσθμ-ια</b>, n. pl. a. sg. [[fauces]], [[tonsils]] (Hp., Arist.).<br />Derivatives: [[ἴσθμιος]] [[belonging to the Isthmos]] (Pi., trag.), <b class="b3">τὸ ἴσθμιον</b> [[collar]] (σ 300), <b class="b3">τὰ ἴσθμια</b> [[fauces]] (Hp.); [[ἴσθμιον]] also metaph. from the neck of a flask (Cypr. word in Pamphil. ap. Ath. 11, 472e; diff. Leumann Hom. Wörter 271); <b class="b3">τὰ Ἴσθμια</b> name of the Corinthian games (Pi., Simon., Ar.) with <b class="b3">Ίσθμιο-νίκης</b>, <b class="b3">-νικος</b> <b class="b2">winner at the Ἴ.</b> (B.), [[Ίσθμιασταί]] <b class="b2">spectators of the Ἴ.</b> (title of a play of A.; like [[Ἀπολλωνιασταί]] a. o., Chantraine Formation 317; [[ἰσθμιάζω]] Suid., H.), also [[Ίσθμιᾶται]] (Delos IIa); [[ἰσθμικός]], <b class="b3">-ιακός</b> [[belonging to the Isthmos]], [[the Isthmia ]] (Ar., Str.), [[ἰσθμώδης]] [[isthmos-like]] (Th.). - The denominative [[ἰσθμαίνω]] = [[ἀσθμαίνω]] with [[ἴσθμα]] = [[ἄσθμα]] H. arose through cross of [[ἰσθμός]] with [[ἀσθμαίνω]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Perh. from [[εἶμι]] [[go]] with <b class="b3">θμο-</b>suffix, cf. the byform [[Ίθμός]], <b class="b3">Ίθμο-νίκα</b> (inscr.) and <b class="b3">ἴ-θμα</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-ί-θμη</b>; on the meaning cf. ONord. [[eið]] n. [[strait of land]], IE <b class="b2">*oi-dho-</b> (or <b class="b2">*oi-to-</b>). The <b class="b3">-σ-</b> is unexplained; a basis <b class="b2">*idh-dhmo-</b> cannot be accounted for. Acc. to Chantraine Formation 137 therefore adaptation of a local loan; thus Fur, 294 n. 9. Older lit. in Bq; s. also Schwyzer 492 n. 12, v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. on v. 958.