ὑπακούω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ὑπακούσομαι <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>41.40</span> (v. sub fin.); later -ακούσω <span class="title">Mim.Oxy.</span>413.222: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[hearken]], [[give ear]], θεοὶ δ' ὑπὸ πάντες ἄκουον <span class="bibl">Il.8.4</span>; ὁ δ' ἄρ' ἐμμαπέως ὑπάκουσε <span class="bibl">Od.14.485</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>180</span>: c. gen., ὄττις . . πλάσιον ἆδυ φωνείσας ὐπακούει Sapph.2.4; ὑμῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>318</span> (lyr.); τῆς κρίσεως <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.56</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[answer]] (by voice or act) when called, <b class="b3">ἢ ἐξελθέμεναι</b> ἢ ἔνδοθεν αἶψ' ὑπακοῦσαι <span class="bibl">Od.4.283</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.83</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>400</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span> 273</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.59</span>: in Prose, ὁ κῆρυξ ἐκήρυττε τίς τὴν ἱκετηρίαν καταθείη, καὶ οὐδεὶς ὑπήκουεν <span class="bibl">And.1.112</span>; τῷ παιδίῳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>878</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>360</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>3.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.49</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.266</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in a dialogue, [[answer]] when questioned, σοι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>217d</span>; τοῖς λόγοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>898c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[listen to]], [[heed]], [[regard]], c. gen. rei, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>162d</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.20</span>; ὑ. νόμων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>708d</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. διαίτῃ</b> [[submit]] to a regimen, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>459c</span>; λόγῳ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1333a18</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τῷ ξυμφόρῳ τινός</b> [[comply]] with his interest, <span class="bibl">Th.5.98</span>; <b class="b3">δείπνῳ ὑ</b>. [[accept an invitation]] to dinner, <span class="bibl">Ath. 6.247d</span>: abs., [[give way]], [[submit]], [[comply]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.148</span>, <span class="bibl">4.119</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 325a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>367.15</span> (iii B.C.): with a neut. Pron., <b class="b3">μάλα γε τοῦτο ὑπήκουσεν</b> in this matter he [[obey]]ed, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.3</span>; οὐδὲν τούτων ὑπήκουον <span class="bibl">Th.1.29</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">139</span>, <span class="bibl">140</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑ. τινός τι</b> or <b class="b3">τινί τι</b>, [[obey]] one [[in]] a thing, ib.<span class="bibl">26</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>774b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Special senses: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of porters, [[answer]] a [[knock]] at the [[door]], ὑ. τινί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>43a</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>59e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>12.13</span>; &lt;παρὰ&gt; τὴν θύραν <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>4.9</span>, <span class="bibl">28.3</span>; [[ὁ ὑπακούσας]] the [[porter]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.47.35</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of a [[judge]], [[listen]] to a [[complainant]], τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.18</span>; also of the parties in legal proceedings, [[appear before the court]], <span class="bibl">Is.4.28</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.257</span>,290; ὑ. εἰς τὸ [[δικαστήριον]] <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Eux.</span>2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>10.1100.10</span> (ii A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>7369.10</span> (ii/iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of dependants, subjects, etc., [[obey]], [[submit to]], Δαρείου οὐδαμὰ ὑ. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.101</span>; Ἀθηναίων <span class="bibl">Th.4.56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.82</span>; τοῖς πέλας <span class="bibl">Id.2.61</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Astrol., [[to aspect from South to North]], of the southernmost of two zodiacal signs equidistant from an equinoctial point, opp. [[προστάσσειν]], <span class="bibl">Ptol. <span class="title">Tetr.</span>35</span>; = [[ἀκούω]] v, Paul.Al.<span class="title">E.</span>2. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[answer one's expectations]], [[succeed]], ὑπήκουέ μοι τὸ πρᾶγμα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Icar.</span>10</span>; τῆς μεταλλείας [[ἀσθενῶς]] ὑπακουούσης <span class="bibl">Str.9.1.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ὑ. αὐγαῖς ἁλίου</b> to [[be subject]] to the sun's rays, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.24</span>; ταῖς ὥραις <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>1.15.1</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ ψύχους</b> ib. <span class="bibl">5.4.2</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπακούουσι τῶν τῆς ἀρχῆς παθημάτων οἱ κατὰ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς μύες</b> [[feel the effects of]]... Gal.18(2).68. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> of ailments, [[yield]], [[give way]] to a remedy, τινι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>3.8</span>, Gal.6.354: abs., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span> 2.39</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.122</span>, Gal.6.439: metaph., τὸ μυθῶδες ὑ. λόγῳ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Thes.</span> 1</span>; τοῖς ἰσχυρῶς φερομένοις ὑ. ὁ ἀήρ <span class="bibl">Archyt.1</span>; <b class="b3">πληγαῖς ὑ</b>., of metal, Plu.2.802b; ὑποχόνδριον ὑπακοῦον [[yielding to pressure]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>4.45</span>; μὴ εὐθέως ὑπακούοντος εἰς ἐξολκὴν τοῦ ἐμβρύου <span class="bibl">Sor.2.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">86</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[concede a point in dispute]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>161b15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[correspond]], <b class="b3">πᾶσα παραγωγὴ ἐπιρρηματικὴ . . μιᾷ ὑπακούει πτώσει κατὰ τὴν διάλυσιν</b> every adverbial derivative [[correspond]]s to a [[case]], e.g. [[οἴκοθι]] to <b class="b3">ἐν οἴκῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>206.21</span>; [[conform]] to a theory, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Synt.</span>236.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">κοινὸν ὑ</b>. [[understand]] under the [[term]] [[κοινόν]]... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>31c</span>, cf. Plu.2.23c:—Pass., <b class="b3">κοινῶς ὑ</b>. to [[be understood]] in a general sense, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span> 5.35</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Gramm., [[understand]] a word omitted, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>22.21</span> (Pass.): <b class="b3">τὸ -όμενον</b> what one has in [[mind]], the [[subject]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 68.15</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[understand]], c. acc. et inf., Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.72 K., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span> 5.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> fut. [[ὑπακούσεται]] in <span class="bibl">Th.6.69</span>, if correct, must be Pass., if their [[service shall be]] lighter; but Sch. gives [[ὑπακούσονται]], whence [[ξυγκαταστρεψάμενοι]] (for -οις) is conjectured.</span>

|btext=<i>f.</i> ὑπακούσομαι;<br /><b>I.</b> écouter en baissant la tête, prêter l'oreille;<br /><b>II. 1</b> [[répondre à une invitation]], [[obéir à une sommation de comparaître devant un tribunal]], [[se présenter en justice]];<br /><b>2</b> écouter, obéir : τινος, τινι à qqn, être soumis à qqn ; <i>fig.</i> ὑπ. [[τῷ]] ξυμφόρῳ τινός THC se conformer à l'intérêt de qqn ; <i>p. anal.</i> céder à une impression : τὰ [[ἀγγεῖον]] ὑπ. πληγαῖς PLUT le vase résonne sous les coups;<br /><b>3</b> condescendre à, se prêter à, se montrer favorable à : [[τοῦτο]] XÉN condescendre à cela ; [[οὐδέν]] THC ne consentir à rien ; τί τινος se montrer favorable à qqn pour qch ; s'adapter à, s'arranger favorablement : τὸ [[πρᾶγμα]] ὑπ. τινί LUC l'affaire marche convenablement;<br /><b>III.</b> comprendre à demi-mot, <i>càd</i> entendre (ceci et cela).<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ὑπό]], [[ἀκούω]].

|txtha=[[imperfect]] [[ὑπήκουον]]; 1st aorist ὑπήκουσα; from Homer down; to [[listen]], [[hearken]];<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[properly]], of [[one]] [[who]] on a [[knock]] at the [[door]] comes to [[listen]] [[who]] it is (the [[duty]] of the [[porter]]), A. V. [[hearken]], R. V. [[answer]]) ([[Xenophon]], symp. 1,11; [[Plato]], [[Crito]], p. 43a.; [[Phaedo]], p. 59e.; [[Demosthenes]], Lucian, [[Plutarch]], others).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[hearken]] to a [[command]], i. e. to [[obey]], be [[obedient]] [[unto]], [[submit]] to, (so in Greek writings from [[Herodotus]] down): [[absolutely]], Winer's Grammar, 594 (552)); ὑπήκουσεν [[ἐξελθεῖν]] (R. V. obeyed to go [[out]] i. e.) went [[out]] [[obediently]], τῇ πίστει ([[see]] [[πίστις]], 1b. α., p. 513 b [[near]] [[top]]), ὑπηκούσατε [[εἰς]] ὅν παρεδόθητε τύπον διδαχῆς, by [[attraction]] for τῷ τύπω τῆς διδαχῆς [[εἰς]] ὅν κτλ. (Winer's Grammar, § 24,2b.; cf. [[τύπος]], 3), τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, τῷ λόγῳ, τῇ [[ἁμαρτία]] ( ), ταῖς ἐιθυμιαις (L T Tr WH), i. e. to [[allow]] [[oneself]] to be captivated by, governed by, etc., Romans 6:12.

|mltxt=[[ὑπακούω]] ΝΜΑ [[ακούω]]<br />[[ακούω]] με σεβασμό μία [[επιταγή]] και συμμορφώνομαι [[προς]] αυτήν<br /><b>νεοελλ.</b><br /><b>1.</b> [[είμαι]] [[υπάκουος]], [[ευπειθής]]<br /><b>2.</b> (<b>κατ' επέκτ.</b>) [[διέπομαι]] («το [[φαινόμενο]] υπακούει στον νόμο της βαρύτητας»)<br /><b>μσν.-αρχ.</b><br /><b>1.</b> υποτάσσομαι σε κάποιον<br /><b>2.</b> <b>εκκλ.</b> [[ψάλλω]] σε [[απάντηση]] κάποιου, ὑποφωνῶ<br /><b>αρχ.</b><br />[[ακούω]] [[κάτι]] προσεκτικά («ὑπάκουσον, ἄκουσον, ὦ μᾱτερ, [[ἀντιάζω]] σ' ἐγώ», <b>Ευρ.</b>)<br /><b>2.</b> [[δίνω]] [[προσοχή]], [[προσέχω]]<br /><b>3.</b> [[δίνω]] [[απάντηση]], [[αποκρίνομαι]]<br /><b>4.</b> (για θυρωρό) [[ανοίγω]] την [[θύρα]] που κρούεται («[[θαυμάζω]], [[ὅπως]] ἠθέλησέ σοι ὁ τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου [[φύλαξ]] υπακοῦσαι», <b>Πλάτ.</b>)<br /><b>5.</b> (για δικαστή) [[δίνω]] [[ακρόαση]] σε παράπονα<br /><b>6.</b> (για κρινόμενο, [[κατηγορούμενο]] ή συνήγορο) εμφανίζομαι στο δικαστήριο<br /><b>7.</b> [[συναινώ]], [[συγκατανεύω]]<br /><b>8.</b> [[ανταποκρίνομαι]] στις προσδοκίες κάποιου<br /><b>9.</b> <b>μτφ.</b> [[υπόκειμαι]] («τούτων ἔδοξεν γυμνὸς αὐτῷ κᾱπος ὀξείαις ὑπακουέμεν αὐγαῑς ἀελίου», <b>Πίνδ.</b>)<br /><b>10.</b> [[υποχωρώ]] σε [[συζήτηση]], [[ενδίδω]]<br /><b>11.</b> (για νόσο) [[υποχωρώ]] στην ιαματική [[ενέργεια]] ενός φαρμάκου<br /><b>12.</b> [[αντιστοιχώ]], αναλογώ («πᾶσα παραγωγὴ ἐπιρρηματική... μιᾷ ὑπακούει πτώσει κατὰ τὴν διάλυσιν», Απολλ. Δύσκ.)<br /><b>13.</b> [[εννοώ]] [[λέξη]] που έχει παραλειφθεί<br /><b>14.</b> [[συμφωνώ]] με μια [[θεωρία]]<br /><b>15.</b> <b>αστρολ.</b> α) (για το νοτιότερο από δύο [[σημεία]] που απέχουν [[εξίσου]] από τον Ισημερινό) προσανατολίζομαι από τον Νότο [[προς]] τον Βορρά<br />β) [[προστάσσω]]<br /><b>16.</b> (το αρσ. μτχ. αορ. ως ουσ.) <i>ὁ ὑπακούσας</i>·ο [[θυρωρός]]<br /><b>17.</b> <b>φρ.</b> α) «δείπνῳ [[ὑπακούω]]» — [[δέχομαι]] [[πρόσκληση]] για [[δείπνο]] <b>Αθήν.</b><br />β) «κοινῶς [[ὑπακούω]]» — [[γίνομαι]] [[αντιληπτός]] υπό μία γενική [[έννοια]] <b>(Φιλόδ.)</b>.