γλῶσσα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. [[γλάσσα]], Herod.3.84, al., ''SIG''1002.7 (Milet.), ''Schwyzer'' 692 (Chios), Att. [[γλῶττα]], ης, ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[tongue]], Od.3.332, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[γλῶσσα λάρυγγος]], = [[γλωττίς]], [[larynx]], Gal.''UP''7.13.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[tongue]], as the organ of speech, [[γλώσσης χάριν]] = [[through love of talking]], Hes.''Op.''709, A.''Ch.'' 266; γλώσσῃ ματαίᾳ Id.''Pr.''331, cf.''Eu.''830; γλώσσης ἀκρατής Id.''Pr.''884 (lyr.); μεγάλης γ. κόμποι S.''Ant.''128; [[γλώσσῃ δεινός]], [[θρασύς]], Id.''OC''806, ''Aj.''1142; ἡ γ. ὀμώμοχ' ἡ δὲ φρὴν ἀνώμοτος E.''Hipp.''612: with Preps., [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης]] = [[by frankness of speech]], Thgn.63; φθέγγεσθαι Pi.''O.''6.13 (but [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης ληίσσεται]] = [[steal through one's tongue]], [[plunder by means of one's tongue]], opp. [[χερσὶ βίῃ]] = [[violently and perforce]], of fraud opp. [[violence]], Hes. ''Op.''322); also, [[by word of mouth]], Hdt.1.123, Th.7.10, Arr.''An.''2.14.1; τῷ νῷ θ' ὁμοίως κἀπὸ τῆς γ. λέγω S.''OC''936; [[τὰ γλώσσης ἄπο]], i.e. [[our words]], E.''Ba.''1049; [[ἀπὸ γλώσσης φράσω]] = [[speak by heart]], opp. [[γράμμασιν]], Cratin.122; [[οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώσσης]] = [[not from mere word of mouth]], but after full argument, A.''Ag.''813; [[μὴ διὰ γλώσσης]] = [[without using the tongue]], E.''Supp.''112; ἐν ὄμμασιν… δεδορκὼς κοὐ κατὰ γλῶσσαν κλύων S.''Tr.'' 747:—phrases: [[πᾶσαν γλῶτταν βασάνιζε]] = [[try every art of tongue]], Ar. ''V.''547; [[πᾶσαν ἱέναι γλῶσσαν]] = [[let loose one's whole tongue]], [[speak without restraint]], S.''El.''596; πολλὴν γ. ἐγχέας μάτην Id.''Fr.''929; [[κακὰ γλώσσης]]. [[slander]], Pi.''P.''4.283: pl., [[ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις]], i.e. [[with blasphemies]], S.''Ant.''962 (lyr.), cf.''Aj.''199 (lyr.): [[βοῦς]], κ ῇς ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ, v. [[βοῦς]], [[κλείς]].<br><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[one who is all tongue]], [[speaker]], of Pericles, μεγίστη γ. τῶν Ἑλληνίδων Cratin.293, cf. Ar.''Fr.''629 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]).<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ἡ γλῶσσα τοῦ ταμιείου]] = the [[advocacy]] of the [[fiscus]], Philostr. ''VS''2.29.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[language]], ἄλλη δ' ἄλλων γ. μεμιγμένη Od.19.175, cf. Il.2.804; [[γλῶσσαν ἱέναι]] = [[speak a language]] or [[speak a dialect]], Hdt.1.57; γ. [[Ἑλληνίδα]], [[Δωρίδα]] [[ἱέναι]], Id.9.16, Th.3.112, cf. A.''Pers.''406, ''Ch.''564; γλῶσσαν νομίζειν Hdt.1.142, 4.183; γλώσσῃ χρῆσθαι Id.4.109; κατὰ τὴν ἀρχαίαν γ. Arist.''Rh.''1357b10; [[dialect]], ἡ Ἀττικὴ γ. Demetr.''Eloc.''177; but also Δωρὶς διάλεκτος μία ὑφ' ἥν εἰσι γ. πολλαί Tryph. ap. Sch.D.T.p.320 H.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[obsolete]] or [[foreign]] [[word]], which needs [[explanation]], Arist. ''Rh.''1410b12, ''Po.''1457b4, Plu.2.406f: hence [[Γλῶσσαι]], title of works by Philemon and others.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[people]] speaking a [[distinct]] [[language]], LXX.''Ju.''3.8 (pl.), interpol. in Scyl.15.<br><span class="bld">III</span> anything shaped like the [[tongue]] (cf. [[γλῶσσαι]] ὡσεὶ πυρός ''Act.Ap.''2.3).<br><span class="bld">1</span> in Music, [[reed]] or [[tongue]] of a [[pipe]], Aeschin.3.229, Arist.''HA''565a24, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 4.11.4, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[tongue]] or [[thong]] of [[leather]], [[shoe]]-[[latchet]], Pl.Com.51, Aeschin.Socr.57.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[tongue of land]], App.''Pun.''121, cf. 95.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ingot]], γ. χρυσῆ [[LXX]] ''Jo.''7.21.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[mark]]ing on the [[liver]], in [[divination]], [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]] ([[γλῶσσα]] from γλωχ-yǎ, cf. [[γλώξ]], [[γλωχίς]]; [[γλάσσα]] from *γλᾰχ-yǎ, weak grade of same root.)