σῖτος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, heterocl. pl. [[σῖτα]], τά, Xenoph.2.8, Hdt.4.128, 5.34 (neut. sg. [[σῖτον]] only ''Delph.''3(5).3 ii 19 (iv B.C.)):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[grain]], comprehending both [[wheat]] ([[πυρός]]) and [[barley]] ([[κριθή]]), ἐν [Ἰθάκῃ] σ. [[ἀθέσφατος]] ἐν δέ τε [[οἶνος]] [[γίγνεται]] Od.13.244; <b class="b3">περὶ σίτου ἐκβολήν</b> about the [[shooting]] of the [[corn]] into [[ear]], Th.4.1; <b class="b3">τοῦ σίτου ἀκμάζοντος</b> at its [[ripening]], Id.2.19; πρὶν τὸν σ. ἐν ἀκμῇ εἶναι Id.4.2; τὸν νέον σῖτον σὺν τῇ καλάμῃ ἀποκείμενον X.''An.''5.4.27; σῖτος [[ἀλῶ|ἀληλεσμένος]] or [[ἀλῶ|ἀληλεμένος]] = [[ground]] [[corn]], Hdt.7.23, Th.4.26; σῖτος [[ἀπαλοάω|ἀπηλοημένος]] D.42.6; σῖτον ἐσαγαγεῖν Th.2.6, etc.; σῖτος [[ἐπείσακτος]] D.18.87; <b class="b3">σίτου εἰσαγωγή, σίτου ἐξαγωγή</b>, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1133b9, ''IG''12.57.35; συγκομιδή X.''HG''7.5.14; ἐγδοχεία ''PMich.Zen.''23 (iii B.C.); comprehending [[πυρός]], [[κριθή]], [[ὄλυρα]], and [[φακός]], ''PTeb.''66.41 (ii B.C.); περὶ τοῦ σ. καὶ τοῦ σησάμου ''PMich.Zen.''43.3 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ὁ σῖτος καὶ τὰ λάχανα</b> as examples of [[πόα]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 1.3.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[food]] made from [[grain]], [[bread]], opp. [[flesh]]-[[meat]], σ. καὶ κρέα Od.9.9, 12.19, cf. Hdt.2.168; <b class="b3">σῖτον ἔδοντες</b>, a general [[epithet]] of [[men]] as opp. to [[beast]]s, <b class="b3">ὅσσοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ σ. ἔδ.</b> Od.8.222, cf. 9.89; of savages, who eat flesh only, οὐδέ τι σῖτον ἤσθιον Hes.''Op.''146; of civilized men, σῖτον καὶ σπείρουσι καὶ σιτέονται Hdt.4.17; σωρὸν σίτου κεχυμένον Id.1.22; [[ἐσθίειν]] ἐπὶ τῷ σίτῳ ὄψον [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.14.2; <b class="b3">κάρδαμον ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῷ σίτῳ</b> Id.''Cyr.''1.2.11; <b class="b3">πίνειν ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τῷ σίτῳ</b> ib.6.2.27, cf. Plu. ''Them.''29, with Id.2.328f.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in a wider sense, [[food]], as opp. to [[drink]], σ. ἠδὲ ποτής Od.9.87, cf. Il.19.306; σῖτος καὶ οἶνος Od.3.479, Il.9.706; σ. καὶ μέθυ Od.4.746, etc.; even of [[porridge]] ([[κυκεών]]), 10.235; σῖτα καὶ ποτά Hdt.5.34, X.''An.''2.3.27; σ. ποιεῖν καὶ οἶνον [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 372a; [[ἄκμηνος]] σίτοιο Il.19.163, cf. A.''Fr.''182; <b class="b3">εὐνὴ καὶ σ.</b> Od. 20.130, cf. Il.24.129; ὕπνον καὶ σ. αἱρεῖσθαι Th.2.75; [[provisions]], σῖτα ἀναιρέεσθαι Hdt.4.128; παρέχειν σῖτα καὶ νέας Id.7.21; <b class="b3">παρέχειν μέχρι τριάκοντα ἡμερῶν σῖτον</b> Foed. ap. Th.5.47.<br><span class="bld">4</span> rarely of beasts, [[fodder]], Hes.''Op.''604, E.''HF''383 (lyr.), X.''Eq.''4.1.—In the general sense of [[food]], Prose writers prefer the dim. form [[σιτία]], τά.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Att. Law, [[allowance]] of [[grain]] made to [[widow]]s and [[orphan]]s. σῖτον [[διδόναι]], [[ἀποδιδόναι]], D.27.15, 28.11, Arist.''Ath.''56.7.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">δίκην σίτου δικάσασθαι</b>, bring an [[action]] under the [[Athenian]] [[corn]]-[[law]] against [[regrater]]s and [[monopolist]]s, Is.3.9, cf. D.59.52.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[allowance]] made to the [[Ἱππεῖς]], ''IG''12.304.4, al.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[public]] [[distribution]] of [[corn]] in [[Rome]], Lat. [[frumentatio]], τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ σίτου ὄντα ἐν Ῥώμῃ Arr.''Epict.''1.10.2.