αἱρέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ᾕρεον Il.24.579, Ion. [[αἵρεον]] Hdt.6.31, but contr. [[ᾕρει]] even in Il.17.463, ᾕρευν Hes.''Sc.''302: fut. αἱρήσω Il.9.28, etc.: aor. 1 [[ᾕρησα]] late (ἀν-) Q.S.4.40, etc.: pf. ᾕρηκα A.''Ag.''267, Th.1.61, etc., Ion. [[ἀραίρηκα]] or [[αἵρηκα]] (ἀν-) Hdt.5.102: plpf. ἀραιρήκεε 3.39:—Med., fut. αἱρήσομαι Il.10.235, etc.: aor. 1 ᾑρησάμην Plb.38.13.7 [[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]], Gal.19.53, etc.: pf. in med. sense ᾕρημαι Ar.''Av.''1577, X.''An.''5.6.12, D.2.15, etc.: 3pl. plpf. ᾕρηντο Th.1.62:—Pass., fut. αἱρεθήσομαι Hdt. 2.13, Pl.''Mx.''234b; rarely ᾑρήσομαι Id.''Prt.''338c: aor. ᾑρέθην and pf. ᾕρημαι D.20.146, al.; pf. part. ἀραιρημένος Hdt.4.66: plqf. ᾕρηντο X. ''An.''3.2.1, ἀραίρητο Hdt.1.191, etc.—From [root ]<b class="b3">ἑλ-</b>: fut. ἑλῶ only late (δι-) ''Test.Epict.''6.18, (ἀν-) D.H.11.18, (καθ-) ''APl.''4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.1 [[εἷλα]] (ἀν-) ''Act.Ap.''2.23, (ἀν-) ''Epigr.Gr.''314.24 (Smyrna): elsewhereaor.2 εἷλον Il.10.561, etc., Ep. [[ἕλον]] 17.321, Ion. [[ἕλεσκε]] 24.752:—Med., fut. ἑλοῦμαι D.H.4.75, (ἀφ-) Timostr.5, (δι-) D.H.4.60, (ἐξ-) Alciphr.1.9: aor. 1 εἱλάμην ''Epigr.Gr.''314.5 (Smyrna), (ἀφ-) [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Ath.12.546a, (δι-) ''AP''9.56 (Phil.): elsewhere aor. 2 εἱλόμην Il.16.139, etc., 2sg. ἤλεο Sapph.''Oxy.''1787.6.3:—Cret. forms αἰλεθῇ ''Leg.Gort.'' 2.21, <b class="b3">ἀν-αιλῆθαι</b> ib.7.10, al.:—the etym. is doubtful, and [[ἀγρέω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]) prob. has a difft. root.<br><span class="bld">A</span> Act., [[take with the hand]], [[grasp]], [[seize]], αἱρέω τι ἐν χερσίν Od.4.66; [[αἱρέω τινὰ χειρός]] = to [[take one by the hand]], Il.1.323; <b class="b3">κόμης τινά</b> ib.197; μ' ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν Od.23.76: part. [[ἑλών]] adverbially, κατακτεῖναί μ' ἑλών S.''Ant.''497; ἄξω ἑλών Il.1.139, cf. Pi.''O.''7.1; but <b class="b3">ἔνθεν ἑλών</b> [[having taken up]] [the song], Od.8.500.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[take away]], ἀπ' ἀπήνης ᾕρεον ἄποινα Il.24.579.<br><span class="bld">II</span> take into one's [[power]], get into one's [[power]], [[νῆας]] ib.13.42; esp. [[take]] a [[city]], 2.37, S.''Ph.''347, etc.; [[overpower]], [[kill]], Il.4.457, etc.; ἕλοιμί κεν ἤ κε ἁλοίην 22.253:—freq. of passions, etc., [[come upon]], [[seize]], χόλος Il.18.322; ἵμερος 3.446; ὕπνος 10.193; λήθη 2.34, etc.: c. dupl.acc., τὸν δ' ἄτη φρένας εἷλε 16.805; of disease, Pl.''Tht.''142b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[catch]], [[take]], ζωὸν ἑλεῖν Il.21.102; [[take in hunting]], Hes.''Sc.''302, Hdt. 1.36, etc.; [[overtake]], in a race, Il.23.345; [[get]] into one's [[power]], [[entrap]], S.''OC''764, etc.; in good sense, [[win over]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.3.16, cf. 3.11.11, Pl.''Ly.''205e, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. part., [[catch]], [[detect]] one doing a thing, S. ''Ant.''385,655; ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ ἑλεῖν E.''Ion''1214; φῶρα ἐπὶ κλοπῇ ἑλεῖν Pl.''Lg.''874b.<br><span class="bld">3</span> generally, [[win]], [[gain]], [[κῦδος]] Il.17.321; στεφάνους Pi.''P.''3.74, etc.; especially in games, Ἴσθμι' ἑλὼν πύξ Simon.158; with double sense, [[overcome]] and [[win]], ἑλέτην δίφρον τε καὶ ἀνέρε Il.11.328; ἕλεν Οἰνομάου βίαν παρθένον τε σύνευνον Pi.''O.''1.88, cf. S.''Tr.''353:—Pass., [[ἁγὼν ᾑρέθη]] = [[the fight was won]], S.''OC''1148.<br><span class="bld">b</span> generally, [[get]], [[obtain]], Pl.''R.''359a, ''Ti.''64b, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> as law-term, [[convict]], τινά τινος Ar.''Nu.''591, Is.9.36, Aeschin.3.156; εἷλέ σ' ἡ Δίκη E. ''Heracl.''941, cf. ''Supp.''608: c. part., [[αἱρέω τινὰ κλέπτοντα]] = to [[convict]] of [[theft]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''829, Pl.''Lg.''941d; <b class="b3">ᾑρῆσθαι κλοπεύς</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὤν]]) S.''Ant.''493, cf. 406.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">αἱρέω δίκην, αἱρέω γραφήν</b> [[get a verdict for conviction]], Antipho 2.1.5, etc.; also [[ἑλεῖν τινα]] = [[obtain a conviction against]] one, Is.7.13; [[ἑλεῖν τὰ διαμαρτυρηθέντα]] = [[convict]] the [[evidence]] of [[falsehood]], Isoc.18.15.<br><span class="bld">c</span> abs., [[get a conviction]], <b class="b3">οἱ ἑλόντες</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ ἑαλωκότες</b>, D.21.11; <b class="b3">δολίοις ἕλε Κύπρις λόγοις</b> [[Aphrodite]] won her [[cause]]... E.''Andr.''289, cf. Pl.''Lg.'' 762b, etc.<br><span class="bld">d</span> of a thing or circumstances which [[convict]], τοῦτ' ἔστιν ὃ ἐμὲ αἱρεῖ Id.''Ap.''28a.<br><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος αἱρέει</b> reason or the [[reason]] of the thing [[prove]]s, Hdt.2.33: c. acc. pers., [[reason]] [[persuade]]s one, i.e. it [[seem]]s [[good]] to one, Id.1.132, 7.41; <b class="b3">ὡς ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱ.</b> Hdt.2.43; ὅπῃ ὁ λόγος αἱ. βέλτιστ' ἂν ἔχειν Pl.''R.''604c, cf. ''Lg.''663d: c. inf., ''R.''440b; ὁ [[αἱρῶν]] [[λόγος]] Chrysipp.Stoic.3.92; [[αἱρεῖ]] alone, [[prove]]s, Plu.2.651b.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">τὸ αἱροῦν</b> the sum [[due]], PRyl.167.25 (i A. D.); τὰ αἱροῦντα [τάλαντα] ''PGrenf.''2.23.14 (ii B. C.), ''PRyl.''88.19 (ii A. D.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[grasp with the mind]], [[understand]], Pl.''Phlb.''17e, 20d, ''Plt.'' 282d.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Med., with pf. [[ᾕρημαι]] (v. supr.), [[take for oneself]], [[ἔγχος]] ἑλέσθαι = [[take one's spear]], Il.16.140, etc.; ἐκ γαίας λίθον A.''Fr.''199; [[δόρπον]], [[δεῖπνον]] = take one's [[supper]], Il.7.370, 2.399; <b class="b3">πιέειν δ' οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι</b> Od.11.584; <b class="b3">Τρωσὶν… ὅρκον ἑλ.</b> [[obtain]] it from... Il.22.119; and so in most senses of the Act., with the reflexive force added.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[take to oneself]], [[choose]], ἕταρον Il.10.235, cf. 9.139, Od.16.149, etc.; [[prefer]], τι πρό τινος Hdt.1.87; τι ἀντί τινος X.''An.''1.7.3, D.2.15; τί τινος S.''Ph.''1101, cf. Theoc.11.49.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. inf., [[prefer]] to do, Hdt. 1.11, etc.; ἑλέσθαι μᾶλλον τεθνάναι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.2.16, cf. Pl.''Ap.''38e; μᾶλλον ἂν ἕλοιτό μ' ἢ τοὺς πάντας Ἀργείους λαβεῖν S.''Ph.''47: without [[μᾶλλον]], Pi.''N.''10.59, Lys.2.62.<br><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">αἱρεῖν εἰ</b>… to [[be content]] if., ''AP'' 12.68 (Mel.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">αἱρέω τά τινων</b> [[take]] another's part, [[join]] their [[party]], Th.3.63, etc.; [[αἱρέω γνώμην]] to [[adopt an opinion]], Hdt.4.137.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[choose by vote]], [[elect]] to an [[office]], <b class="b3">αἱρέω τινὰ δικαστήν, αἱρέω τινὰ στρατηγόν</b>, etc., Id.1.96, Eup.117, etc.; τινὰς [[ἀριστίνδην]] Lex ap.D.43.57; αἱρέω τινὰ ἐπ' ἀρχήν Pl.''Men.''90b; αἱρέω τινὰ ἄρχειν Id.''Ap.''28e, cf. Il.2.127.<br><span class="bld">C</span> Pass., to [[be taken]], Hdt.1.185, 191, 9.102; more commonly [[ἁλίσκομαι]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> v. supr. A. 11.3.<br><span class="bld">II</span> Pass. to med. sense, to [[be chosen]], in pf. ᾕρημαι A.''Ag.''1209, etc.; Ion. [[ἀραίρημαι]] Hdt.7.118, 172,173, al.; στρατηγεῖν ᾑρημένος [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.2.1; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἀρχῆς ᾑρῆσθαι</b> ib.3.3.2; ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἀρχήν Pl.''Lg.''809a; <b class="b3">τοῦ ἔτους… ᾑρημένοι</b> [[elected]] for the [[year]]... ''IGRom.''3.1422 (Bithyn.):—aor. ᾑρέθην is always so used, A.''Th.''505, Ar.''Av.''799, Th.7.31, etc.; pres. rarely, <b class="b3">αἱροῦνται πρεσβευταί</b> are [[chosen]], Arist.''Pol.''1299a19, cf. And.4.16.