χαίρω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Il.7.191, etc.; 3pl. imper.<br><span class="bld">A</span> χαιρόντων E.''HF''575: impf., Ep. [[χαῖρον]] Il.14.156, Ion. [[χαίρεσκον]] 18.259: fut. χαιρήσω 20.363, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.128, Ar.''Pl.''64, And.1.101, Arr.''An.''5.20.6; Ep. redupl. inf. κεχᾰρησέμεν Il.15.98; later χᾰρῶ [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in ''Apoc.'' 11.10: aor. ἐχαίρησα Plu. ''Luc.''25: pf. κεχάρηκα Ar.''V.''764, part. -ηκώς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.42, etc., Ep. acc. κεχᾰρηότα, pl. -ότας, Il.7.312, Hes.''Fr.''77:—Med. (in same sense), [[χαίρομαι]], noted as a barbarism in Ar.''Pax''291 (v. Sch.), but found in ''BCH''36.622 (Perinthus, written <b class="b3">χέρ-</b>), Alex.Aphr.''Pr.''1.20, al.: fut. χᾰρήσομαι Ps.-Luc.''Philopatr.''24, (συγ-) Plb.30.18.1, [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]] 31.15; Dor. [[χαρησοῦμαι]] Pythag.''Ep.''3.7; χᾰροῦμαι LXXZa.4.10, (κατα-) ib.''Pr.''1.26; Ep.κεχᾰρήσομαι Od.23.266: aor. 1 part. χαιρησάμενος ''BGU''742 ii 3 (ii A. D.): Ep. aor.1 χήρατο Il.14.270; ἐχ- Opp.''C.''1.509, etc.; part. χηράμενος ''AP''7.198 (Leon.): Ep. redupl. aor. 2, 3pl. κεχάροντο Il.16.600 (χάροντο Q.S.6.315); opt. 3sg. and pl. <b class="b3">κεχάροιτο, -οίατο</b>, Od.2.249, Il.1.256:—Pass. (in same sense), aor. 2 ἐχάρην [ᾰ] 7.54, etc., Ep. 3sg. χάρη 5.682, 13.609; subj. χᾰρῇς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 606c; opt. χᾰρείη Il.6.481; inf. χᾰρῆναι Simon.164; part. χᾰρείς Il.10.541, Sapph.118, Pi.''I.''6(5).10, Ar.''Th.''981 (lyr.), etc.; pf. κεχάρημαι ''h.Bacch.''7.10, E.''IA''200 (lyr.), Ar.''V.''389 (anap.); part. κεχαρμένος [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''1122, ''Tr.''529 (lyr.), ''Cyc.''367 (lyr.): plpf. 3sg. and pl. <b class="b3">κεχάρητο, -ηντο</b>, Hes.''Sc.''65, ''h.Cer.''458:—[[rejoice]], [[be glad]], Il.3.111, 21.347, etc.; γραῦς ἥδε οἰνοφόρος κεχαρημένη ὧδε κάθηται ''IG''12(8).679 (Scyros, ii B. C.): χ. θυμῷ Il.7.191, al.; ἐν θυμῷ 24.491, Od.22.411; φρεσὶν ᾗσι Il.13.609; φρένα 6.481; <b class="b3">χ. νόῳ</b> to [[rejoice]] [[inwardly]], Od. 8.78; χαίρει δέ μοι ἦτορ Il.23.647; αὐτὰρ ἐμὸν κῆρ χ. Od.4.260; χ. καὶ γελᾶν S.''El.''1300; ἥδομαι καὶ χαίρομαι κεὐφραίνομαι Ar.''Pax''291; opp. [[λυπεῖσθαι]], A.''Fr.''266.3, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''555, etc.; opp. [[ἀλγεῖν]], Id.''Tr.''1119. —Constr.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> c. dat. rei, [[rejoice at]], [[take pleasure in]] a thing, νίκῃ Il.7.312; φήμῃ Od.2.35; δώρῳ Hes.''Op.''358; μόλπᾳ Sapph.''Supp.'' 25.5, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1070, Pl.''Mx.''238d, etc.: c. dat. pers., χαῖρε.. ἀνδρὶ δικαίῳ Od.3.52; with a part. added, χάρη δ' ἄρα οἱ προσιόντι Il.5.682, cf. 24.706, Od.19.463: with Preps., χαίρειν ἐπί τινι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''926, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.6.35, ''Cyr.''8.4.12, Isoc.2.30, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''739d, etc.; πρὸς τοῖς παιδικοῖς Eup.327; with a part. added, ἐπ' ἐξεργασμένοις κακοῖσι χ. E.''Ba.'' 1040, cf. 1033: rarely ἔν τινι A.''Eu.''996 (lyr.), S.''Tr.''1119: also c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">χ. γέλωτι</b> [[express]] one's [[joy]] by [[laughter]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.1.33.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of a plant, χαίρει ὑφάμμοις χωρίοις [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 6.5.2; also ἡ κύστις χ. τῇ χολῇ Gal.19.646.<br><span class="bld">2</span> rarely c. acc., with a part. added, χαίρω δέ σ' εὐτυχοῦντα E.''Rh.''390; τοὺς γὰρ εὐσεβεῖς θεοὶ θνῄσκοντας οὐ χ. Id.''Hipp.''1340; χαίρω σ' ἐλθόντα Id.''Fr.''673 (this usage is said to be Oropian, ''EM''808.4).<br><span class="bld">b</span> with a neut. Adj., ταὐτὰ λυπεῖσθαι καὶ ταὐτὰ χαίρειν τοῖς πολλοῖς D.18.292: c. acc. cogn., ἁπλῆν χαίρειν ἡδονήν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1154b26; χ. ἀνδραπόδων τινὰ χαράν Plu.2.1091e.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. part., <b class="b3">χαίρω.. τὸν μῦθον ἀκούσας</b> I [[rejoice at]] having heard, am [[glad]] to [[hear]], Il.19.185, cf. 7.54, 11.73; χαίρουσιν βίοτον νήποινον ἔδοντες Od.14.377, cf. 12.380, Hes.''Op.''55; χαίρω.. κόμπον ἱείς Pi.''N.''8.49; χαίρεις ὁρῶν φῶς, πατέρα δ' οὐ [[χαίρειν]] δοκεῖς; E.''Alc.'' 691; χαίρω φειδόμενος Ar.''Pl.''247; θωπευόμενος χαίρεις Id.''Eq.''1116 (lyr.), cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 191e, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. part. pres., [[delight in]] doing, to [[be wont]] to do, χρεώμενοι χαίρουσι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.236, cf. S.''Ph.''449, Ar.''V.'' 764, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 318d, 346c, 358a.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">χαίρειν ὅττι</b> or [[ὅτι]]... Od.14.51, 526, Pi.''N.''5.46; <b class="b3">ἐχάρην καὶ ἐθρασυνάμην ὅτι ἔμαθον</b>.. Metrod.''Fr.''42; <b class="b3">χ. οὕνεκα</b>.. Od.8.200.<br><span class="bld">II</span> with negat., esp. with fut., <b class="b3">οὐ χαιρήσεις</b> thou wilt or shalt not [[rejoice]], i.e. thou shalt not [[go unpunished]], shalt [[repent]] it, Ar.''Pl.''64; οὐ χαιρήσετον Id.''Eq.''235; so οὐδέ τιν' οἴω Τρώων χαιρήσειν Il.20.363, cf.15.98, Od.2.249, Ar.''V.''186; <b class="b3">ἀλλ' οὐδ' ὣς Κῦρός</b> γε χαιρήσει [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.128; with an interrog., σὺ.. χαιρήσειν νομίζεις; Plu.''Alex.''51: rarely with other tenses, ὅπως ἂν μὴ χαίρωσιν. D.19.299; οὐκ ἐχαίρησεν Plu.''Luc.''25: for a similar use of the part., v. infr. IV. 2.<br><span class="bld">III</span> freq. in imper. [[χαῖρε]], dual [[χαίρετον]], pl. [[χαίρετε]], as a form of greeting,<br><span class="bld">1</span> at meeting, [[hail]], [[welcome]] (esp. in the morning, acc. to D.C.69.18, cf. Luc.''Laps.''), Il.9.197, Od.13.229, etc.; χαῖρε, ξεῖνε, παρ' ἄμμι φιλήσεαι 1.123; strengthened, οὖλέ τε, καὶ μάλα χαῖρε, θεοὶ δέ τοι ὄλβια δοῖεν 24.402; χαῖρέ μοι Il.23.19, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1137; repeated, A.''Eu.''996, 1014 (both lyr.), [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''91, etc.; χαῖρ' ὡς μέγιστα, χαῖρε Id.''Ph.''462; in greeting one's native land, the sun, etc., A.''Ag.''508,22, S.''Ph.''1453 (anap.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> sometimes implied in the use of <b class="b3">χαίρω, κῆρυξ Ἀχαιῶν, χαῖρε</b>.. Answ. [[χαίρω]] I [[accept the greeting]], A.''Ag.''538; <b class="b3">νῦν πᾶσι χαίρω, νῦν με πᾶς ἀσπάζεται</b> I [[hear]] the [[word]] [[χαῖρε]] from all, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''596: so in inf., <b class="b3">τὸ χαίρειν</b> dub. l. in Pl.''Chrm.'' 164e; <b class="b3">χαίρειν δὲ τὸν κήρυκα προὐννέπω</b> I [[bid]] him [[welcome]], S.''Tr.''227; προσειπών τινα χ. οὐκ ἀντιπροσερρήθη [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.13.1; but <b class="b3">χαίρειν τἄλλ' ἐγώ σ' ἐφίεμαι</b> I [[bid]] thee have thy [[pleasure]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''112.<br><span class="bld">c</span> inf. alone at the beginning of letters, <b class="b3">Κῦρος Κυαζάρῃ χαίρειν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[λέγει]]) [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.27, cf. Theoc.14.1; used by [[Alexander the Great]] to Phocion as a mark of respect, Duris 51J.<br><span class="bld">2</span> at leavetaking, [[fare-thee-well]], Od.5.205, 13.59, 15.151; χαῖρε πόλλ' ὦδελφέ Ar.''Ra.''164; pl., χαίρετε πολλάκι Theoc.1.144; freq. put into the mouth of the dying, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''863, ''Tr.''921, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 116d, etc.: hence in sepulchral inscriptions, ''IG''7.203, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> hence, imper. [[χαιρέτω]], [[χαιρόντων]], have done with... away with... εἴτ' ἐγένετο ἄνθρωπος εἴτ' ἐστὶ δαίμων, χαιρέτω [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.96; χαιρέτω βουλεύματα τὰ πρόσθεν E. ''Med.''1044, χαιρόντων πόνοι Id.''HF''575; cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 199a, ''Lg.''636d, 886d.<br><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἐᾶν χαίρειν τινά</b> or τι [[dismiss from one's mind]], [[put away]], [[renounce]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.23, 9.41, Ar.''Pl.''1187, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 63e, ''Prt.''348a, X.''An.''7.3.23, etc.; συχνὰ χ. ἐᾶν τινα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Philebus|Phlb.]]'' 59b; ἐλευθερίαν μακρὰ χ. ἐᾶν Luc.''Apol.''3; μακρὰ χ. εἰποῦσα Ael.''VH''12.1; πόλλα μοι τὰν Πωλυανάκτιδα παῖδα χαίρην Sapph.86; τὴν Κύπριν πόλλ' ἐγὼ χαίρειν λέγω E.''Hipp.''113, cf. 1059, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''188a; χ. κελεύων πολλὰ τοὺς Ἀχαρνέας [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''200; εἰπεῖν χαίρειν τινά ''Ath.Mitt.''56.131 (Milet., Hellenistic), cf. Luc.''Dem.Enc.''50; χαίρειν προσαγορεύειν Ar.''Pl.''322 (metaph. in [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''771a); χαίρειν προσειπεῖν Eup.308: less freq. c. dat. pers. (never with <b class="b3">ἐᾶν χ.</b>), πολλὰ χαίρειν ξυμφοραῖς καταξιῶ A.''Ag.''572 ([[nisi legendum|nisi leg.]] [[ξυμφορά]]ς); φράσαι.. χαίρειν Ἀθηναίοισι Ar.''Nu.''609 (troch.); πολλὰ εἰπόντα χ. τῷ ἀληθεῖ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''272e, cf. ''Phd.''64c, ''R.''406d, X.''HG''4.1.31 (codd., fort. [[ἀλλήλους]]), Jul. ad Them.255a.<br><span class="bld">3</span> on other occasions, as in comforting, [[be of good cheer]], Od.8.408; at meals, 4.60, 18.122; [[χαῖρε]], γύναι, φιλότητι [[good luck]] be on our [[union]], 11.248; εὐχωλῇς χαίρετε 13.358: χαῖρε ἀοιδῇ ''h.Hom.''9.7.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> part. χαίρων [[glad]], [[joyful]], Il.1.446, etc.; χαίροντα φίλην ἐς πατρίδ' ἔπεμπον εἰς Ἰθάκην Od.19.461; χαίροντι φέρειν.. χαίρων 17.83; <b class="b3">λυπούμενοι καὶ χαίροντες</b> in [[sorrow]] and in [[joy]], Arist.''Rh.''1356a16: also pf. part. κεχαρηκώς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.27,42, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> joined with another Verb, [[safe and sound]], [[with impunity]], χαίροντα [[ἀπαλλάσσειν]] ib.69, cf. 9.106, D.24.153; more freq. with a neg., [[οὐ χαίρων]] = [[to one's cost]], οὐ χαίροντες γέλωτα ἐμὲ θήσεσθε [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.29; οὔ τι χαίρων.. ἐρεῖς S. ''OT''363, cf. ''Ant.''759, ''Ph.''1299, E.''Med.''398, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''563, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 510d; οὐ γὰπ.. χαίρων τις.. τοὐμὸν ἀλγυνεῖ κέαρ Eup.90; οὔτε χαίροντες ἂν ἀπαλλάζαιτε X.''An.''5.6.32; also [[οὔτι]] χαιρήσων γε σύ Ar.''V.''186; cf. supr. ''ΙΙ''.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in the same sense as imper. (supr. ''III''), <b class="b3">σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο</b> [[fare-thee-well]], and may'st thou [[arrive]], Od.15.128, cf. Theoc.2.163; <b class="b3">χαίροισ' ἔρχεο</b> go thy way rejoicing, Sapph.''Supp.''23.7; <b class="b3">ἀλλ' ἑρπέτω χαίρουσα</b> let her go with a [[benison]], S.''Tr.''819; [[χαίρων ἴθι]] = [[fare-thee-well]], E.''Alc.''813, ''Ph.''921; χαίρουσα.. στεῖχε Id.''Hipp.'' 1440.<br><span class="bld">4</span> τὸ χαῖρον τῆς ψυχῆς Plu.2.136c, 1089e.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Astrol., of a planet, occupy the position appropriate to another of its own [[αἵρεσις]], Serapio in ''Cat.Cod.Astr.''8(4).230, Ptol.''Tetr.''51, Vett.Val. 63.6, Man.2.348. (Cf. Skt. háryati 'take pleasure in', Umbr. heriest 'will wish', Lat. [[horior]].)