silentium: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>sĭlentĭum</b>: ii, n. [[sileo]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., a [[being]] [[still]] or [[silent]], noiselessness, [[stillness]], [[silence]] (freq. and [[class]].; cf. [[taciturnitas]]): [[otium]] et [[silentium]] est, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 35: et [[ipse]] conticuit et ceteris [[silentium]] fuit, Cic. de Or. 3, 35, 143; cf. id. ib. 1, 35, 160; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64: [[auditus]] est magno silentio, id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: silentio [[auditus]], Caes. B. C. 3, 19, 3: huic facietis Fabulae [[silentium]], Plaut. Am. prol. 15: fac [[silentium]], id. Pers. 4, 3, 50; cf. Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: nec longa silentia feci, kept [[silence]], Ov. F. 1, 183: silentio [[facto]], [[silence]] [[being]] obtained, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 10; Liv. 24, 7 fin.; Petr. 14 fin.; Quint. 2, 5, 6 al.; also [[with]] the signif. to [[make]] or [[procure]] [[silence]]: [[Fabius]] cum [[silentium]] classico fecisset, Liv. 2, 45; Tac. H. 3, 20; Curt. 10, 6, 3; Phaedr. 5, 5, 15: facere silentia majestate manūs, Pers. 4, 7: tribuni [[plebis]], cum inviti [[silentium]] tenuissent, Liv. 5, 9, 4; so, [[tenere]] [[silentium]], id. 1, 16, 2; 1, 28, 8; 9, 38, 14: [[silentium]] obtinere, id. 1, 16, 2; cf.: obstinatum [[silentium]] obtinuit, id. 9, 38, 14: tenuere silentia cuncti, Ov. M. 1, 206: se [[silentium]] fieri jussisse, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59; Luc. 1, 298: [[silentium]] imperare, Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 7; Tac. G. 11: [[silentium]] significare, to [[give]] a [[signal]] for [[silence]], Cic. Brut. 84, 290: cum silentio animadvertite, Ter. Eun. prol. 44: Athenienses cum silentio auditi sunt, Liv. 38, 10, 4: cum silentio ad aliquem convenire, id. 7, 35, 1; so, cum silentio, id. 25, 9, 15: agere per [[silentium]], Ter. Heaut. prol. 36; cf. id. Hec. prol. alt. 21; id. Phorm. prol. 30: per [[silentium]] noctis, Liv. 3, 42, 3; Tac. A. 4, 53; id. Agr. 3: ego illas omnes res egi silentio, Cic. Prov. Cons. 12, 29; cf.: ut nulla [[fere]] [[pars]] orationis silentio praeteriretur, in [[silence]], [[without]] [[applause]], id. Brut. 22, 88; [[more]] freq.: praeterire silentio, to [[pass]] [[over]] in [[silence]], to [[say]] [[nothing]] [[about]], id. Sull. 21, 62; id. Part. Or. 23, 82; id. Phil. 13, 6 Orell. N. cr.; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6; for [[which]]: silentio transire, Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3; Quint. 2, 3, 1; 5, 12, 23: periculosissimum locum silentio [[sum]] [[praetervectus]], Cic. Phil. 7, 3, 8: transmittere aliquem, Tac. A. 1, 13 fin. al.; cf.: cum M. [[Tullius]] de omnibus (oratoribus) aetatis suae [[silentium]] egerit, keeps [[silence]], is [[silent]], Quint. 10, 1, 38: [[tenere]] se [[intra]] [[silentium]], Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8; 7, 6, 6: de Partho [[silentium]] est, [[nothing]] is said, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4: ut laudem eorum a silentio vindicarem, i. e. [[obscurity]], id. de Or. 2, 2, 7; Sen. Ep. 21, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 14, 1: gravissimas plagas ferre silentio, Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46: [[quam]] maximum [[silentium]] haberi jubet, Sall. J. 99, 1: lacrimae omnibus obortae, et diu maestum [[silentium]] tenuit, prevailed, Liv. 40, 8, 20.—Poet.: fer opem furtoque silentia deme, [[remove]] [[silence]] from, i. e. [[tell]] of, [[disclose]], Ov. M. 2, 700.—Of the [[stillness]], [[silence]], [[dead]] of [[night]]: silentio noctis [[Caesar]] ex castris [[egressus]], Caes. B. G. 7, 36: in silentio noctis, id. ib. 7, 26; cf.: se vocem noctis silentio audisse clariorem humanā, Liv. 5, 32: [[paulo]] [[ante]] mediam noctem silentio ex [[oppido]] egressi, Caes. B. G. 7, 11; cf. id. ib. 7, 18; 7, 60; Liv. 8, 23, 9, 38.—Poet., in plur.: silentia noctis, Lucr. 4, 461; Stat. Th. 1, 441: [[quid]] me alta silentia cogis Rumpere, Verg. A. 10, 63; Ov. M. 7, 184: taciturna silentia, Lucr. 4, 585: torquent illum furibunda silentia, Stat. Th. 10, 890.—The [[stillness]], [[quietness]] of the fields: [[nactus]] silentia ruris, Ov. M. 1, 232; cf.: vidit desolatas agere alta silentia terras, id. ib. 1, 349.—Of [[wood]] [[that]] makes no [[noise]], does not [[snap]], Plin. 16, 16, 28, § 70.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., in augural lang., [[freedom]] from [[disturbance]]; [[hence]], faultlessness, perfectness in the [[taking]] of [[auspices]]: id [[silentium]] dicimus in auspiciis, [[quod]] omni [[vitio]] caret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 34, 71; cf. Fest. p. 348 Müll.; s. v. sinistrum, p. 351 ib.; and v. Becker, Antiq. vol. 2, [[pars]] 3, p. 76 sq.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., a [[standstill]] (opp. to [[motion]] or [[activity]]); [[cessation]], [[repose]], [[inaction]], tranquillity, etc. ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].): [[mundus]] caeli [[vastus]] constitit silentio, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 2 med.: [[silentium]] perpetuum judiciorum ac [[fori]], Cic. Pis. 14, 32; cf. Tac. Agr. 39: vitam silentio transire, Sall. C. 1, 1: [[silentium]] otiumque [[inter]] armatos, Liv. 2, 45: biduum [[deinde]] [[silentium]] fuit neutris transgredientibus amnem, id. 37, 38: [[idem]] praeturae [[tenor]] et [[silentium]], Tac. Agr. 6: [[quantum]] [[distant]] a morte silentia vitae? Sil. 3, 145.