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Spiros

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 |Beta Code=si=tos
 |Definition=ὁ, heterocl. pl. <b class="b3">σῖτα, τά</b>, <span class="bibl">Xenoph.2.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.128</span>, <span class="bibl">5.34</span> (neut. sg. <b class="b3">σῖτον</b> only <span class="title">Delph.</span>3(5).3 ii 19 (iv B.C.)):—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">grain</b>, comprehending both wheat (πυρός) and barley (κριθή), ἐν [Ἰθάκῃ] σ. ἀθέσφατος ἐν δέ τε οἶνος γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Od.13.244</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ σίτου ἐκβολήν</b> about the shooting of <b class="b2">the corn</b> into ear, <span class="bibl">Th.4.1</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ σ. ἀκμάζοντος</b> at <b class="b2">its</b> ripening, <span class="bibl">Id.2.19</span>; πρὶν τὸν σ. ἐν ἀκμῇ εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.4.2</span>; τὸν νέον σ. σὺν τῇ καλάμῃ ἀποκείμενον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.27</span>; <b class="b3">σ. ἀληλεσμένος</b> or <b class="b3">-εμένος</b> ground <b class="b2">corn</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>; σ. ἀπηλοημένος <span class="bibl">D.42.6</span>; σῖτον ἐσαγαγεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.2.6</span>, etc.; σ. ἐπείσακτος <span class="bibl">D.18.87</span>; <b class="b3">σίτου εἰσαγωγή, ἐξαγωγή</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1133b9</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.35; συγκομιδή <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.5.14</span>; ἐγδοχεία <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>23</span> (iii B.C.); comprehending <b class="b3">πυρός, κριθή, ὄλυρα</b>, and <b class="b3">φακός</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>66.41</span> (ii B.C.); περὶ τοῦ σ. καὶ τοῦ σησάμου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>43.3</span> (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ὁ σ. καὶ τὰ λάχανα</b> as examples of <b class="b3">πόα</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>1.3.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">food made from grain, bread</b>, opp. flesh-meat, σ. καὶ κρέα <span class="bibl">Od.9.9</span>, <span class="bibl">12.19</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.168</span>; <b class="b3">σῖτον ἔδοντες</b>, a general epith. of men as opp. to beasts, <b class="b3">ὅσσοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ σ. ἔδ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.8.222</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.89</span>; of savages, who eat flesh only, οὐδέ τι σῖτον ἤσθιον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>146</span>; of civilized men, σῖτον καὶ σπείρουσι καὶ σιτέονται <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.17</span>; σωρὸν σίτου κεχυμένον <span class="bibl">Id.1.22</span>; ἐσθίειν ἐπὶ τῷ σ. ὄψον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.14.2</span>; <b class="b3">κάρδαμον ἔχειν ἐπὶ τῷ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.11</span>; <b class="b3">πίνειν ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τῷ σ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">6.2.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Them.</span>29</span>, with Id.2.328f. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in a wider sense, <b class="b2">food</b>, as opp. to drink, σ. ἠδὲ ποτής <span class="bibl">Od.9.87</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.19.306</span>; σ. καὶ οἶνος <span class="bibl">Od.3.479</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.706</span>; σ. καὶ μέθυ <span class="bibl">Od.4.746</span>, etc.; even of porridge (κυκεών), <span class="bibl">10.235</span>; σῖτα καὶ ποτά <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.34</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.3.27</span>; σ. ποιεῖν καὶ οἶνον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>372a</span>; ἄκμηνος σίτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.19.163</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>182</span>; <b class="b3">εὐνὴ καὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od. 20.130</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.24.129</span>; ὕπνον καὶ σ. αἱρεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.75</span>; <b class="b2">provisions</b>, σῖτα ἀναιρέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.128</span>; παρέχειν σῖτα καὶ νέας <span class="bibl">Id.7.21</span>; <b class="b3">παρέχειν μέχρι τριάκοντα ἡμερῶν σ</b>. Foed. ap. <span class="bibl">Th.5.47</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> rarely of beasts, <b class="b2">fodder</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>604</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>383</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>4.1</span>.—In the general sense of <b class="b2">food</b>, Prose writers prefer the dim. form <b class="b3">σιτία, τά</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in Att. Law, <b class="b2">allowance of grain</b> made to widows and orphans. <b class="b3">σῖτον διδόναι, ἀποδιδόναι</b>, <span class="bibl">D.27.15</span>, <span class="bibl">28.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>56.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">δίκην σίτου δικάσασθαι</b>, bring an action under the Athen. Corn-law against regraters and monopolists, <span class="bibl">Is.3.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.59.52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">allowance</b> made to the <b class="b3">Ἱππεῖς</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.304.4, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">public distribution of corn</b> in Rome, Lat. <b class="b2">frumentatio</b>, τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ σίτου ὄντα ἐν Ῥώμῃ <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.10.2</span>.</span>
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+|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0886.png Seite 886]] ὁ, <b class="b2">Weizen, übh. Getreide, Korn</b>; im natürlichen Zustande, [[σῖτον]] καὶ σπείρουσι καὶ σιτέονται, Her. 4, 17; daher σίτου ἀκμάζοντος, Thuc. 2, 19; Xen. Hell. 1, 3, 4; σίτου συγκομιδῆς οὐσης, 7, 5, 14, u. ähnliche Zeitbestimmungen; περὶ τὴν τοῦ σίτου κάθαρσιν, Plat. Tim. 52 e; – zubereitet, Mehl, Brot, daher auch ganz im Allgemeinen, Kost, Nahrung, Soeise, Lebensmittel, oft bei Hom. u. Hes. u. in Prosa, durchgängig von menschlicher Nahrung, daher die Menschen ndh. [[σῖτον]] ἔδοντες heißen, Od. 8, 222. 9, 40. 10, 101; in der Regel von Nahrungsmitteln, welche aus Getreide bereitet sind, Brot, Graupen, Mehlspeisen, im Ggstz zum Fleische, [[σῖτος]] καὶ κρέα, 9, 8. 12, 19. 15, 334. 22, 21, Hes. sagt von Menschen, die im wilden Zustande Nichts als Fleisch essen, [[οὐδέ]] τι [[σῖτον]] ἔσθιον, O. 148, doch steht es auch in weitern Sinne übh. für Soeise, im Ggsg zum Tranke, [[σῖτος]] ήδὲ [[ποτής]], Od. 9, 87. 10, 58 ll. 19. 306, [[σῖτος]] καὶ [[οἶνος]], Od. 8, 479. 14. 46. 20, 312 u. öfter, [[σῖτος]] καὶ [[μέθυ]], 4, 746. 7, 265. 17, 533 u. sonst; σῖτα καὶ ποτά, Her. 5, 34. 65; [[σῖτον]] τακτὸν καὶ μεμαγμένον, Thuc. 4, 16; ἀληλεσμένον, 4, 26; πώματος ἢ σίτου δόσει, Plat. Legg. IX, 865 b; ὑπὸ σίτων καὶ ποτῶν, Prot. 353 c; neben [[οἶνος]] Xen. Cyr. 6, 2, 26; [[ποτόν]], 4, 2, 34; Od. 10, 235 steht es auch von dem [[κυκεών]], einem dicken breiartigen Tranke. – Im attischen Recht nach Harpocr. [[σῖτος]] καλεῖται ἡ διδομένη [[πρόσοδος]] εἰς τροφὴν ταῖς γυναιξὶν ἢ τοῖς ὀρφανοῖς; so [[σῖτον]] διδόναι, ἀποδιδόναι, Dem. 27. 15. 28, 11; also übh. Unterhalt; σίτου δίκην δικάζεσθαι, Is. 3, 9; σίτου δίκην [[λαχεῖν]] τινι, Dem. 59, 32; οἱ περὶ τὸν [[σῖτον]] ἀδικοῦντες, 24, 136 u. sonst, bezieht sich auf den unter strenger Aufsicht des Staates stehenden Getreidehandel. – Die Aerzte nennen auch die Ueberbleibsel und Abgänge genossener Speisen so, die Excremente, die auch σιτία heißen. – Der plur. σῖτα, der schon bei Her. 4, 128. 5, 34. 7, 21 vorkommt, ist bei den Attikern die gebräuchliche Form, aber ein sing. [[σῖτον]] existirt nicht, vgl. Porson Eur. Med. 994 u. Schaef. Soph. El. 1366.
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